• 제목/요약/키워드: Solid Cancer

검색결과 506건 처리시간 0.028초

고형암 환자의 암성피로에 대한 정신생리학적 엔트로피 모델 검증 (A Test for Psychobiologic Entropy Model on Cancer Related Fatigue among Patients with Solid Tumors)

  • 오창희;박현영;이지숙;최자윤
    • 성인간호학회지
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test a Winningham's psychobiologic entropy model (PEM) on cancer related fatigue (CRF) among patients with solid tumors. Methods: Participants consisted of 213 patients with solid tumors recruited from December, 2012 through June, 2013, in a university hospital, in Hwasun, South Korea. Primary symptoms, adjustment, physical activity, status of nutrition and fatigue were measured using structured questionnaires. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 programs. Results: The modified model tested provided a reasonable fit to the data ($x^2=65.80$ [df=30, p<.001], TLI=.92, CFI=.95, RMSEA=.08, SRMR=.07). Primary symptoms (dyspnea, anxiety, depression and insomnia) had direct positive effects on CRF. Adjustment and status of nutrition showed indirect negative effects on CRF. However, the impact of physical activity was not significant. These variables explained 49.2% of the variance of CRF among solid tumor patients. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that the tested model explain some CRF among solid tumor patients and warrant future research considering the cancer-related clinical factors of the given population.

두경부암에서 방사면역치료의 역할 (Radioimmunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer)

  • 최익준
    • Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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    • 제61권12호
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    • pp.637-643
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    • 2018
  • Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is a therapy that takes advantage of the "cross-fire" effect of emitted radiation by radionuclides conjugated to tumor-directed monoclonal antibodies (mAb) (including those fragments) or peptides. While RIT has been successfully employed for the treatment of lymphoma, mostly with radiolabeled antibodies against CD20 [$^{90}yttrium$ ($^{90}Y$)-ibritumomab tiuxetan; $Zevalin^{(R)}$ and $^{131}iodine$ ($^{131}I)-tositumomab$; $Bexxar^{(R)}$], its use in solid tumors is more challenging, so far. Immuno-PET, a tool for tracking and quantification of mAbs with PET in vivo, is an exciting novel option to improve diagnostic imaging and guide mAb-based therapy. RIT in solid tumors including head and neck cancer may be an alternative treatment with advances in various biological, chemical, and treatment procedures, and it may help to reduce unnecessary exposure and enhance the therapeutic efficacy. Also, immuno-PET based on RIT might play an important role in cancer staging, in patients or targets selection of targeted therapeutics and in monitoring the response of targeted therapeutics as precision medicine. In this review, fundamentals of RIT/immune-PET and current knowledge of the preclinical/clinical trials in RIT for solid tumor including head and neck cancer are reviewed.

유방암 줄기세포 개념 및 제한점 (Concept and limitation of breast cancer stem cells)

  • 김종빈;안정신;임우성;문병인
    • Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.46-50
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    • 2018
  • Cancer, a leading mortality disease following cardiovascular disease worldwide, has high incidence as one out of every four adults in Korea. It was known to be caused by several reasons including somatic mutation, activation of oncogene and chromosome aneuploidy. Cancer cells show a faster growth rate and have metastatic and heterogeneous cell populations compared to normal cells. Cancer stem cells, the most invested field in cancer biology, is a theory to explain heterogeneous cell populations of cancer cells among several characteristics of cancer cells, which is providing the theoretical background for incidence of cancer and treatment failure by drug resistance. Cancer stem cells initially explain heterogeneous cell populations of cancer cells based on the same markers of normal stem cells in cancer, in which only cancer stem cells showed heterogeneity of cancer cells and tumor initiating ability of leukemia. Based on these results, cancer stem cells were reported in various solid cancers such as breast cancer, liver cancer, and lung cancer. Breast cancer stem cells were first reported in solid cancer which had tumor initiating ability and further identified as anti-cancer drug resistance. There were several identification methods in breast cancer stem cells such as specific surface markers and culture methods. The discovery of cancer stem cells not only explains heterogeneity of cancer cells, but it also provides theoretical background for targeting cancer stem cells to complete elimination of cancer cells. Many institutes have been developing new anticancer drugs targeting cancer stem cells, but there have not been noticeable results yet. Many researchers also reported a necessity for improvement of current concepts and methods of research on cancer stem cells. Herein, we discuss the limitations and the perspectives of breast cancer stem cells based on the current concept and history.

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Solid-Phase Extraction of Sarcosine as Prostate Cancer Biomarker from Human Urine

  • Hashemi-Moghaddam, Hamid;Rahimian, Majid;Niromand, Bahman
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제34권8호
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    • pp.2330-2334
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    • 2013
  • A highly selective molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for sarcosine, a cancer marker, was prepared and its use as solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbent material was demonstrated. The MIP was prepared by a very simple procedure using methacrylic acid as functional monomer and a mixture acetonitrile/water (4/1, v/v) as porogen, overcoming in this way the problems usually related to the imprinting of biological polar compounds. The MIP was tested in batch experiments in order to evaluate its binding properties and then used as SPE sorbent for the selective clean-up and pre-concentration of sarcosine. The extraction protocol was successfully applied to the direct extraction of sarcosine from spiked human urine indicating that the MIP allowed sarcosine to be pre-concentrated while simultaneously interfering compounds were removed from the matrix.

Metabolic Challenges in Anticancer CD8 T Cell Functions

  • Andrea M. Amitrano;Minsoo Kim
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.9.1-9.15
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    • 2023
  • Cancer immunotherapies continue to face numerous obstacles in the successful treatment of solid malignancies. While immunotherapy has emerged as an extremely effective treatment option for hematologic malignancies, it is largely ineffective against solid tumors due in part to metabolic challenges present in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells face fierce competition with cancer cells for limited nutrients. The strong metabolic suppression in the TME often leads to impaired T-cell recruitment to the tumor site and hyporesponsive effector functions via T-cell exhaustion. Growing evidence suggests that mitochondria play a key role in CD8+ T-cell activation, migration, effector functions, and persistence in tumors. Therefore, targeting the mitochondrial metabolism of adoptively transferred T cells has the potential to greatly improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies in treating solid malignancies.

식이내 페놀류들이 생체조직의 산화상태와 항암작용에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Dietary Phenols on Body Tissue Oxidative State and Cancer Prevention)

  • 김갑순
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.74-81
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    • 1997
  • 본 연구에서는 phenol이 암 예방에 어떻게 영향을 미치는가를 규명하고자 시도하였으며 phenol이 TBARS에 미치는 영향, TBRAS와 암과의 상관관계 규명에 촛점을 맞추었다. 식이 phenol이 조직산화와 종양 발생(tumor onset)에 미치는 영향을 측정하기 위하여 영양적으로 우수한 amino acid-based diet와 transgenic mouse model을 이용한 protocol을 사용하였다. Mice는 human lymphotropic virus(type-1) transactivator(texl) gene을 carry하며 동시에 종양이 외불 나타난다. 25마리의 transgenic mice를 대조군, 2, 4, 8 mmol catechin/kg diet 군 및 wine soled 군으로 구분하였으며, 대조군은 catechin과 wine solid를 전혀 주지 않았으며, wine solid 군은 redwine 750 ml/kg을 주었다. Mice는 매일 관찰하여 맨 처음 종양이 발현하는 날짜를 기록하였다. Catechin과 wine solid를 섭취한 mice에서 종양이 발현하는 시기가 대조군보다 유의적으로 낮았으며 더욱이 4 mmol catechin diet 군과 8 mmol catechin diet 군에서는 실험기간동안 각각 1마리에서 종양이 발견되지 않았다. Catechin과 wine solid를 섭취한 mice의 뇌조직과 비장의 TBARS 수준은 대조군 mice의 동일한 조직과 비교하였을 때 유의적으로 낮았다. 또한 조직의 TBARS 수준은 종양 발생과 유의적으로 상관관계가 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 phenol의 종류에 상관없이 식이 phenol에 조직의 항산화(산화억제)를 통해 암 예방(cancer prevention)에 영향을 미친다는 것을 제시해준다.

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Prognostic Role of Hepatoma-derived Growth Factor in Solid Tumors of Eastern Asia: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  • Bao, Ci-Hang;Liu, Kun;Wang, Xin-Tong;Ma, Wei;Wang, Jian-Bo;Wang, Cong;Jia, Yi-Bin;Wang, Na-Na;Tan, Bing-Xu;Song, Qing-Xu;Cheng, Yu-Feng
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제16권5호
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    • pp.1803-1811
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    • 2015
  • Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) is a novel jack-of-all-trades in cancer. Here we quantify the prognostic impact of this biomarker and assess how consistent is its expression in solid tumors. A comprehensive search strategy was used to search relevant literature updated on October 3, 2014 in PubMed, EMBASE and WEB of Science. Correlations between HDGF expression and clinicopathological features or cancer prognosis was analyzed. All pooled HRs or ORs were derived from random-effects models. Twenty-six studies, primarily in Eastern Asia, covering 2,803 patients were included in the analysis, all of them published during the past decade. We found that HDGF overexpression was significantly associated with overall survival (OS) ($HR_{OS}=2.35$, 95%CI=2.04-2.71, p<0.001) and disease free survival (DFS) ($HR_{DFS}=2.25$, 95%CI =1.81-2.79, p<0.001) in solid tumors, especially in non-small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Moreover, multivariate survival analysis showed that HDGF overexpression was an independent predictor of poor prognosis ($HR_{OS}=2.41$, 95%CI: 2.02-2.81, p<0.001; $HR_{DFS}=2.39$, 95%CI: 1.77-3.24, p<0.001). In addition, HDGF overexpression was significantly associated with tumor category (T3-4 versus T1-2, OR=2.12, 95%CI: 1.17-3.83, p=0.013) and lymph node status (N+ versus N-, OR=2.37, 95%CI: 1.31-4.29, p=0.03) in CCA. This study provides a comprehensive examination of the literature available on the association of HDGF overexpression with OS, DFS and some clinicopathological features in solid tumors. Meta-analysis results provide evidence that HDGF may be a new indicator of poor cancer prognosis. Considering the limitations of the eligible studies, other large-scale prospective trials must be conducted to clarify the prognostic value of HDGF in predicting cancer survival.

서로 다른 분엽에 동시에 발생한 유두성과 여포성 갑상선암 -증례보고- (Simultaneous Occurrence of Papillary and Follicular Thyroid Cancer - A Case Report -)

  • 정희석;임성철;조현진
    • 대한두경부종양학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.52-55
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    • 2001
  • We present a case of a mixed papillary and follicular thyroid cancer in a 45-year-old female presented with palpable mass on anterior neck area for 1 week ago. Neck CT and ultrasonogram revealed small solid masses in the both lobes of the thyroid gland. Thyroid scintigraphy presents as a cold nodule in the right lobe of the thyroid gland and FNA cytology demonstrated papillary thyroid cancer. At the time of operation, small sized solid masses were detected in the both lobes, and no cervical lymph nodes enlargement along the mass. Biopsies of the both mass demonstrated papillary cancer on right lobe and follicular cancer on left lobe. Simultaneous papillary and follicular thyroid cancer is an extremely rare clinical entity. We experienced a case of simultaneous papillary and follicular thyroid cancer, so we report it with a review of some articles.

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Radiotherapy for gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: dosimetric comparison and risk assessment of solid secondary cancer

  • Bae, Sun Hyun;Kim, Dong Wook;Kim, Mi-Sook;Shin, Myung-Hee;Park, Hee Chul;Lim, Do Hoon
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.78-89
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    • 2017
  • Purpose: To determine the optimal radiotherapy technique for gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma), we compared the dosimetric parameters and the risk of solid secondary cancer from scattered doses among anterior-posterior/ posterior-anterior parallel-opposed fields (AP/PA), anterior, posterior, right, and left lateral fields (4_field), 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) using noncoplanar beams, and intensity-modulated radiotherapy composed of 7 coplanar beams (IMRT_co) and 7 coplanar and noncoplanar beams (IMRT_non). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively generated 5 planning techniques for 5 patients with gastric MALToma. Homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), and mean doses of the kidney and liver were calculated from the dose-volume histograms. Applied the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation VII report to scattered doses, the lifetime attributable risk (LAR) was calculated to estimate the risk of solid secondary cancer. Results: The best value of CI was obtained with IMRT, although the HI varied among patients. The mean kidney dose was the highest with AP/PA, followed by 4_field, 3D-CRT, IMRT_co, and IMRT_non. On the other hand, the mean liver dose was the highest with 4_field and the lowest with AP/PA. Compared with 4_field, the LAR for 3D-CRT decreased except the lungs, and the LAR for IMRT_co and IMRT_non increased except the lungs. However, the absolute differences were much lower than <1%. Conclusion: Tailored RT techniques seem to be beneficial because it could achieve adjacent organ sparing with very small and clinically irrelevant increase of secondary solid cancer risk compared to the conventional techniques.