• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.677-684
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• 2020

본 연구는 대구 Y대학교에 재학 중인 20대 대학생 15명을 무작위로 선발하였다. 실험 군은 총 3군으로 실험 전 각 실험 대상자들의 균형능력을 측정한 후, 시각되먹임을 이용한 균형운동으로 닌텐도 Wii(Nintendo -RVL-001(KOR)를 사용한 집단, 시각과 토구를 이용한 균형운동 집단, 시각을 차단하고 토구를 이용한 균형운동 집단 등 각 집단 5명을 훈련시킨 후 MFT와 EMG를 이용하여 측정하였다. MFT측정 결과 시각되먹임을 이용한 균형 훈련과 시각되먹임과 체성감각을 병행한 균형 훈련과의 상관관계에서는 유의한 결과를 나타내었고, 시각되먹임과 체성감각을 병행한 균형훈련과 체성감각만을 이용한 균형 훈련에서도 유의한 결과를 나타내었다(p<.05). EMG 측정 결과 시각되먹임을 이용한 훈련과 시각되먹임과 체성감각을 병행한 균형훈련과의 상관관계는 유의한 결과를 나타냈고(p<.05), 시각되먹임을 이용한 훈련과 체성감각만을 이용한 균형훈련, 그리고 체성감각만을 이용한 균형훈련과 시각되먹임을 병행한 체성감각훈련 사이에서는 유의한 결과가 나타나지 않았다. 본 실험에서는 시각되먹임만을 이용한 균형훈련보다 체성감각훈련을 병행하는 것이 더욱 효과적이었다. 따라서 균형능력이 감소된 환자들의 균형감각능력증진에 체성감각훈련이 좌우차이와 좌우빈도를 맞추는데 효과적이고 시각되먹임은 동적 균형 증진에 효과적이므로 이 두 훈련을 병행하는 것이 가장 효과적일 것이라고 생각된다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.587-596
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• 2010

Purpose : This study was performed to investigate the effects of somatosensory training on the spatiotemporal gait parameters and balance in patients with stroke patients. Methods : 24 stroke survivors were allocated in this study, and randomly divided into experimental(n=12) and control group(n=12), independently. Experimental group was applied somatosensory training program plus conventional physical therapy, and control group was applied only conventional physical therapy. All subjects were administered for 30 minutes per day during 8 weeks(5 times a week). Results : Spatiotemporal parameters of gait were significant difference between pre and post intervention in experimental group, except of step length asymmetry ratio(SLAR) and single support time asymmetry ratio (SSAR)(p<.05). But control group had no statistical significance(p>.05). And also there was significant difference between experimental and control group(p<.05), except of cadence and SSAR(p>.05). Balance parameters were significant difference between pre and post intervention in experimental group(p<.05). But control group had no statistical significance(p>.05). And experimental timed up and go test was significantly decreased than control group(p<.05), but berg balance scale and functional reach test were not significant difference between experimental and control group(p>.05). Conclusion : This study was suggested that somatosensory training has effectiveness on the spatiotemporal gait parameters and balance in patients with stroke survivors. So this therapeutic intervention will be effectivelyapply to the stroke survivors in the clinical setting.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.2005-2011
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• 2020

Background: Motor imagery is the mental representation of an action without overt movement or muscle activation. However, few previous studies have demonstrated motor imagery training effects as an objective assessment tool in patients with early stroke. Objective: To investigate the effect of motor imagery training on Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SSEP) and upper limb function of stroke patients. Design: A quasi-experimental study. Methods: Twenty-four patients with stroke were enrolled in this study. All subjects were assigned to the experimental or control group. All participants received traditional occupational therapy for 30 minutes, 5 times a week. The experimental group performed an additional task of motor imagery training (MIT) 20 minutes per day, 5 days a week, for 4 weeks. Both groups were assessed using the SSEP amplitude, Fugl-Meyer assessment of upper extremity (FMA UE) and Wolf motor function test. Results: After the intervention, the experimental group showed significant improvement in SSEP amplitude and FMA UE than did the control group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the MIT effectively improve the SSEP and upper limb function of stroke patients.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2012

본 문헌고찰의 목적은 뇌졸중을 경험하는 대상자들을 위한 체성감각 자극 중심치료의 효과와 관련된 지금까지의 문헌들을 확인하고, 본 문헌고찰에 근거하여 임상환경에서 보다 효과적으로 적용할 수 있는 이상적인 체성감각자극 훈련방법을 제안하고자 함이다. 먼저, 문헌연구를 통해 뇌졸중을 경험하는 대상자를 중심으로 지금까지 주로 적용되었던 전기적 체성감각자극 치료의 효과성과 제한점을 확인하고, 최근문헌에 근거하여 임상환경에서 보다 효율적 적용이 가능할 것으로 기대되는 앞으로의 치료적 발전방향성을 제시하였다. 본 문헌고찰 결과, 현재까지 뇌졸중을 경험하는 대상자의 기능회복을 위한 체성감각 중심훈련의 필요성을 강조하는 연구 결과가 어느 정도 축적되어 있었음에도 불구하고 실제 임상에서는 재활치료 시 치료적인 여건에 제한으로 인해 구체적인 체성감각 자극입력의 치료적 적용은 제한점이 많은 것으로 확인되었다. 뿐만 아니라, 현재 이용 되고 있는 치료도구 역시 체성감각 및 특수감각을 고려한 도구는 거의 없는 것이 현실이었다. 하지만 본 문헌고찰을 통해서 분명히 확인할 수 있었던 것은 적절한 체성감각과 특수감각의 통합적 적용은 뇌졸중을 경험하는 대상자의 기능회복에 매우 긍정적인 효과를 보여주었다는 점이다. 뿐만 아니라, 치료적 환경에서 적용 가능한 적절한 기계적 인터페이스의 적용은 향후 뇌 손상 환자의 재활에 매우 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있을 것이라고 기대된다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2015

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of pressure sense perception training (PSPT) on various surfaces on the somatosensory system, balance, and walking ability in chronic stroke patients. METHODS: Thirty patients with stroke participated in this study and were randomly assigned to one of three groups; group 1 received the general physical therapy and the PSPT on a stable surface, group 2 received the general physical therapy and the PSPT on an unstable surface, and group 3 received the general physical therapy alone. Participants in group 1 and group 2 underwent 30 min/session, 3 days per week, for 4 weeks. Pressure error (PE) was used to evaluate changes of proprioception. The Balancia, Functional reach test (FRT), and Timed Up and Go (TUG) were used to assess the balance ability, and the 10m Walking Test (10-MWT) was used to assess walking ability. RESULTS: Experimental groups (group 1 and group 2) showed significant differences in PE, FRT, TUG, and 10-MWT compared to the control group (p <0.05). Group 2 (PSPT on an unstable surface) was significantly different in PE, FRT, and 10-MWT from group 1 (p <0.05). No significant differences were observed for other measures. CONCLUSION: Pressure sense perception training on an unstable surface might be a significantly more effective method for improving somatosensory function, balance, and walking ability, than PSPT on a stable surface.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.651-656
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• 2011

Although prosthetic training was received, most of amputees mainly depend on visual feedback to use prostheses, not on cutaneous and proprioceptive sensibility. Our objective of this study was to determine if there are changes in the somatosensory sensibility of amputees compared to non-amputees using multi-channel vibration stimulation system. One transradial amputees and ten non-amputees were involved. To investigate changes of residual somatosensory sensibility at stump, we set up custom-made vibration stimulation system including eight actuators (4 medial and 4 lateral) and GUI-based acquisition system. The results showed that there was similar pattern of subjective response at most of channels among group as stimulation increases. However, amputees' subjective response at channel 8 for 238Hz vibration was more sensitive than that of healthy persons. With respect to channels, response at channel 4 (medial) corresponding region to flexor carpi ulnaris for transradial amputees was most sensitive than other channels. In addition, sensitivity of four medial channels was on average about 0.5 scale than that of four lateral channels. Somatosensory sensibility was amputee, women, and men in sensibility order.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.395-404
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• 2010

Purpose : The object of this study was to examine the effect of motor learning on brain activation depending on the method of motor learning. Methods : The brain activation was measured in 9 men by fMRI. The subjects were divided into the following groups depending on the method of motor learning: actually practice (AP, n=3) group, action observation (AO, n=3) group and motor imagery (MI, n=3) group. In order to examine the effect of motor learning depending on the method of motor learning, the brain activation data were measured during learning. For the investigation of brain activation, fMRI was conducted. Results : The results of brain activation measured before and during learning were as follows; (1) During learning, the AP group showed the activation in the following areas: primary motor area located in precentral gyrus, somatosensory area located in postcentral gyrus, supplemental motor area and prefrontal association area located in precentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus and superior frontal gyrus, speech area located in superior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus, Broca's area located in inferior parietal lobe and somatosensory association area of precuneus; (2) During learning, the AD groups showed the activation in the following areas: primary motor area located in precentral gyrus, prefrontal association area located in middle frontal gyrus and superior frontal gyrus, speech area and supplemental motor area located in superior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus, Broca's area located in inferior parietal lobe, somatosensory area and primary motor area located in precentral gyrus of right cerebrum and left cerebrum, and somatosensory association area located in precuneus; and (3) During learning, the MI group showed activation in the following areas: speech area located in superior temporal gyrus, supplemental area, and somatosensory association area located in precuneus. Conclusion : Given the results above, in this study, the action observation was suggested as an alternative to motor learning through actual practice in serial reaction time task of motor learning. It showed the similar results to the actual practice in brain activation which were obtained using activation of mirror neuron. This result suggests that the brain activation occurred by the activation of mirror neuron, which was observed during action observation. The mirror neurons are located in primary motor area, somatosensory area, premotor area, supplemental motor area and somatosensory association area. In sum, when we plan a training program through physiotherapy to increase the effect during reeducation of movement, the action observation as well as best resting is necessary in increasing the effect of motor learning with the patients who cannot be engaged in actual practice.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2023

PURPOSE: A visual feedback method was proposed to induce brain stimulation in a stroke patient, and among them, there was a treatment using a mirror. On the other hand, mirror therapy focuses only on the functional changes in body movements, and analysis of neurophysiological mechanisms of brain activity is lacking. In addition, studies on evaluating the activity and response generated in specific brain regions during visual feedback training using mirrors are insufficient. METHODS: Fifteen healthy adults (male: 10, female: 5, Years: 23.33 ± 1.23), who were right-handed were recruited. By attaching the C3, Cz, and C4 channels in the sensorimotor cortex using an electroencephalogram, training was performed under the conditions without mirror-based visual feedback (No-condition) and with visual feedback (Tasks-condition). At this time, the immediate activity of the mu-rhythm in response to training was separated and evaluated. RESULTS: The tasks-condition of C3, Cz, and C4 channels activated the relative mu-rhythm rather than the no-condition, and all showed significant differences (p < .05). In addition, in all channels at the start time, the tasks-condition was more active than the no-condition (p < .05). The activity of the cortical response was higher in the tasks-condition than in the no-condition (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The mu-rhythm activity can be evaluated objectively when visual feedback using a mirror is applied to healthy subjects, and a basic analysis protocol is proposed.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.645-651
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• 2019

본 연구는 전방머리자세와 턱관절 장애 및 정량적 턱관절의 체성감각의 상관관계를 알아보고자 연구를 진행하였다. 본 연구는 대상자 선정요구를 충족한 62명의 대상자(22.15±2.56세)을 대상으로 전방머리자세에 대한 중재 후 전방머리 자세 변화에 따른 턱관절 기능 및 체성감각의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 전방머리자세에 대한 중재는 바이오피드백 훈련을 실시하였으며, 주 3회 총 4주간 총 12회 진행되었다. 전방머리자세를 평가하기 위하여 머리-척추각을 검사하였으며, 턱관절 기능은 입 벌림과 좌, 우측 치우침을 검사 하였고, 체성감각의 변화를 확인하기 위하여 진동역치감각을 측정하였다. 연구결과 머리 척추각의 변화에 따른 턱관절 기능(p<0.001) 및 체성감각(p<0.001)의 변화는 모두 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 연구 결과 전방머리자세와 턱관절 기능 및 체성감각에 유의한 상관관계를 보였으며, 본 연구를 기반으로 턱관절 장애로 고통 받고 있는 환자들에게 턱관절 치료에 새로운 패러다임을 제공 할 수 있을 것이며, 향후 턱관절의 치료에 대한 기초 자료로 제공 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.192-198
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a new training system for the improvement of equilibrium sense using unstable platform. The equilibrium sense, which provides orientation with respect to gravity, is important to integrate the vision, somatosensory and vestibular function to maintain the equilibrium sense of the human body. In order to improve the equilibrium sense, we developed the software program such as a block game, pingpong game using Visual C++. These training system for the equilibrium sense consists of unstable platform, computer interface and software program. The unstable platform was a simple structure of elliptical-type which included tilt sensor, wireless RF module and the device of power supply. To evaluate the effect of balance training, we measured and evaluated the parameters as the moving time to the target, duration to maintain cursor in the target of screen and the error between sine curve and acquired data. As a results, the moving time to the target and duration to maintain cursor in the target was improved through the repeating training of equilibrium sense. It was concluded that this system was reliable in the evaluation of equilibrium sense. This system might be applied to clinical use as an effective balance training system.