• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.16-33
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• 1982

The major problems of chemical fertilizer supply and consumption involved in price policies since the end of World War II in Korea and their solutions were extensively discussed. The period was divided into three sub-periods: 1946-1960, 1961-1967 and 1968 to present. Since 1968 when the operations of three large-scaled fertilizer plants: Yongnam Chemical Co., Chinhae Chemical Co. and Hankuk Fertilizer Co. were begun in full scale, the domestic supply of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers were almost enough for the domestic demand. However, since 1976, when Namhae Chemical Co. was added to the production capacity, the fertilizer industry has been faced with the overproduction problem of nitrogen, and the high production cost due to high petroleum price, which gave financial difficulties. Several policy directions and alternative measures for solving the current problems were also suggested in this presentation.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.337-349
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• 2009

In recent years, the cutting and banking areas along the railway in Korea are exposed to the erosion problem during every year. The reinforcement is a composite construction material in which the strength of engineering fill is enhanced by the addition of strong tensile reinforcement in many different types. Various problems of the railway infrastructure have occurred due to the differential settlement, frost heaving, mud pumping, lack of bearing capacity, partially loss of embankment. In advanced countries, railway roadbed reinforcement is applied to solve these problems on railway roadbed. This paper presents the solution of such problems by means of the engineering works incorporated with railway reinforcement infrastructures such as geotextile bag method, existing grouting method, geocell, reinforced earth, soil nailing and so on.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2017

지금까지의 지반개량공법은 지반의 강도증진을 중점으로 개발되어 왔으며, 경제성과 취급 성이 우수한 시멘트계 안정재를 이용한 지반개량공법이 주로 사용되고 있다. 시멘트계 안정재를 이용한 지반개량 공법은 효과가 우수하지만 환경 및 인체에 유해한 물질이 검출되며 이산화탄소 배출 및 지하수 오염 등의 환경적인 문제가 지적되고 있다. 따라서, 이런 문제를 해결할 수 있는 대체 공법의 일환으로 생물학 기술을 접목한 지반개량공법의 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 이에 이 연구는 점성토에 친환경 고결제와 미생물을 혼합하였을 때의 강도변화 특성을 파악하고자 친환경 고결제와 미생물의 혼합여부와 양생일수에 따라 일축압축시험, 직접 전단시험, SEM 분석 및 X선 회절분석 등을 실시하였으며 시험결과 미생물의 탄산칼슘생성작용으로 인한 고결화와 그로 인한 장기강도증진을 확인하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2006

Currently, there are researches about environment-friendly road construction plans led by the Ministry of Construction and Transportation in progress. Therefore, in order to create the revegetation techniques of thin layer-soil combination media hydroseeding measures by actively using native herbs and native woody plants instead of using imported foreign grasses as a concept of sustainable environment-friendly land development, this thesis is going to identify problems that can appear when applying the thin- layer-soil-media hydroseeding measures by the suggested in the "Slope revegetation design and guidelines" proposed by the Ministry of Construction and Transportation, and to propose improvement plans for the problems.To this aim, a seeding mixture selection test was conducted by the goal of slope restoration, and a test group for artificial slope was created. As for a test for June sowing, it was intended to identify appropriate combination quantity by conducting a test that differentiates the combination quantity, and as for a test for September sowing, an artificial slope test was conducted by creating an artificial bank for earth and soil and applying 1~2cm and 3~4cm thickness after differentiating the seed combination volume and slope aspects.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2010

현재 노상토의 특성평가를 위한 실내실험은 주로 충격다짐방법을 적용한 Proctor다짐(A다짐 또는 D다짐)이 이용되고 있다. 그러나, 현장의 경우 로울러를 이용한 압착형태의 다짐방법이 이용된다. 이러한 실내다짐방법과 현장다짐방법의 차이는 결국 실내실험으로부터 결정된 노상토의 물성치 적용시 상당한 오차를 포함함을 의미한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 선회다짐기를 이용한 흙의 다짐평가를 시행하였다. 선회다짐기는 교통하중에 의해 발생하는 아스팔트 혼합물의 현장 밀도를 실내에서 재현하기 위해 제작된 것으로 현장에서 얻어지는 골재입자의 배열과 유사하게 다진다는 장점이 있다. 하지만, 선회다짐기는 초기 아스팔트 시편 제작을 위해 설계되었기 때문에 흙의 다짐도 평가에는 몇 가지 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 선회다짐기를 이용하여 흙의 다짐시험을 할 때 발생되는 문제점을 파악하고, 그 해결방안을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위하여 다짐압력, 다짐횟수, 다짐속도에 따른 다짐 전 후의 함수비 및 무게 차이를 비교하고, 다짐 후 함수비변화가 일어나지 않는 최대함수비를찾고, 다짐곡선 작도에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.130-136
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• 2020

There are many problems that occur currently in agriculture industries. The problems such as unexpected of changing weather condition, lack of labor, dry soil were some of the reasons that may cause the growth of the plants. Condition of the weather in local area is inconsistent due to the global warming effect thus affecting the production of the crops. Furthermore, the loss of farm labor to urban manufacturing jobs is also the problem in this industry. Besides, the condition for the plant like air humidity, air temperature, air quality index, and soil moisture are not being recorded automatically which is more reason for the need of implementation system to monitor the data for future research and development of agriculture industry. As of this, we aim to provide a solution by developing IoT-based platform along with the irrigation for increasing crop quality and productivity in agriculture field. We aim to develop a smart garden system environment which the system is able to auto-monitoring the humidity and temperature of surroundings, air quality and soil moisture. The system also has the capability of automating the irrigation process by analyzing the moisture of soil and the climate condition (like raining). Besides, we aim to develop user-friendly system interface to monitor the data collected from the respective sensor. We adopt an open source hardware to implementation and evaluate this research.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.388-396
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• 2017

A Lagrangian approach based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate large and/or sharp deformations and fragmentations of interfaces, including free surfaces, through tracing each particle with physical quantities. According to the concept of the particle-based CFD method, it is possible to apply it to both fluid particles and solid particles such as sand, gravel, and rock. However, the presence of more than two different phases in the same domain can make it complicated to calculate the interaction between different phases. In order to solve multiphase problems, particle interaction models for multiphase problems, including surface tension, buoyancy-correction, and interface boundary condition models, were newly adopted into the moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method. The newly developed MPS method was used to simulate a typical validation problem involving dam breaking. Because the soil and other particles, excluding the water, may have different viscosities, various viscosity coefficients were applied in the simulations for validation. The newly developed and validated MPS method was used to simulate the mobile beds induced by broken dam flows. The effects of the viscosity on soil particles were also investigated.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.379-390
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• 2018

In this study, a numerical approach based on mid-point integrated finite elements and a viscous boundary is proposed for time-domain wave-propagation analyses in infinite poroelastic media. The proposed approach is accurate, efficient, and easy to implement in time-domain analyses. In the approach, an infinite domain is truncated at some distance. The truncated domain is represented by mid-point integrated finite elements with real element-lengths and a viscous boundary is attached to the end of the domain. Given that the dynamic behaviors of the proposed model can be expressed in terms of mass, damping, and stiffness matrices only, it can be implemented easily in the displacement-based finite-element formulation. No convolutional operations are required for time-domain calculations because the coefficient matrices are constant. The proposed numerical approach is applied to typical wave-propagation and soil-structure interaction problems. The model is verified to produce accurate and stable results. It is demonstrated that the numerical approach can be applied successfully to nonlinear soil-structure interaction problems.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.217-231
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• 2018

Clayey soils with swelling and shrinkage characteristics have been major causes for many problems in roads, buildings and other civil engineering infrastructure in various areas of Pakistan, particularly where there are several patches of such soils on either side of Indus River. As the consistency characteristics are directly related with the variation of moisture content; therefore, this study was explicitly focused to investigate the effect of lime and wheat straw on the consistency characteristics of clayey soils with relatively high swelling and shrinkage characteristics. The consistency test results indicate that by the increase in lime content there is a decrease in the plasticity index of soil; for instance, 10% lime content resulted to 59% decrease in the plasticity index value. On the other hand; the addition of wheat straw resulted in a significant increase in the plasticity index; for instance, 10% wheat straw content resulted to a 120% increase in the plasticity index. This study has further shown that the shrinkage and swelling of clayey soils which resulting to several problems in the civil engineering infrastructures may adequately be managed through mixing an appropriate amount of lime and wheat straw as soil stabilizing agent for both immediate and long-term effects.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.229-252
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• 2010

In this paper, Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) effect is investigated using a new and integrated approach. Faster solution of time dependant differential equation of motion is achieved using numerical representation of wavelet theory while dynamic Infinite Elements (IFE) concept is utilized to effectively model the unbounded soil domain. Combination of the wavelet theory with IFE concept lead to a robust, efficient and integrated technique for the solution of complex problems. A direct method for soil-structure interaction analysis in a two dimensional medium is also presented in time domain using the frequency dependent transformation matrix. This matrix which represents the far field region is constructed by assembling stiffness matrices of the frequency dependant infinite elements. It maps the problem into the time domain where the equations of motion are to be solved. Accuracy of results obtained in this study is compared to those obtained by other SSI analysis techniques. It is shown that the solution procedure discussed in this paper is reliable, efficient and less time consuming as compared to other existing concepts and procedures.