• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.543-550
• /
• 2015

In this study, using soil brick with combined effective microorganisms and emergent plants was identified which it can increase the effect of conservation and improvement of water. Lab-test was consist of four kind of reactors and each of reactors were A(rawwater), B(soil brick), C(emergent plant) and D(soil brick+emergent plant). Iris pseudoacorus, Phargmites australis, Typha angustifolia and Zizania latifolia were used for emergent plant. Evaluation of application on various environment were performed on agricultural waterway and pond. The pH measurement test of soil brick was performed due to evaluate whether a strong alkaline water flows out of the soil brick. Result of lab-test, removal efficiency of D was better than removal efficiency of A presenting 20.9%, 27.9% 21.5%, 33.8% and 58.4% for $COD_{Cr}$, $BOD_5$, TN, TP and TSS respectively. Removal efficiency of soil brick on agricultural waterway was revealed to be 49.5%, 45.0%, 43.7%, 37.3% and 28.6% for $COD_{Cr}$, $BOD_5$, TN, TP and TSS respectively. And removal efficiency of soil brick on the pond was revealed to be 12.7%, 10.5%, 9.32%, 10.4% and 36.3% for $COD_{Cr}$, $BOD_5$, TN, TP and TSS respectively. Result of pH measurement test of soil brick was neutral which was about 6 to 8.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.354-361
• /
• 2010

Soil physico-chemical properties and microbial densities are affected by organic sources and soil amendment applied to improve soil environments or quality. Generally organic fertilizer effects on forage crops yield and soil properties are partly due to changes of soil composition. We investigated the effects of swine slurry (SS), swine slurry composting-biofilteration(SCB) and chemical fertilizer(F) with gypsum(G) combinations on soil physico-chemical properties and yields of summer forage crop in the Sukmoon reclaimed tidal land in Korea. The forage crops used in this experiment were corn and sorghum$\times$sudangrass hybrid(hereafter sorghum). Our results showed that the soil physico-chemical properties in the combined (F+G, SS+G, SCB+G) treatments increased contents of organic matter and exchangeable $Ca^{2+}$, but exchangeable $Na^+$, $K^+$ and $Mg^{2+}$ reduced to 1-10% for two forage crops, compared to non-combined (F, SS, SCB) treatment. The density of soil microorganism such as bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi, increased significantly by SS+G and SCB+G treatments. This means that treatment of combined organic fertilizer with G lowered salinity levels and improved with microbial growth. The combined treatments also increased the total yields 2.3-6.2% for corn and 2.0-8.7% for sorghum, compared with non-combined treatment. This experiment suggests the combined treatments could increase the total yields of summer forage crops and change of soil physico-chemical properties in the Sukmoon reclaimed tidal land in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.71-76
• /
• 2012

Since sediment in a stable state is disturbed during the process from sediment in a natural state to dredged soil, the turbidity of water is not good. When the dredged soil settles again, the volume change in the sediment occurs. Coagulant and flocculant are added for turbidity mitigation of the water and faster settling process of suspended solid, and the amount of the substances affects the characteristics of the dredged soil. This study is to investigate the characteristics of the dredged soil depending on the amount of three chemical products added to the wet dredged soil and the dry dredged soil through measuring the suspended solids (SS), volume change and sedimentation velocity. The experimental measurements show that the SS decreased, the volume change rate increased, and the sedimentation velocity increased, as the chemical amount increased. In addition, it was found that the dry dredged soil reacted even with little quantity of the chemicals because derelict and microorganism are removed due to the drying process at $100{\pm}5^{\circ}C$.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.160-165
• /
• 1996

An alkalophilic bacterium producing alkaline protease(s) was isolated from soil. It was a Gram-positive, non-sporulating, immotile, irregular rod, strictly aerobic, and weak acid-forming bacterium. The morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of the isolate resembled those of the Coryneform bacteria. However, there was not any species within this genera to which this microorganism can be closely matched. Therefore, it is provisionally identified as a Coryneform bacterium TU-19.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.228-233
• /
• 2006

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 is known to be involved in pathological processes such as tumor invasion or rheumatoid arthritis. A soil microorganism producing siderophore under low iron stress $(up\;to\;5\;{\mu}m\;of\;iron)$ was identified as Burkholderia sp. Hydroxamate type siderophore produced by Burkholderia sp. CAS-5 was partially purified. MMP inhibitory activity of siderophore was confirmed by gelatin zymography. The $Zn^{2+}-chelating$ activity of siderophore correlated with the inhibition of MMP-2 activity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.205-208
• /
• 2004

Tile pilot scale biopile system was designed and constructed for evaluation of biopile efficiency. For the biopile system construction, two soil samples that were contaminated by mainly diesel were selected. The pilot scale biopile were consisted of the biopile dome, aeration system and monitoring system and two biopiles(pile A and pile B) were operated with nutrients and inoculum for more 100 days. The initial TPH concentrations for pile A and pile B were about 10,000 mg/kg and 2,300 mg/kg, respectively. After 70 days, the microbial densities in the pile A was increased and in the pile B it was no changed. The TPH contents decreased about 70% in the pile A and 30% in the pile B. Also, various kinds of PAHs were detected by analyzing the GC/MSD, and the reducing ratio in the piles A and pile B were similarly declined. The average biodegradation rates were calculated about 66.8mg/kg-day in the pile A and 10.9mg/kg-day in the pile B. During the operation period, pile temperature was the major limiting condition for the efficiency of all biopiles.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.87-97
• /
• 2007

The aim of this study was to compare crop contamination between two irrigation methods using microbial-contaminated water. The effect of relative humidity on microbial survival of the three indicator microorganisms was also investigated. Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Clostridium perfringens ATCC 3624, and coliphage PRD1 were applied to irrigation water to grow cantaloupe, lettuce, and bell pepper. Half of the sixteen plots were subsurface drip irrigated (SDI) and the other half were furrow irrigated (FI). Two relative humidity levels were controlled at 15-65 % and 55-80 % for the dry and humid condition experiments, respectively. Samples of produce, surface soil, and subsurface soil at a depth of 10 cm were collected over a two-week period following the application of the study microorganisms. Overall, greater contamination of both produce and soil occurred in the FI plots. For the SDI plots, preferential water paths and resulting water appearance on the seed beds seemed to be responsible for produce contamination. Relative humidity levels did not appear to affect microbial survival in soil. PRD 1 showed lower inactivation rates than 5. coli in both dry and humid conditions. C. perfringens did not experience significant inactivation over the experimental period, suggesting this microorganism can be an effective indicator of fecal contamination.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.205-209
• /
• 1993

A new treatment system for animal waste water has been developed as an alternative to the activated sludge process. It consists of two treatments; one is operated with 7 tanks, and the other is soil and plant cultivation bed. Aerobic microorganisms are added to the influent water in the tanks where the water is aerated so that the microbes utilize the pollutants, while sedimentation removes the indigestible solids. In the secondary treatment the water, which has already received a primary treatment, is filtered through soil where it also receives treatment by soil organisms. In addition there is transpiration of water and absorption of minerals by plants. In the primary treatment BOD, SS, coliforms (E. coli), TP and total bacteria were removed 79-99%, but COD and TN were removed only 58% and 36%, respectively. In the secondary treatment removal of nutrients proceeded further, and 93-99% of pollutants were removed. The treated waters met the quality standard of discharge water in Japan except for TN, which was in too great a concentration to meet discharge standards. This problem requires further study.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.48 no.5
• /
• pp.442-450
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Psy-2A-CrtI (PAC), a genetically modified (GM) rice with enhanced ${\beta}$-carotene, on the soil microbial community. The soil used to cultivate GM rice and its wild-type, Nakdong, was analyzed for population density, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and pyrosequencing. It was found that the bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population densities of the PAC soils were within the range of those of the non-GM rice cultivar, Nakdong. The DGGE banding patterns of the GM and non-GM soils were also similar, suggesting that the bacterial community structures were stable within a given month and were unaffected by the presence of a GM plant. The pyrosequencing result showed a temporal difference in microorganism taxon and distribution ratio, but no significant difference between GM and non-GM was found. The persistence of the transgene DNA in the plant and surrounding soil were investigated for different time periods. There were differences in the persistence within the plant depending on the gene, but they could not be detected after 5 weeks. Also the transgenes were not detected in the surrounding soil. These results indicate that soil microbial communities are unaffected by the cultivation of a PAC rice within the experimental time frame.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.356-362
• /
• 1995

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects on the seasonal population change of microflora of long-term application of organic matters in Fluvio-Alluvial plain of Jeonbug series. As organic matters, rice straw and compost of 5 and 10ton/ha, which were applied with the different nitrogen fertilizer level of 0, 150kg/ha into the soil 15cm deep, respectively. A number of total aerobic bacteria were gradually increased from just after water-logging before rice transplanting to pancle formations stage, afterthat decreased at harvest. The other side, a number of actinomycetes, fungi and cellulose-decomposers were slightly fluctuated until panicle formation stage and increased at havesting stage. In general, microorganism numbers were higher in organic matter with long-term nitrogen fertilizer applied plot, while cellulose-decomposers were higher in only organic matter applied plot. The microorganisms of ammonia-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing and nitrite-oxidizing, and denitrifying bacteria showed the maximum number at harvest stage, at panicle formation stage and at early tillering stage, respectively, while that of ammonifying bacteria were variable if nitrogen fertilizer applied or not at the respective periods in nitrogen cycle under water-logging. These bacteria were numerous in the organic matter plots combined with nitrogen fertilizer, especially, denitrifying bacteria in rice straw, others no difference.