• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.72-77
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• 1999

To investigate soil bacterial diversity according to vegelalioo types, utilizing ability of sole carbon sources and restriction enzyme patterns of 16s rDNA were analyzed. From the both results; five kinds of soil microbial communities were grouped as forest soil (Quercus mongolica and Pinus densi&ra vegetation), grass-agricultured soil and microbial communities of naked soil. But, both soil microbial communities of directily exlracted from ths soil and indirectly extracted from heterotrophic bacteria that cultured soil in LB medium showed very different similarity.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.87-92
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• 2001

For the biological treatment of industrial wastewater containing high concentration of phenol, isolation and characterization of phenol - degrading bacterium were carried out. A bacterial strain P2 capable of degrading phenol was isolated from contaminated soils by enrichment culture technique and identified as the genus Rhodococcus by morphological, cultural, biochemical characteristics, and Biolog system. The optimal medium composition and cultural conditions for the growth and degradation of phenol by Rhodococcus sp. P2 were 0.1% of (NH$_4$)$_2$SO$_4$, 0.2% of KH$_2$PO$_4$, 0.25% of Na$_2$HPO$_4$ㆍ12$H_2O$, 0.2% of MgSO$_4$ㆍ7$H_2O$, and 0.008% of CaC1$_2$ㆍ2$H_2O$ along with initial pH 8.5 at 3$0^{\circ}C$. Rhodococcus sp. P2 could grow with phenol as the sole carbon source up to 1,800 ppm in batch cultures, but did not grow in medium containing above 2,000 ppm of phenol. When 800 ppm phenol was given in the optimal media, Rhodococcus sp. P2 completely degraded it within 24 h. Meanwhile, 1,800 ppm of phenol was degraded within 9 days. Rhodococcus sp. P2 could utilize toluene, n-hexane, xylene and benzene as sole carbon source .

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.427-435
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• 1999

Spermatogenesis and fine structure of the spermatozoon of the marbled sole, Limanda yokohamae were examined by means of the scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The process of spermatogenesis of the marbled tole is similar to that of other teleost with external fertilization. During the spermiogenesis, chromatin that has been became fine]y granular progressively condenses into many large globules and that homogeneously condensed in the spermatozoan head. A spermatozoon consists of head and tail, and the acrosome is absent. The cytoplasmic collar contained eight mitochondria is observed in the posterior part of the head. The well -developed axonemal lateral fins are observed in the tail. In the TEM observation, the cross section of the axial filament shows '9+2' axonemal structure of microtubules, and the numerous vesicles are observed in the cytoplasm.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.275-287
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• 2009

Objectives : In order to observe clinical effects, carboxytherapy and electroacupuncture, we analyzed relation effect and patients' character, and researched correlation among reduction of BFM(Body Fat Mass), WHR(Waist-Hip Ratio) and AC(Arm Circumference). Methods : Among outpatients who had admitted to department of oriental rehabilitation medicine, Dae-Jeon oriental medicine hospital, Dae-Jeon university from January to September, 2008 for obesity treatment and abdominal fat, 44 subjects were chosen and carboxytherapy and electroacupuncture were practiced concurrently. Results : 1. The group under the concurrent practice of carboxytherapy and electroacupuncture showed significant decrease in BFM, BFR(Body Fat Rate), WHR and AC. 2. The group under the concurrent practice of carboxytherapy and electroacupuncture did not show statistical significance but showed decrease in BFM, WHR. The degree of decrease was proportional to that of obesity. 3. As AC decreased, BFM, WHR reduction tended to increase as well in the group under the concurrent practice of carboxytherapy and electroacupuncture. 4. Compared to the group under the sole practice of electroacupuncture, the group under the concurrent practice of carboxytherapy and electroacupuncture showed less change in BFM reduction and greater change in WHR reduction. Conclusions : From the above results, the concurrent practice of carboxytherapy and electroacupuncture had an effect on obesity and reducing abdominal fat, but did not show statistically significant decrease compare to the sole practice of electroacupuncture.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.498-505
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• 2012

This study uses the mitochondrial DNA control region to identify the genetic diversity and population structure of the marbled soles (Pleuronectes yokohamae) that inhabit Jinhae Bay and Yokji Island in the nearby sea and the adjacent waters of Namhae, Hansan Island, and Jaran Bay. Direct sequencing of the PCR products revealed 379 bp sequences with 83 variable nucleotide sites, defining a total of 91 haplotypes. The haplotype diversity was high, ranging from $0.917{\pm}0.031$ to $0.983{\pm}0.008$, and nucleotide diversity ranged from $0.015{\pm}0.008$ to $0.024{\pm}0.012$. In addition, 48 haplotypes (52.7%) were unique. Pairwise $F_{ST}$ values were very low, with the maximum value occurring between PYH (Hansan Island) and PJI (Jinhae Bay) ($F_{ST}$ = 0.011). Therefore, no significant genetic differentiation was evident between any pair of sampling localities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.939-944
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• 1994

The change of major organic acid contents were examined in mackerel, pacific yellow croaker and brown sole on heating conditions. The organic acid contents of mackerel were the higher that the others. The content of lactic acid was the highest in all samples commonly and that of succinic acid was second level and these organic acids were over 95% of total organic acid. The content of ${\alpha}-ketoglutaric$ acid was higher acid content was greater with higher heating temperature. Decreasing of organic acid content was higher at steamed and first heating than warmed and rewarmed.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 2004

1. Objectives The Excessive sweating or Hyperhidrosis is a state of abnormal sweating on palm, sole and axillary region. But we do not know the exact cause and the healing method of that. It is known that the only treatment of Excessive sweating is surgical sympathectomy and a thoracic sympathetic gan-glion block with neurolytics. 2. Methods We have three case-reports of the patients who have the excessive sweating. 3. Results In this study the patients classified by Sasang constitutional medicine had a notable medical effects. And in the result, any symptom is not remained. 4. Conclusions So we report the healing processes and results of these patients in this study.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.178-185
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• 2017

Nitrogen is one of the most important mineral elements for plant growth. We studied the functional roles of Oryza sativa DNA BINDING WITH ONE FINGER 18 (OsDOF18) in controlling ammonium uptake. The growth of null mutants of OsDOF18 was retarded in a medium containing ammonium as the sole nitrogen source. In contrast, those mutants grew normally in a medium with nitrate as the sole nitrogen source. The gene expression was induced by ammonium but not by nitrate. Uptake of ammonium was lower in osdof18 mutants than in the wild type, while that of nitrate was not affected by the mutation. This indicated that OsDOF18 is involved in regulating ammonium transport. Among the 10 ammonium transporter genes examined here, expression of OsAMT1;1, OsAMT1;3, OsAMT2;1, and OsAMT4;1 was reduced in osdof18 mutants, demonstrating that the ammonium transporter genes function downstream of OsDOF18. Genes for nitrogen assimilation were also affected in the mutants. These results provide evidence that OsDOF18 mediates ammonium transport and nitrogen distribution, which then affects nitrogen use efficiency.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.311-317
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• 2007

In this study, the effects of phosphate concentration and carbon source on the patterns of alkaline phosphatase (APase) and phospholipase (PLase) expression in Vibrio vulnificus ATCC 29307 were assessed under various conditions. The activities of these enzymes were repressed by excess phosphate (4 mM) in the culture medium, but this repression was reversed upon the onset of phosphate starvation in low phosphate defined medium (LPDM) containing 0.2 mM of phosphate at approximately the end of the exponential growth phase. The expressions of the two enzymes were also influenced by different carbon sources, including glucose, fructose, maltose, glycerol, and sodium acetate at different levels. The APase activity was derepressed most profoundly in LPDM containing fructose as a sole carbon source. However, the repression/derepression of the enzyme by phosphate was not observed in media containing glycerol or sodium acetate. In LPDM-glycerol or sodium acetate, the growth rate was quite low. The highest levels of PLase activity were detected in LPDM-sodium acetate, followed by LPDM-fructose. PLase was not fully repressed by high phosphate concentrations when sodium acetate was utilized as the sole carbon source. These results showed that multiple regulatory systems, including the phosphate regulon, may perform a function in the expression of both or either APase and PLC, in the broader context of the survival of V. vulnificus.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.182-195
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• 2017

Purpose: This study explores school nurses' emergency care experiences and their needs for systemic institutional support. Methods: Data were collected in 2016 from the interviews with five focus groups comprising thirty school nurses. Qualitative content analysis was then performed using the collected data. Results: The study found that school nurses were vulnerable to over-reaction in uncertain situations as the school's sole health service provider. The study's findings are divided into ten categories. 1) Major obstacles to overcome as the sole health service provider, 2) Assessing an uncertain situation and making appropriate decisions, 3) Providing limited first aid while maintaining control over the situation, 4) Referring or transferring a student to a hospital that creates tensions and raises cost, 5) Becoming an advocate for information disclosure and treatment, 6) Ensuring follow-up actions and proper transfer of responsibility, 7) Making preparations for future emergency, 8) Responding to conflicts arising from over-reaction as a safeguard and professional expertise, 9) Need for the development of standardized manual for school emergency care, 10) Need for practical case-based training. Conclusion: The findings of this study should contribute to the development of the programs aimed at improving school emergency care and the professional competence of school nurse.