• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.67-72
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• 1995

To select the highest yield soiling type forage, the yield performance of selected sorghum-sudangrass hybrids imported in 1992 have been evaluated at Chonnam region. The soiling type hybrids used in this experiment were TE-haygrazer, FP-5 Sudan, Sweet sioux V, and X -78050. Three different cuttings were done on July 6, August 6 and September 16 in 1992. This trial was arranged as a randomized complete block design with three replications under taken over a period 5 months from May to September in 1992. The results of this experiment were summarized as follows: The hybrids tested were not significantly different by plant height, leaf blade length, leaf blade width and stem diameter. In the first cutting, dry matter yield of FP-5 Sudan was the highest. In the second and third cutting, dry matter yield of Sweet sioux V was the highest among hybrids. The contents of crude protein, hemicellulose, relative feeding value(RFV), and amino acid were the highest by the first cutting, but NDF and ADF were shown the lowest.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.16-24
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• 1991

The textile fabric have the functions of sanitation, decoration, wearing style and washing in the practical use. Among various texitle fiber, silk has less utilities than synthetic fiber in practical use although silk has good benefits of the high quality. Thus no textile fiber, neither natural nor synthetic, has all the functions. In this sence, many blend yarns have been improved various functions of fabric. However, this has been disturbed with the problem of dyeing, especially in the case of blend fabric of silk. In this study, we dyed silk/PET blend fabric in one step useing one bath dyeing method by acid dyes/disperse dyes. The results of the experiments can be summarized as follows; 1) Yellow index of silk fabric treated at $130^{\circ}C$ increased about 7.8 (color difference 4.5 NBS) and whiteness decrease about 5%. 2) Both elongation and tensile strength of silk fabric treated at $130^{\circ}C$ of pH 5-6 decreased about 10% and tensile strength of silk spun yarn treated at $60^{\circ}C$ of pH 10 have little changed. 3) While silk/PET blend frbric dyeing, silk soiling of disperse dyes causes from difference of dyeing rate and degree of silk soiling with dyes. 4) Fastness and soiling of silk/PET blend fabric dyed by one bath dyeing method of acid dyes/disperse dyes was same as two bath dyeing method.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.309-316
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• 1999

This Study was carried out to compare growth characteristics and yield of 10 cultivated soybean varieties, Jinpum I, Jinpum II, Hwanggum, Gumjung I, Gumjung II, Seukryangboot, Jangyup, Gumjungol, Bokwang, Manri for improvement of soiling crop. Plant height of Gumjung I(118cm), Gumjung II(114cm) and Jinpum I(114cm) were taller than other varieties based on dough stage. In total fresh weight and DM yield of Jinpum I, Jinpum II, Gumjung II were the highest of all varieties as 23,841kg, 23,499kg and 22,815kg per hectare, and 5,531kg, 5,173kg and 5,236kg per hectare, respectively. The highest leaf/stem ratio of ten soybean varieties were Manri(2.1), Jinpum I(1.9) and Hwanggum(1.9). Except early matured varieties, Seukryangboot(25.9%) and Gumjungol(25.4%), dry matter percent at dough stage were in the range of 22.0~23.4%. According to plant height, fresh weight, dry matter yield, and leaf/stem ratio, Jinpum I and Gumjung II were proper varieties to improve soiling crop.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.495-500
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• 2007

Recently we are interest in organic farming of rice. The technology of paper mulching was practised without herbicide in machine transplanting cultivation of paddy. A field experiment was conducted in Gangseo series (coarse loamy, mixed, nonacid, mesic family of Aquic Fluventic Eutrochrepts) at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, Suwon, Gyeonggi province, Republic of Korea in 2004. This experiment was carried out to evaluate soil redox potential, weed control and rice growth by the different organic matter in paper mulching transplanting. Compost, rice straw and soiling rye were incorporated as organic matter. The nitrogen amount of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) plot was 80% compared with nitrogen amount ($110kg\;ha^{-1}$) of conventional fertilization. Mulching paper consisted of recycled paper which was coated with biodegradable plastics. There were no difference between conventional rice transplanting and paper mulching on missing hills after organic matter application. Weed control were the highest at added soiling rye plot. The redox potential of soil was the lowest in rice straw + CRF 80% plot at tillering stage. The $NH_4{^+}-N$ in soil was the highest at soiling rye + CRF 80% tillering stage. There was no difference in yield between soiling rye + CRF 80%, compost + CRF 80% and conventional fertilization plot.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.60-72
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• 2020

The Inscribed stones of Hanyangdoseong has been weathered for a long time because of external environment and living organisms. To establish a long-term conservation-management strategy for the inscription stones, the material characteristics of the inscription stones of Naksan Mountain Area were identified, and its deterioration state was diagnosed. Consequently, it was confirmed that the Inscription stones of Naksan Mountain Area mainly comprised coarse-to medium-grained pinkish granite and biotite granite, and, in part, comprised reddish granite, quartz porphyry, and aplite. Presently, the Inscription stones of Naksan Mountain Area, Hanyangdoseong, is undergoing a considerable decrease in physical properties because of physical, chemical, and biological weathering. Moreover, it has been confirmed that the type of damage, such as blistering, soiling, and dicolouration, on the surface shows a significantly high deterioration rate, and that conservation treatment might be required in future. In addition, because the possibility of damage recurrence is high even after the treatment, the conservation state must be regularly monitored.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.527-536
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• 2017

This study investigated the detergency and functionality of laminating finished fabrics for outdoor wear based on repeated washing. Laminating finished fabrics were selected as the main fabrics for outdoor wear and used as test fabrics. The effects of outdoor exclusive detergent and normal neutral detergent were examined according to washing time, temperature, rpm and detergent concentration based on the use of a Terg-O-Tometer. Re-soiling of the test fabrics was measured by Florio-Mersereau. Permeability, water repellency, water resistance and absorbency were estimated to measure improvements and effects in regards to outdoor exclusive detergent in optimal washing conditions. The detergent effect of outdoor exclusive detergent was superior compared to normal neutral detergent. Re-soiling was lower with exclusive outdoor detergent than with normal neutral detergent. The measurement of functionality for laminating finished fabrics before and after washing indicated that functionality was decreased with repeated washing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.9_10
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• pp.1093-1100
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• 2003

Following a treatment with edible oils and/or washing, the tensile properties of vulcanized rubber were measured to assess the effect of the sorbed edible oil. Rubber soiled with soybean oil, after 8 weeks storage in a 30$^{\circ}C$ incubator, retained 61% of its original strength, and rubber soiled and washed retained the 73%. The strength of the rubber soiled with oil decreased remarkably during the first 2 weeks. After repeating this soiling and/or washing 7 times, the soiled rubber had only 16％ of its original strength, the rubber soiled and washed had 45%. In all cases, breaking elongations were not decreased as much as tensile strengths; therefore , more of the elasticity of the rubber remained than did the strength. From these results it is concluded that washing after soiling with oils is very helpful in maintaining the strength of rubber. In this study, three different surfactant solutions, AS, AE and AS/AE, were used. In the AS solution, the contact angle of the soybean oil was greater and the work of the detergency was the smaller than in either the AE or the AS/AE solution, the loss of the strength of the rubber washed in AS solution did not decrease significantly. These results suggest that rolling-up, emulsification and solubilization also participate in the removal of oil from rubber.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.208-209
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.205-210
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• 2006

본 논문은 내구성(durability) 및 내오염성(soiling resistance)이 중요한 용지에 있어 재현성 및 반복성이 우수하고 합리적인 측정방법을 구축하는데 목적이 있다. 연구목적에 적합한 시료의 준비, 오염물의 조성, 실험장치 및 실험후의 타당한 평가방법 등에 대하여 선행 연구결과를 고찰하였고 기존 방법의 수정과 새로운 장치의 제작 및 평가방법을 통해 재현성이 높은 평가방법을 정립할 수 있었다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 1993

To determine the effects of potassium($K_2O$) fertilization level(0, 100, 200 and 300 kg/ha/year) on the growth, dry matter(DM) yield, nutritive value and nitrate nitrogen($NO_3$-N) concentration of grasses grown under shading condition, this experiment was carried out in Grassland Div., LES, 1989. The plants were sampled on different growing seasons (spring, summer and autumn) and growth stages (grazing and soiling), respectively. Shade was controlled artificially ca. 45-50%, and the level of nitrogen fertilization was 200 kg/ha/year in all treatments. Higher DM was produced in spring 1, 453 kg at grazing and 2, 364 kg/ha at soiling stage, and DM production was increased with increasing level of $K_2O$. In this experiment, the optimum amount of $K_2O$ fertilizer was 200 kg/ha. The neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, DM digestibility, and relative feed value of grasses were not affected by $K_2O$ fertilization, regardless of growing season and growth stage. The $NO_3$-N concentration of grasses grown in spring was very low (ca. 1.0%), regardless of growth stage and $K_2O$ level. However, $NO_3$-N concentration was very high in summer and autumn season, also $NO_3$-N was decreased significantly with increasing level of $K_2O$ fertilization (P<0.05). Application of $K_2O$ fertilizer, therefore, is thoughs to be desirable for reducing $NO_3$-N concentration of grasses, especially in summer and autumn season. So annual split fertilization of $K_2O$ could be recommended on woodland pasture.