• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.688-696
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• 2009

In this study, a new class of polyurethane (PU) nanofibers containing silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) was synthesized by electrospinning. A simple method that did not depending on additional foreign chemicals was used to self synthesize the silver NPs in/on PU nanofibers. The synthesis of silver NPs was carried out by exploiting the reduction ability of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), which is used mainly to decompose silver nitrate to silver NPs. Typically, a sol-gel consisting of $AgNO_3$/PU was electrospun and aged for one week. Silver NPs were created in/on PU nanofibers. SEM confirmed the well oriented nanofibers and good dispersion of pure silver NPs. TEM indicated that the Ag NPs were 5 to 20 nm in diameter. XRD demonstrated the good crystalline features of silver metal. The mechanical properties of the nanofiber mats showed improvement with increasing silver NPs content. The fixedness of the silver NPs obtained on PU nanofibers was examined by harsh successive washing of the as-prepared mats using a large amount of water. The results confirmed the good stability of the synthesized nanofiber mats. Two model organisms, E. coli and S. typhimurium, were used to check the antimicrobial influence of these nanofiber mats. Subsequently, antimicrobial tests indicated that the prepared nanofibers have a high bactericidal effect. Accordingly, these results highlight the potential use of these nanofiber mats as antimicrobial agents.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.524-528
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• 2006

On the synthesis of Au/$TiO_2$ core-shell structure nanoparticle, the effect of concentration of $Ti^{4+}$ and reaction temperature on the morphology and optical property of Au/$TiO_2$ core-shell nanoparticles is examined. A gold colloid was prepared by $HAuCl_4{\cdot}4H_2O\;and\;C_6H_5Na_3{\cdot}2H_2O$. Titanium stock solution was prepared by mixing solution of titanium(IV) isopropoxide (TTIP) and triethanolamine (TEOA). The concentrations of $Ti^{4+}$ stock solution were adjusted to $10.01{\sim}0.3$ mM, and then the gold colloid is added to the $Ti^{4+}$ stock solution. Au/$TiO_2$ core-shell structure nanoparticles could be prepared by the hydrolysis of the $Ti^{4+}$ stock solution at $80^{\circ}C$. The size of synthesized Au nanoparticles was 15 nm. The thickness of $TiO_2$ shell on the surface of gold particles was about 10 nm. The absorption peak of synthesized Au/$TiO_2$ core-shell nanoparticles shifted towards the red end of the spectrum by about 3 nm because of the formation of $TiO_2$ shell on the surface of gold particles. The good $TiO_2$ shell is produced when $Ti^{4+}$ concentration is varied between 0.01 and 0.05 mM, and reaction temperature is maintained at $80^{\circ}C$. The crystal structure of $TiO_2$ shell was amorphous.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.401-407
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• 2010

We studied the influence of different types of metal electrodes on the performance of solution-processed zinc tin oxide (ZTO) thin-film transistors. The ZTO thin-film was obtained by spin-coating the sol-gel solution made from zinc acetate and tin acetate dissolved in 2-methoxyethanol. Various metals, Al, Au, Ag and Cu, were used to make contacts with the solution-deposited ZTO layers by selective deposition through a metal shadow mask. Contact resistance between the metal electrode and the semiconductor was obtained by a transmission line method (TLM). The device based on an Al electrode exhibited superior performance as compared to those based on other metals. Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) allowed us to measure the work function of the oxide semiconductor to understand the variation of the device performance as a function of the types metal electrode. The solution-processed ZTO contained nanopores that resulted from the burnout of the organic species during the annealing. This different surface structure associated with the solution-processed ZTO gave a rise to a different work function value as compared to the vacuum-deposited counterpart. More oxygen could be adsorbed on the nanoporous solution-processed ZTO with large accessible surface areas, which increased its work function. This observation explained why the solution-processed ZTO makes an ohmic contact with the Al electrode.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2013

Superhydrophobic $SiO_2$ layers with a micro-nano hierarchical surface structure were prepared. $SiO_2$ layers deposited via an electrospray method combined with a sol-gel chemical route were rough on the microscale. Au particles were decorated on the surface of the microscale-rough $SiO_2$ layers by use of the photo-reduction process with different intensities ($0.11-1.9mW/cm^2$) and illumination times (60-240 sec) of ultraviolet light. With the aid of nanoscale Au nanoparticles, this consequently resulted in a micro-nano hierarchical surface structure. Subsequent fluorination treatment with a solution containing trichloro(1H,2H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl)silane fluorinated the hierarchical $SiO_2$ layers. The change in surface roughness factor was in good agreement with that observed for the water contact angle, where the surface roughness factor developed as a measure needed to evaluate the degree of surface roughness. The resulting $SiO_2$ layers revealed excellent repellency toward various liquid droplets with different surface tensions ranging from 46 to 72.3 mN/m. Especially, the micro-nano hierarchical surface created at an illumination intensity of $0.11mW/cm^2$ and illumination time of 60 sec showed the largest water contact angle of $170^{\circ}$. Based on the Cassie-Baxter and Young-Dupre equations, the surface fraction and work of adhesion for the micronano hierarchical $SiO_2$ layers were evaluated. The work of adhesion was estimated to be less than $3{\times}10^{-3}N/m$ for all the liquid droplets. This exceptionally small work of adhesion is likely to be responsible for the strong repellency of the liquids to the micro-nano hierarchical $SiO_2$ layers.

• 폴리머
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.542-548
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• 2003

미생물을 배양하여 불포화 폴리히드록시알칸오에이트 (PHAs)를 생합성하고 이 고분자를 유화상태에서 자발적인 용매 확산방법을 이용한 나노입자의 제조와 다양한 실험적 변수가 입자형성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 조사하였다. 생합성된 고분자의 물리화학적 특성은 핵 자기 공명 분광계, ATR 적외선 분광분석, 시차 주사 열분석, 젤 투과크로마토그래피로 확인하였으며, 나노입자의 형태는 주사 전자 현미경을 통하여 관찰하였고 입자크기 및 분포는 전기영동 광산란 광도계를 사용하여 확인하였다. 초음파의 강도와 시간이 증가함에 따라 나노입자의 평균 입자직경은 감소하였고 고분자용액의 농도, 유화제의 검화도와 중합도의 증가에 따라서 나노입자의 평균 입자직경은 증가하였고 유화제의 농도 2∼4%에서 평균 입자직경이 최소였으며, 비용매인 에탄올의 첨가가 양용매인 클로로포름만 첨가하였을 때보다 평균 입자직경이 감소하는 것을 관찰하였다.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.14-17
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• 2006

졸겔법을 이용하여 $AIFeO_3$ 단일상을 제조하였으며, 그 결정학적 및 자기적 특성을 X선 회절법(XRD), 진동 시료 자화율 측정법(VSM), 뫼스바우어 분광법으로 연구하였다. 결정구조는 공간군이 $Pna2_1$ orthorhombic 구조로 분석되었으며, 격자 상수는 각각 $a_0=4.983\;{\AA},\;b_0=8.554\;{\AA},\;c_0=9.239\;{\AA}$임을 알 수 있었다. VSM을 이용하여 65K에서부터 상온까지 여러 온도 구간에서 자기이력곡선을 측정하였으며, 강자성 특성과 함께 저온영역에서 자기 이력 곡선의 비대칭성이 관측되었다. 온도에 따른 자기모멘트 측정 결과로부터 자기전이온도는 250k로 결정하였다. 뫼스바우어 스펙트럼은 4.2K에서부터 상온까지의 온도 영역에서 측정하였으며, 분석 결과 상온에서 이성질체 이동치는 0.32mm/s로 철의 이온상태가 ferric임을 확인할 수 있었다. 온도변화에 따라 측정된 뫼스바우어 스펙트럼 분석은 온도에 따라 선폭이 증가함이 관측되었는데, 이러한 흡수선의 비대칭적 선폭 증가는 1개의 사면체자리와 3개의 팔면체 자리의 Fe이온 분포와 각 부격자간 자기이방성 에너지 차이에 따른 결과로 해석된다.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.221-225
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• 2003

통상적인 rf 스파터 장비와 YIG 타켓으로 수 $\mu\textrm{m}$의 Fe-Y-O 비정질상을 Ga-Gd Garnet(GGG) (111) 기판위에 만든 다음 550-105$0^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 대기 중 열처리할 때 열처리온도가 결정특성과 자기특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다 .Fe-Y-O 비정질상의 결정화온도는 졸-겔 분말의 결정화온도보다 훨씬 낮은 600-$650^{\circ}C$이었으며, $650^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 열처리하면 YIG(888)면의 피크의 강도는 GGG(888) 면 회절강도의 80%정도이고 YIG(888)면의 록킹곡선의 반가폭도 0.14$^{\circ}$보다 작아 YIG박막의 우수한 에피택시성장을 확인하였다. 열처리온도가 높을 경우 격자상수가 작아지면서 YIG(888)면의 회절선이 강해지고 좁아져서 높은 온도가 YIG박막의 고상에피택시성장에 유리하였으며 이것은 자화곡선에서도 확인되었다. 또한 높은 온도에서 열처리된 박막에서 수직이방성이 유도되었으며 이것은 기판과 박막의 0.15%의 격자불일치 때문에 생기는 것이다.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.408-415
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• 2009

졸-겔 방법을 사용하여 Fe-ACF/$TiO_2$ 복합체 광촉매를 제조하였다. 여러 가지 철 전구체를 사용하여 세가지 Fe-ACF/$TiO_2$ 복합체를 제조하고 BET, SEM, XRD 및 EDX를 사용하여 특성화 하였다. UV 조사에서 Rh.B 용액의 분해에 의거하여 Fe-ACF/$TiO_2$ 복합체의 광촉매 특성을 파악 하였다. 실험 결과로부터, Fe-ACF/$TiO_2$ 복합체는 ACF/$TiO_2$ 복합체 보다 Rh.B의 제거 효과가 더 우수함을 나타내었다. 또한 여러 가지 Fe 전구체 사용으로 인한 Fe 원소의 포토-펜톤 효과는 다르게 나타났다. $FeCl_3$을 사용하여 제조된 Fe-ACF/$TiO_2$ 복합체는 가장 우수한 포토-펜톤 효과를 나타내었고, pH 변화에 의존하여 Rh.B 용액 분해에 대하여 영향을 주었다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.210-214
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• 2012

Mass production-capable $Li_2MnSiO_4$ powder was synthesized for use as cathode material in state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. These batteries are main powder sources for high tech-end digital electronic equipments and electric vehicles in the near future and they must possess high specific capacity and durable charge-discharge characteristics. Amorphous silicone was quite superior to crystalline one as starting material to fabricate silicone oxide with high reactivity between precursors of sol-gel type reaction intermediates. The amorphous silicone starting material also has beneficial effect of efficiently controlling secondary phases, most notably $Li_xSiO_x$. Lastly, carbon was coated on $Li_2MnSiO_4$ powders by using sucrose to afford some improved electrical conductivity. The carbon-coated $Li_2MnSiO_4$ cathode material was further characterized using SEM, XRD, and galvanostatic charge/discharge test method for morphological and electrochemical examinations. Coin cell was subject to 1.5-4.8 V at C/20, where 74 mAh/g was observed during primary discharge cycle.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1589-1595
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• 2010

In order to effective degradation of organic dye both under visible light or ultrasonic irradiation, the MWCNTs (multiwalled carbon nanotube) deposited with Fe and $TiO_2$ were prepared by a modified sol-gel method. The Fe/$TiO_2$-MWCNT catalyst was characterized by surface area of BET, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. The low intensity visible light and low power ultrasound was as an irradiation source and the methylene blue (MB) was choose as the model organic dye. Then degradation experiments were carried out in present of undoped $TiO_2$, Fe/$TiO_2$ and Fe/$TiO_2$-MWCNT catalysts. Through the degradation of MB solution, the results showed the feasible and potential use of Fe/$TiO_2$-MWCNT catalyst under visible light and ultrasonic irradiation due to the enhanced formation of reactive radicals as well as the possible visible light and the increase of ultrasound-induced active surface area of the catalyst. After addition of $H_2O_2$, the MB degradation rates have been accelerated, especially with Fe/$TiO_2$-MWCNT catalyst, in case of that the photo-Fenton reaction occurred. The sonophotocatalysis was always faster than the respective individual processes due to the more formation of reactive radicals as well as the increase of the active surface area of Fe/$TiO_2$-MWCNT catalyst.