• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2020

Objectives : Jakyakgamcho-tang has been used as analgesic and spasmolytic for muscle pain. It has reported to anti-diabetes, anti-inflammation, and neuro-protective effects. A clinical study of muscle fatigue and pain improvement effect of Jakyakgamcho-tang has been reported with increasing frequency of clinical use. However, the anti-fatigue effect of Jakyakgamcho-tang in animal model has not been studied. In this study, we compared anti-physical fatigue effects of water and 30% ethanol extract of Jakyakgamcho-tang. Methods : The amounts of components contained in water and 30% ethanol extract of Jakyakgamcho-tang were compared by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Anti-physical fatigue effects were evaluated using weight-loaded forced swimming test. We also investigated the effects of Jakyakgamcho-tang on the change of fatigue parameters by blood biochemical analysis. Results : The relative amount of components of Jakyakgamcho-tang were about 19-53% higher in the 30% ethanol extract than in the water extract. In the swimming test, 30% ethanol extract showed a significantly greater anti-fatigue effects than conventional water extract of Jakyakgamcho-tang. The 30% ethanol extract of Jakyakgamcho-tang improved the exhausted swimming time (54%), and serum lactate dehydrogenase (48%) and lactic acid (60%) levels compared with water extract of Jakyakgamcho-tang. Conclusions : These results showed that differences in the amounts of components by different extraction were associated with differences of anti-fatigue effect of Jakyakgamcho-tang. Thus, the 30% ethanol extraction method could be applied to dose-reducing formulations of traditional herbal medicines.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.15-19
• /
• 2001

The derivative of chrysin 7-O-cyclopropanecarboxylate was synthesized by condensing cyclopropanecarboxylic acid with chrysin in organic solvent, and its structure was identified by NMR, MS, UV IR etc. We also investigated the physico-chemical properties, anti-diabetic effect and set up the quantitative analytical method of this compound. The correlation coefficient of calibration curve on this compound was approximately 0.9985 by absorption spectrophotometry. And, this study was carried out to investigate the hair-growth effect of chrysin derivative to the black mouse (C57BL/6). When this derivative in ethanol solution was administered to the back of mouse by method of skin paste, this derivative promoted the hair growth of mouse.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.71-76
• /
• 2001

Methanol extract and solvent fractions of Aster scaber Thunb. were tested to elucidate antioxidative characteristics in vitro. Methanol extract showed strong inhibition on linoleic acid autoxidation and conjugated diene production. Hexane and diethyl ether fractions showed stronger chelating effect on $10^{-4}M\;FeCl_3$ than the other fractions. Butanol fraction had the strongest capacity on $10^{-3}M\;CuSO_4$ similar to ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Synergistic effect of butanol fraction with histidine, methionine, and lysine on linoleic acid autoxidation had been observed. Contents of total phenol, vitamin E, vitamin C, and carotenoid were evaluated. From the results, Aster scaber Thunb. could be expected to play a role as an antioxidant in vivo.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.320-326
• /
• 2004

We have extracted the natural pine-needles to use ethanol in solvent, and could obtain the refined oil component from pine-needles extract. We have tested the antimicrobial effect from microbe experiment and analyzed with ICP/OES, GC/MS. we could obtain the next conclusion from the result of this experiment. In the first result of this experiment we could know that in case of increasing concentration of pine-needles, the number of microbe decreased more and more. Also we could know that the refined oil component of pine-needles appeared the sterilization effect of S-aureus and E-coli after 96hrs and 120hrs. So we could know that the refined oil component of appeared effect to microbe. In the second result of this experiment we could know that inorganic materials of Ca, Mg, V, Mn etcs from pine-needles detected to ICP/OES analysis and the aromatic compounds from refined oil component of pine-needles was certificated to GC/MS analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.593-598
• /
• 1999

This study was designed to investigate the possible utilization of Zizyphus jujuba leaves as a source of functional ingredients. The physiological activity of different solvent fractions prepared from ethanol extract of Zizyphus jujuba leaves were analyzed. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory effect was very high in all fractions except chloroform fraction. The very high electron donating ability was observed in the ethylacetate fraction and the effect was similar to 0.1% tocopherol. Nitrite scavenging effect of all fractions was more than 40% even at low concentration of 1mg/ml and was increased with increasing concentration. Angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory activity was appeared in ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions only at high concentraton.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 1988

A number of substituted furodiketochroman derivatives ($lll_{a-f}$) have been synthesized by fusion of aromatic aldehydes with 5-hydroxybergapten and 5-hydroxyisopimpinellin. On the other hand, when the reaction was carried out in a solvent, the corresponding bis-furoccumarin derivatives ($lV_{c-n}$) were obtained. The anticoagulant effect of compounds $lll_{a,b,d}$ and $lv_{b,c,f,g,i,k}$ was tested. They failed to demonstrate any significant effect. The effect of the tested compounds on the arterial blood pressure was studied. Compounds $lV_c$, $lll_d$, $lll_b$, $lV_b$, $lV_k$ and $lV_i$ showed lowering effects on the normal systolic blooc pressure of anaesthetized rats in a decreasing manner.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.662-670
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of methanolic extracts of graviola, Annona muricate leaves (AMME) on antioxidant activity and melanin production. First of all, DPPH radical and reducing power were performed to determine the antioxidant effect of AMME and organic solvent fractions. AMME and organic solvent fractions showed antioxidative activity in a concentration dependent manner. The ethyl acetate fraction of AMME among organic solvent fractions showed the highest antioxidant activity. Moreover, tyrosinase activity was performed to confirm the effect of organic fractions on melanin production. AMME, ethyl acetate, and hexane fractions increased tyrosinase activity a dose dependent manner. Next, the hexane fraction with the best effect on melanin synthesis in AMME organic solvent fraction was divided into 12 fractions by silica column chromatography. Among them, the fraction 7 and 8 showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power. In addition, the fraction 7 and 8 at $64{\mu}g/ml$ showed melanin synthesis by 260% and 184%, respectively. Finally, the fraction 8 at $4{\mu}g/ml$ showed melanin synthesis by 34% in B16F1 cells. LC-MS analysis showed that fraction 7 and fraction 8 have a molecular weight of 617 and 619, respectively. FT-IR analysis showed that fractions 7 and 8 is similar to bis(2-hydroxyethly)dimerate. Above results suggest that graviola leaves extracts could be applicable to the development of natural antioxidants or hair cosmetics which are related to the promoting effect of melanin production.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.30 no.9
• /
• pp.1323-1331
• /
• 2017

Objective: This study investigated the effect of extraction solvents on antioxidant bio-active compounds as well as potential antioxidant and lipid peroxidation inhibition of Phyllanthus acidus (P. acidus) leaf extract in minced pork. Methods: The effect of various solvent systems of water, 25%, 50%, 75% (v/v) ethanol in water and absolute ethanol on the extraction crude yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and in vitro antioxidant activities of P. acidus leaves was determined. In addition, antioxidant activities of the addition of crude extract from P. aciuds leaves at 2.5 and 5 g/kg in minced pork on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical cation decolorization, reducing power and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TBARS) were determined. Moreover, sensory evaluation of the samples was undertaken by using a 7-point hedonic scale. Results: The results showed that the highest crude yield (2.8 g/100 g dry weight) was obtained from water which also had the highest recovery yield for total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and the strongest antioxidant activity. The addition of crude water extract from P. acidus leaves was more effective in retarding lipid peroxidation and higher antioxidant activity than control and butylated hydroxytoluene in minced pork. In particular, the samples containing P. acidus extract had no significant effect on the sensory scores of overall appearance, color, odor, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability compared to the control. Conclusion: Water solvent was an optimally appropriate solvent for P. acidus leaf extraction because of its ability to yield the highest amount of bio-active compounds and in vitro antioxidant property. Particularly, P. acidus crude water extract also strongly expressed the capacity to retard lipid oxidation, radical scavenging, radical cation decolorization and reducing power in minced pork. The results of this study indicated that P. acidus leaf extract could be used as natural antioxidant in the pork industry.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• v.9 no.5
• /
• pp.267-276
• /
• 2001

In order to endow with new bioactive functionality from demineralized bone particle (DBP) as natural source to poly(L-lactide) (PLA) synthetic biodegradable polymer, porous DBP/PLA as natural/synthetic composite scaffolds were prepared and compared by means of the emulsion freeze drying and solvent casting/salt leaching methods for the possibility of the application of tissue engineered bone and cartilage. For the emulsion freeze drying method, it was observed that the pore size decreased in the order of 79$\mu\textrm{m}$ (PLA control) > 47$\mu\textrm{m}$ (20% of DBP) > 23 $\mu\textrm{m}$ (40% of DBP) > 15$\mu\textrm{m}$ (80% of DBP). Porosities as well as specific pore areas decreased with increasing the amount of DBR. It can be explained that DBP acts like emulsifier resulting in stabilizing water droplet in emulsion. For the solvent casting/salt leaching method, a uniform distribution of well interconnected pores from the surface to core region were observed the pore size of 80 ∼70 $\mu\textrm{m}$ independent with DBP amount. Porosities as well as specific pore areas also were almost same. For pore size distribution by the mercury intrusion porosimeter analysis between the two methods, the pore size distribution of the emulsion freeze drying method was broader than that of the solvent casting/salt leaching method due to the mechanism of emulsion formation. Scaffolds of PLA alone, DBP/PLA of 40 and 80%, and DBP powder were implanted on the back of athymic nude mouse to observe the effect of DBP on the induction of cells proliferation by hematoxylin and eosin staining for 8 weeks. It was observed that the effect of DBP/PLA scaffolds on bone induction are stronger than PLA scaffolds, even though the bone induction effect of DBP/PLA scaffold might be lowered than only DBP powder, that is to say, in the order of DBP only > DBP/PLA scaffolds of 40 and 80% DBP > PLA scaffolds only for osteoinduction activity. In conclusion, it seems that DBP plays an important role for bone induction in DBP/PLA scaffolds for the application of tissue engineering area.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.271-278
• /
• 2006

As for red pepper seasoning oil (RPSO), seasoning oil (SO) and pine needle oil (PNO), various organic solvent extracts from rosemary powder and tocopherol are treated as control group. At this time, amounts that are treated were all 1,000 ppm. It was observed by AV (acid value), POV (peroxide value) and carbonyl compounds content of the stored samples during 3 months at 60${\pm}$2$^{\circ}C$ incubation. Tocopherol was shown to be pro-oxidant than the antioxidant in all seasoning oil samples. Icreasing effect of storage stability of chloroform/MeOH extract was the most superior one. Final result of icreasing effect of storage stability from the determinated data was as follows. The storage stability of solvent system by AV and POV analysis was in the increasing order of chloroform/MeOH extract> ethyl alcohol extract>hot water extract>ethyl acetate extract>acetone extract>none treating group> tocopherol treating group, POV was chloroform/MeOH extract>ethyl alcohol extract ${\geq}$ ethyl acetate extract> acetone extract ${\geq}$ hot water extract>none treating group>tocopherol treating group and by carbonyl compound content analysis was in the increasing order of chloroform/MeOH extract>ethyl acetate extract>ethyl alcohol extract>hot water extract>acetone extract>none treating group>tocopherol treating group.