• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제44권12호
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• pp.690-695
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• 2007

Scandia stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) is adapted for electrolyte material of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) because of its high ionic conductivity and chemical stability. ScMnSZ1 powder having a composition of $((ZrO_2)_{0.89}(Sc_2O_3)_{0.1}(MnO_2)_{0.01})$ is synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) method. Porous ScMnSZ1 powder is obtained by using a pore forming agent. Microstructure and morphology, particle size distribution of porous powder synthesized with 3wt% pore forming agent are investigated. Sintered ScMnSZ1 sample with ground fine powder are also investigated their microstructure and electrical conductivity. The electrical conductivity of sintered ScMnSZ1 samples with ground fine powder was 0.082 S/cm, 0.127 S/cm and 0.249 S/cm at $750^{\circ}C$, $800^{\circ}C$ and $900^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2019

An electrochemical oxygen permeating membrane (OPM) is fabricated using Zr_0.895Sc_0.095Ce_0.005Gd_0.005O_2-δ (ScCeGdZ) as the solid electrolyte and aLa_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃-bScCeGdZ composite (LZab, electrode) as the electrode. The crystal phase of the electrode and the microstructure of the membrane is investigated with X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical resistance of the membrane is examined using 2-p ac impedance spectroscopy, and LZ55 shows the lowest electrode resistance among LZ82, LZ55 and LZ37. The oxygen permeation is studied with an oxygen permeation cell with a zirconia oxygen sensor. The oxygen flux of the OPM with LZ55 is nearly consistent with the theoretical value calculated from Faraday's Law below a critical current. However, it becomes saturated above the critical current due to the limit of the oxygen ionic conduction of the OPM. The OPM with LZ55 has a very high oxygen permeation flux of ~ 3.5 × 10^-6 mol/㎠s in I = 1.4 A/㎠.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.183-196
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• 2017

The research efforts directed at advancing water electrolysis technology continue to intensify together with the increasing interest in hydrogen as an alternative source of energy to fossil fuels. Among the various water electrolysis systems reported to date, systems employing a solid polymer electrolyte membrane are known to display both improved safety and efficiency as a result of enhanced separation of products: hydrogen and oxygen. Conducting water electrolysis in an alkaline medium lowers the system cost by allowing non-platinum group metals to be used as catalysts for the complex multi-electron transfer reactions involved in water electrolysis, namely the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER, respectively). We briefly review the anion exchange membranes (AEMs) and electrocatalysts developed and applied thus far in alkaline AEM water electrolysis (AEMWE) devices. Testing the developed components in AEMWE cells is a key step in maximizing the device performance since cell performance depends strongly on the structure of the electrodes containing the HER and OER catalysts and the polymer membrane under specific cell operating conditions. In this review, we discuss the properties of reported AEMs that have been used to fabricate membrane-electrode assemblies for AEMWE cells, including membranes based on polysulfone, poly(2,6-dimethyl-p-phylene) oxide, polybenzimidazole, and inorganic composite materials. The activities and stabilities of tertiary metal oxides, metal carbon composites, and ultra-low Pt-loading electrodes toward OER and HER in AEMWE cells are also described.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.295-301
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• 1980

고체전해질 $RbAg_4I_5$의 단결정을 키워서 온도에 따른 전기전도율의 변화를 퍼텐티오메트릭 4-전극방법으로 측정하고 $Ag/RbAg_4I_5$, 계면에 대한 전기화학적 성질을 순환전압전류법으로 조사하였다. 25$^{\circ}C$에서 단결정의 비전기전도율은 $0.284\pm0.003 ohm^{-1}cm^{-1}이었고 \;Ag^+$이온의 이동에 대하여 계산된 활성화에너지는 1.70kcal/mol로서 다결정 시료에 대한 값들과 거의 일치하였다. 순환전압전류법 실험결과 은 기준전극에 대한 전위 0볼트 이하에서는 은 전극에서 $Ag^+$ 이온의 가역적환원이 일어났고 +0.67볼트 이상의 전위에서 요오드화 이온이 산화되어 요오드가 유리되었다. 은의 산화 전위에서 은 전극은 작은 양극전류만을 나타내었으나 환원전위에서 은 전극의 표면에 환원 석출된 은은 다시 양극 전위로 돌아갈 때 아주 큰 산화전류를 나타내었다.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 1999년도 Pre-symposium of the 10th ISWPC Recent Advances in Paper Science and Technology
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• pp.309-314
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• 1999

With a view to seek the influence of hollow sphere pigments of latex upon the printed color on coated paper surface, the hollow sphere pigments were compared with filled ones in a variety of experimental approaches. Colloidal properties of latices were determined by measuring zeta potential and particle size distribution. For the amphoteric filled sphere pigment of latex, the polarity was reversed from the negative side to the positive side with decreasing pH. An extraordinarily high peak in the particle size distribution of the amphoteric filled evidenced aggregation between latex particles near the isoelectric point, depending on the electrolyte concentration and pH of the suspending medium. Coated papers containing the hollow sphere pigment in their coating improved optical properties like gloss and brightness. Optical parameters solely of the coating could account for this finding. An equation derived from the Kubelka-Munk equation calculated them fro twice measurements of reflectance of a coated paper over two substrates of different reflectances. This method permitted to predict brightness of coated paper of which coat weight would be different fro the actual one. The colorimetric parameters of solid-printed surfaces of the coated papers closely related to optical and structural properties of the coated papers. The color of the printed surfaces was dominated by the brightness and the smoothness of the coated papers. The hollow sphere pigments were proved to improve optical properties of coated paper and to control minutely colorimetric parameters of printed surfaces.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.229-234
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• 2004

수계슬러리의 동결건조 공정을 이용하여 배향성 기공을 갖는 NiO-YSZ 지지체를 제조하였다. 슬러리의 동결과정에서 형성된 얼음 결정은 진공건조 과정을 거치면서 승화되어 그 자리에 기공을 형성하였으며. 열전달 방향과 속도를 조절함으로써 얼음결정의 성장을 제어할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 제조된 NiO-YSZ 지지체는 배향성을 가진 거대(macro) 기공과 함께 표면에는 미세기공이 존재하는 독특한 기공구조를 형성하였다. 이것은 동결과정에 있어서 성형체의 위치에 따라 얼음의 성장속도가 다르기 때문에 발생하는 현상으로 생각된다. 얻어진 다공체 표면에 YSZ 슬러리를 dip 코팅하여 막을 형성한 후 140$0^{\circ}C$에서 동시소성(co-firing)하여 다공성 NiO-YSZ 지지체의 표면에 치밀한 YSZ 막이 코팅된 bilayer 제조에 성공하였다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제45권12호
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• pp.755-759
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• 2008

New cathode materials $LaNi_{1-x}{Cu_x}{O_3}$ (typically $LaNi_{0.8}Cu_{0.2}O_3$) were synthesized using a co-precipitation method. The structure and morphology of the powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composite material [$Ce_{0.8}Sm_{0.2}O_{2-\ddot{a}}$(SDC) and carbonate (${Na_2}{CO_3},{Li_2}{CO_3}$)], NiO and $LaNi_{1-x}{Cu_x}{O_3}$ were used as the electrolyte, anode and cathode, respectively. The electrochemical performance of La-Ni-Cu-O perovskite oxide at low temperatures ($400{\sim}550^{\circ}C$) was studied. The results showed that $LaNi_{0.8}Cu_{0.2}O_3$ precursor powder prepared through a co-precipitation method and calcined at $860^{\circ}C$ for 2 h formed uniform grains with diameters in the range of $400{\sim}500\;nm$. The maximum power density and the short circuit current density of the single cell unit at $550^{\circ}C$ were found to be $390\;mW/cm^2$ and $968\;mA/cm^2$, respectively.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1414-1417
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• 1996

The purpose of this study Is to research and develop $V_{6}O_{13}$ composite cathode for lithium thin film battery. $V_{6}O_{13}$ represents a class of cathode active material used in Li rechargeable batteries. In this study, we investigated cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge characteristics of $V_6O_{13}$/SPE/Li cells. Cyclic voltammogram of $V_{6}O_{13}$/SPE/Li cell at scan rate 1mV/sec showed reduction peaks of 2.25V and 2.4V and oxidation peaks of 2.4V and 2.2V. The discharge curve of $V_{6}O_{13}$/SPE/Li cell showed 4 potential plateaus. The discharge capacity was decreased in the beginning of charge/discharge cycling. After 8th cycling, the discharge capacity was stable. The discharge capacity of 1st cycle and 15th cycle was 290mAh/g and 147mAh/g at $25^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.652-658
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• 2016

Thermal batteries use inorganic salt as electrolyte, which is inactive at room temperature. As soon as heat pellets are fired by an igniter, all the solid electrolytes are instantly melted into excellent ionic conductors. However, the abnormal heat generation by the igniter flame or heat pellets causes the thermal decomposition of the electrode and the melting of the anode, eventually leading to a thermal runaway, which results in overheating or explosion. The thermal runaway can be significantly reduced by the adoption of $Zr/BaCrO_4$ heat papers. In this study, the heat papers with various ratios of fuel (Zr) and oxidizer ($BaCrO_4$) were prepared by the paper-making process. We have investigated the calorimetric value, burning rate, and ignition sensitivity. The ignition test of heat pellets and the discharge test of thermal batteries were also carried out. At the composition of 40 wt.% of Zr, the heat papers showed the highest specific calorimetric value and burning rate. As a result, $Zr/BaCrO_4$ heat paper made by the paper-making process has shown the applicability for thermal batteries.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.202.1-202.1
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• 2014

최근 대용량 에너지 저장장치로 사용하고자 하는 리튬-공기전지는 리튬 음극과 액체 전해질 사이의 화학적 불안정성이 문제가 되고 있다. 또한 리튬이온전지는 액체전해질의 사용으로 인해 폭발 등의 안정성 문제가 대두되고 있는 실정이다. 때문에 리튬-공기전지에서 리튬 음극을 액체 전해질로부터 보호할 수 있으며, 리튬이온전지의 액체전해질과 대체하였을 때 전극과도 안정한 고체전해질의 연구가 필요하다. 고체전해질은 구조적으로 crystalline, glassy, 폴리머로 나눌 수 있는데, 이 중 crystalline 구조의 고체전해질은 glassy 및 폴리머 고체전해질에 비해 상온에서 비교적 이온전도도가 높다고 알려져 있다 [1]. 그러나 이온전도도가 높은 황화물 및 질화물 고체전해질은 수분에 민감한 반면 [2,3], 산화물 계열의 물질은 안정할 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구에서는 이온전도도가 높은 산화물인 lithium lanthanum titanate ($Li_{0.5}La_{0.5}TiO_3$, LLTO)를 고체전해질로 선정하여 다양한 환경에서 화학적 안정성에 관해 연구하였다. LLTO와 각종 용액과의 화학적 안정성을 살펴보기 위해 고체전해질을 DI water, 1 M $LiPF_6$ Ethylene Carbonate (EC)-Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC) (50:50 vol.%), 0.57 M LiOH (pH=13), 0.1 M HCl (pH=1)에 immersion하고 무게, 표면형상, 상(phase), 이온전도도 등의 변화를 관찰하였다. 또한 LLTO와 전극간의 반응성을 알아보기 위해 LLTO 분말과 음극물질인 $Li_4Ti_5O_{12}$ 및 양극물질인 $LiCoO_2$ 분말을 혼합한 후 $300^{\circ}C{\sim}700^{\circ}C$의 온도범위에서 열처리하여 반응을 가속화 한 후 상변화 현상을 살펴보았다.