• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 1989

인삼재배(人蔘栽培) 예정지(豫定地) 토양이화학성(土壤理化學性)과 관리후(管理後) 토양이화학성(土壤理化學性) 및 이식후(移植後) 본포(本圃)의 토양이화학성(土壤理化學性) 변화(變化)가 인삼수량(人參收量) 및 결주율(缺株率)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 변화량(變化量)과 변화율(變化率) 모형(模型)을 써서 산지조사의 수행자료(遂行資料)로 해석(解析)하였다. 1. 예정지(豫定地)에서 6년차(年次)까지 토양물리성(土壤物理性)의 연차간(年次間) 변화(變化)는 수분(水分)을 제외(除外)한 입단율(入團率), 공극률(孔隙率) 용적밀도(容積密度)가 유의성(有意性) 있는 변화(變化)가 있었고 토양화학성(土壤化學性)은 Mg을 녹외(綠外)한 전성분(全成分)이 유의성(有意性)있게 변화(變化)하였다. 2. 6연근(年根) 인삼수량(人蔘收量)과 연차간(年次間) 토양물리성(土壤物理性)은 유의성(有意性) 있는 정상관(正相關)이었고 결주율(缺株率)과는 유의부상관(有意負相關)이었다. 토양화학성(土壤化學性)의 연차간변화(年次間變化) 중에서 4년차(年次) 함류농도외(艦類濃度外)에는 유의성(有意性)이 없었다. 3. 6연근수량(年根收量)은 본포기(本圃期) 입단율(粒團率)의 변화량(變化量)과 정상관(正相關)이었고 예정지(豫定地)의 변화량(變化量) 및 변화율(變化率)과 수분변화량(水分變化量)과는 부상관(負相關)이었으며 결주율(缺株率)은 예정지공극률(豫定地孔隙率)의 변화양(變化量)과 부상관(負相關)이었고 예정지(豫定地) 입단변화율(粒團變化率) 및 본포기(本圃期) 수분변화율(水分變化率)과는 정상관(正相關)이었다. 4. 6연근수량(年根收量)과 토양물리성(土壤物理性) 상호간(相互間)의 다중상관(多重相關)을 보면 예정지(豫定地)의 공극률(孔隙率)이 크게 기여하며 입단율(粒團率)만을 볼 때는 본포기(本圃期) 변화량(變化量)의 기여도가 컸다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.105-118
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of profile disturbance with different artificial accumulation history on physico-chemical properties of soil under plastic film house. The investigations included soil profile description using soil column cylinder auger F10cm x h110cm, in situ and laboratory measurements of soil properties at five sites each at the cucumber (Site Ic ~ Vc) and grape (Site Ig ~ Vg) plastic film houses with artificial soil accumulation. The sites except sites Ic, IVc, IVg and Vg, belong to ex-paddy area. The types of accumulates around root zone included sandy loam soil for 3 sites, loam soil for 1 site, saprolite for 2 sites, and multi-layer with different accumulates for 3 sites. Especially, Site IIg has mixed plow zone (Ap horizon) with original soil and saprolite, whereas disturbed soil layers of the other sites are composed of only external accumulates. The soil depth disturbed by artificial accumulation ranged from 20 cm, for Site IIg, to whole measured depth of 110 cm, for Site IVc, Vc, and Site IVg. Elapsed time from artificially accumulation to investigation time ranged from 3 months, Site IIc, to more than 20 years, Site Vg, paddy-soil covering over well-drained upland soil during land leveling in 1980s. Disturbed top layer in all sites except Site Vg had no structure, indicating low structural stability. In situ infiltration rate had no correlation with texture or organic matter content, but highest value with highest variability in Site IIIc, the shortest elapsed time since sandy loam soil accumulation. Relatively low infiltration rate was observed in sites accumulated by saprolite with coarse texture, presumably because its low structural stability in the way of weathering process could result in relatively high compaction in agro-machine work or irrigation. In all cucumber sites, there were water-transport limited zone with very low permeable or impermeability within 50 cm under soil surface, but Site IIg, IIIg, and Vg, with relatively weak disturbance or structured soil, were the reverse. We observed the big change in texture and re-increase of organic matter content, available phosphate, and exchangeable cations between disturbed layer and original soil layer. This study, therefore, suggest that the accumulation of coarse material such as saprolite for cultivating cash crop under plastic film house might not improve soil drainage and structural stability, inversely showing weaker disturbance of original soil profile with higher drainage.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.205-208
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• 1987

고추 재배지(栽培地) 토양(土壤)의 물리성(物理性) 적정(適定) 범위(範圍)와 지력판정(地力判定)을 위(爲)한 기초자료(基礎資料)를 얻고저 전국(全國) 주요(主要) 고추 주산단지내(主産團地內) 94개(個) 포장(圃場)에서 포장환경(圃場環境), 토양(土壤)의 물리화학성(物理化學性) 및 생육(生育)을 조사(調査), 분석(分析)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 고추 재배토양(栽培土壤)은 전체(全體)의 72%가 사질(砂質) 토양(土壤)이었다. 고추 작황(作況)이 양호(良好)할수록 작토심(作土深), 유효토심(有效土深) 및 근권심(根圈深)이 깊었고 가비중(假比重)과 경도(硬度)는 낮았다. 고추 생육(生育)에 적당(適當)한 토양(土壤) 삼상(三相) 범위(範圍)는 고상(固相) 50%이하(以下), 액상(液相) 15%이상(以上), 기상(氣相) 20%이상(以上)이었다. 고추 생육(生育)은 작토심(作土深), 유효토심(有效土深), 근권심(根圈深), 경도(硬度), 가비중(假比重), 유효인산(有效燐酸)과 높은 상관관계(相關關係)가 있었다. 고추 작황(作況)을 저해(沮害)하는 요인(要因)은 유효토심(有效土深)>가비중(假比重)>작토심(作土深)>경도(硬度)>경사(傾斜)의 순(順)이었다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.92-99
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• 2002

본 연구는 phyllite를 수분조절제로서 이용한 퇴비에 대하여 작물에 대한 효용성 평가 및 토양의 이화학적 특성변화를 규명하기 위해 수행되었다. Phyllite 퇴비의 물리성과 화학성 및 부숙도와 안정성을 평가하기 위한 작물재배시험과 토양의 이화학적 특성변화의 실험결과 상추 및 열무의 생육 및 수확량은 PSPC10에서는 20 Mg/ha의시용량이, PSPC20에서 10 Mg/ha이 가장 좋았으며 다른 비해는 나타나지 않았다. 또한 토양의 이화학적 특성변화는 퇴비의 EC값이 높기 때문에 시비한 토양의 EC가 초기보다 높게 상승하였으며, 퇴비의 40 Mg/ha을 처리한 토양에서는 EC 값이 2dS/m 이상으로 나타났다. 공시작물인 열무와 상추의 재배시험에서는 상추의 경우가 유효인산 및 EC가 크게 증가하였다. 열무의 경우는 질소, 유기물과 EC의 함량은 시험전보다 감소하였으며 이것은 열무의 질소 이용율이 높음을 알 수 있다. 토양 물리성의 변화는 phyllite의 첨가량이 많은 퇴비일수록 용적밀도가 낮아지며 토양의 수분보유력이 증가하였다. phyllite를 이용한 퇴비를 토양에 시용하였을 경우 작물의 비해는 없었으며, 토양의 이화학적인 특성변화에서도 우려할 만한 사항은 없는 것으로 보아 phyllite를 이용한 퇴비의 활용기능성이 크다고 판단된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2007

토양입단은 물리화학, 생물학적 인자의 종합적 결과로 토양 중 탄소행동과 물질이동 해석에 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 습식체별에 안정한 대입단(>지름 0.25mm)과 토양특성과의 관계를 15개 토양을 대상으로 살펴보았다. 토양은 먼저 깊이 0-10cm에서 통기성을 현장측정한 후 3인치 코아 5반복으로 채취하여 습식체별에 안정한 대입단과 토양이화학성을 분석하였다. 대상토양의 점토함량은 1~33%범위였고 토지이용은 과수, 일년생 밭작물(채소, 옥수수), 초지를 비롯하여 도로변 나지 등이었다. 습식체별에 안정한 대입단은 점토함량 2%이하의 사토에서 함량이 0%로 낮고, 사토를 제외한 토양에서 일년생 작물을 재배하는 밭이 27~35%, 과수원 51%, 초지 75%의 순으로 나타났다. 이는 경운 등의 토양교란정도와 연관이 깊은 것으로 보인다. 습식체별에 안정한 대입단은 양이온치환용량, 유기물함량, 모래, 점토, 미사, 용적밀도, 그리고 교환성 K, Mg와 유의한 상관을 나타내었으나 pH, EC 및 수용성 인 등의 토양특성은 상관이 유의하지 않았다. 특히 교환성 칼슘의 경우, 칼슘 과포화 토양을 제외하였을 때 내수성입단함량과 유의한 상관을 보였다. 따라서, 본 연구는 습식체별에 안정한 대입단은 토지이용과 토양특성을 반영하나 칼슘 과포화도 및 토성간의 차이를 고려해서 파악해야 함을 제안한다 하겠다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.463-468
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• 2014

This study was carried out in order to survey the soil physico-chemical, morphology and content of saponins of 5 year-old Platycodon grandiflorum radix from different areas in Gyeongnam. Soil physical properties was showed 1.01-1.29 of bulk density of soil and soil hardness was increased with increasing soil depth, especially below the 30 cm, however it was maintained or small increased below the 40 cm. T-N and OM contents of top soil were highest at Geochang as 0.27% and 56.9 g/kg, respectively, compared to other areas. The root length was longer at Kimhea and Geochang as 33.8 and 33.7 cm, respectively, and fresh weight was heavy at Geochang as 208.5 g. The contents of saponin of P. grandiflorum radix was higher in fine root compare to main root. By region, content of saponins of P. grandiflorum radix were higher at Hapcheon than other area. Mg content was highly negatively correlated at p < 0.01 with platycodin D3, deapioplatycodin D, platycodin D, and deapioplatycodin D ($-0.499^{**}$, $-0.433^{**}$, $-0.421^{**}$, $-0.511^{**}$ respectively). These results suggest that no-fertilized Mg effected on the improvement of saponin contents in P. grandiflorum.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2016

BACKGROUND: Clay mineral is well known to improve physico-chemical of soil. The objective of this study was to investigate the growth characteristics and inorganic nutrient contents of crops with application levels of phyllite.METHODS AND RESULTS: Both young radish and lettuce were selected as target crops for this study. The experiment was conducted in a wagner pot(1/5000a) in glass house at Sunchon National University. Treatment conditions were divided P0NPK(No phyllite + NPK), P5NPK(phyllite 5 Mg/ha + NPK), P10NPK(phyllite 10 Mg/ha + NPK) and P15NPK(phyllite 15 Mg/ha + NPK) by crops, respectively. Bulk density and porosity of soil in control without treatment conditions were ranged from 1.02 ∼1.04 g/cm³ and 56.5∼57.0%, respectively, and those for treatments with phyllite were in the ranged from 0.94∼1.00 g/cm³ and 58.4∼63.5%, respectively. Dry weights of young radish and lettuce were higher in P15NPK treatment than those in other treatments. The amounts of T-N, T-P and K uptake in young radish with phyllite application treatments were increased 36∼115, 18∼67 and 20∼76% than without phyllite application treatment, respectively. In lettuce treatments, amounts of T-N, T-P and K uptake were intended to all tested treatments similar with result of young radish treatment.CONCLUSION: Therefore, these results confirm that phyllite application to the soil improves physico-chemical of soil in addition to improving growth of young radish and lettuce.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.115-126
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• 2017

There is an increasing concern over arsenic (As) contamination in rice. This study was conducted to develope a prediction model for As uptake by rice based on the physico-chemical properties of soil. Soil and brown rice samples were collected from 46 sites in paddy fields near three different areas of closed mines and industrial complexes. Total As concentration, soil pH, Al oxide, available phosphorus (avail-P), organic matter (OM) content, and clay content in the soil samples were determined. Also, 1.0 N HCl, 1.0 M $NH_4NO_3$, 0.01 M $Ca(NO_3)_2$, and Mehlich 3 extractable-As in the soils were measured as phytoavailable As concentration in soil. Total As concentration in brown rice samples was also determined. Relationships among As concentrations in brown rice, total As concentrations in soils, and selected soil properties were as follows: As concentration in brown rice was negatively correlated with soil pH value, where as it was positively correlated with Al oxide concentration, avail-P concentration, and OM content in soil. In addition, the concentration of As in brown rice was statistically correlated only with 1.0 N HCl-extractable As in soil. Also, using multiple stepwise regression analysis, a modelling equation was created to predict As concentration in brown rice as affected by selected soil properties including soil As concentration. Prediction of As uptake by rice was delineated by the model [As in brown rice = 0.352 + $0.00109^*$ HCl extractable As in soil + $0.00002^*$ Al oxide + $0.0097^*$ OM + $0.00061^*$ avail-P - $0.0332^*$ soil pH] ($R=0.714^{***}$). The concentrations of As in brown rice estimated by the modelling equation were statistically acceptable because normalized mean error (NME) and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) values were -0.055 and 0.2229, respectively, when compared with measured As concentration in the plant.

• Mycobiology
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2020

Soil degradation can have an impact on the soil microbiota, but its specific effects on soil fungal communities are poorly understood. In this work, we studied the impact of soil degradation on the richness and diversity of communities of soil fungi, including three different degrees of degradation in Germany and Panama. Soil fungi were isolated monthly using the soil-sprinkling method for 8 months in Germany and 3 months in Panama, and characterized by morphological and molecular data. Soil physico-chemical properties were measured and correlated with the observed values of fungal diversity. We isolated a total of 71 fungal species, 47 from Germany, and 32 from Panama. Soil properties were not associated with fungal richness, diversity, or composition in soils, with the exception of soil compaction in Germany. The geographic location was a strong determinant of the soil fungal species composition although in both countries there was dominance by members of the orders Eurotiales and Hypocreales. In conclusion, the results of this work do not show any evident influence of soil degradation on communities of soil fungi in Germany or Panama.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2007

계화간척지의 간척지구별 숙답화에 따른 토양특성을 구명하여 시비 및 토양관리계획을 수립하고자 논토양 100필지의 토양특성과 177농가에 대한 영농설문을 조사 분석한 결과 유효토심은 17.8 cm로 적정값(50 cm 이상)에 비하여 크게 미달되었으며 특히 심토의 경우 토양경도 $12.40kg\;cm^{-2}$, 용적밀도 $1.59g\;cm^{-3}$ 로 매우 높아 토양의 물리성이 불량하였다. 토양의 염농도는 0.03~0.12%로 거의 제염이 되었으며, 작토의 pH는 6.0, 유기물함량은 $8.6g\;kg^{-1}$, 유효 인산 및 규산은 각각 58과 $85mg\;kg^{-1}$, CEC는 $7.4cmol\;kg^{-1}$, ESP는 10.3%로 나타나 토양 중 양분의 불균형 현상이 나타났다. 또한 계화간척지 논에서 벼재배시 농가의 시비량($N-P_2O_5-K_2O$, kg $ha^{-1}$)은 200-54-61이었으며 경운시기는 84%가 춘경을 하였으며 벼 재배 시 볏짚을 매년 시용하는 농가는 14%에 불과하였다.