• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.85-91
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• 2014

In this study, the water quality purification of new medias which were NPS media, hyugato, mineral stone, charcoal for applying soil media of Integrated Management Practices (IMPs) of Low Impact Development (LID) were evaluated. The influent concentrations of COD, T-N, and T-P were 117.8 mg/L, 17.1 mg/L, and 2.062 mg/L, respectively. The infiltration capacities of NPS media, hyugoto, mineral stone, charcoal, and gravel were $7.1{\times}10m/s$, $7.3{\times}10^{-5}m/s$, $7.9{\times}10^{-5}m/s$, $6.0{\times}10^{-5}m/s$, respectively. All media meet criteria of infiltration capacity as surface soil layer at IMPs which is over $1.0{\times}10^{-5}m/s$. Maximum removal rates of COD, T-N, and T-P occurred at Charcoal with 98 % of COD removal rate, NPS with 78 % of T-N removal rate, and hyugato with 75 % fo T-P removal rate, respectively. For more high removal efficiency of all water quality item, the mixed media which is 4.5(NPS media): 1(charcoal) : 4.5 (hyugato) as volume ratio was evaluated. The infiltration capacity of mixed media was $7.9{\times}10^{-5}m/s$ and met the criteria of infiltration as surface soil layer. The water quality removal efficiencies of mixed media were very high with showing 70 % for COD, 85 % for T-N, and 71 % for T-P. The mixed media could purify the water quality of surface runoff and was recommended to used at the LID site of ground water quality problem.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.16-20
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to develop of porous media for water treatment. It was made of porous media which was sinteringed on a comparative low temperature 600$\circ$C, was annexed slag (media-s) and humus soil (media-h) with material, only material kaolinite(media-k). In order to examine the characteristics of physical-chemical were used to sem, x-ray. The results of study are given porous size on media-h which was able to water treatment.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.239-241
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• 2000

From 5 forest soil samples, the isolation frequency of oligotrophic Actinomycetes was investigated with nutrient and minimal media. The frequency of soil Actinomycetes by the minimal media. The frequency of soil Actinomycetes by the minimal media of DHV, WA, BA and NA was similar to the value by HV nutrient medium. In addition, different Actinomycetes were isolated from all the media used in this experiment and then their growth were tested on nutrient (Bennett's agar) and minimal media(WA). In consequent, the number of different Actinomycetes from minimal media was 26.1 strains, whereas the number of from nutrient medium (HV) was 26.6 strains. Furthermore, the percentage of facultative and obligate strains among the oligotrophic Actinomycetes was 90% and 10%, respectively.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.78 no.4
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• pp.425-437
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• 2021

Under foundation shock mats have been used in the current practice in order to reduce/damp vibrations received by buildings through the surrounding environment. Although some investigations have been made on under foundation shock mats performance, their effectiveness in the reduction of railway induced-vibrations has not been fully studied, particularly with the consideration of underneath soil media. In this regard, this research is aimed at investigating performance of shock mat used beneath building foundation for reduction of railway induced-vibrations, taking into account soil-structure interaction. For this purpose, a 2D finite/infinite element model of a building and its surrounding soil media was developed. It includes an elastic soil media, a railway embankment, a shock mat, and the building. The model results were validated using an analytical solution reported in the literature. The performance of shock mats was examined by an extensive parametric analysis on the soil type, bedding modulus of shock mat and dominant excitation frequency. The results obtained indicated that although the shock mat can substantially reduce the building vibrations, its performance is significantly influenced by its underneath soil media. The softer the soil, the lower the shock mat efficiency. Also, as the train excitation frequency increases, a better performance of shock-mats is observed. A simplified model/method was developed for prediction of shock mat effectiveness in reduction of railway-induced vibrations, making use of the results obtained.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.64-67
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• 2003

Clubroot disease of Chinese cabbage has extremely occurred in recent years. Conventional soils such as sandy loam soil (saprolite) and clay soil (yellow soil) as bed media combined with field soil application of fungicidal chemicals were tested for the control of clubroot disease. Using sandy loam soil and clay soil as plug seedling bed media efficiently reduced clubroot disease occurrence down to 21.7% and 14.1%, respectively compared to peatmoss (75.7%) and Baroco soil (36.6%) when seedling plants were transplanted into previously-infected Yoncheon field. Application of flusulfamide and azoxystrobin to previsouly-infected soil prior to transplanting also effectively reduced disease incidence, especially when combined with growing seedlings in sandy loam or clay soil media. In conclusion, flusulfamide application prior to trnasplanting as well as utiliz-ing sandy loam and clay soil as a plug bedding media may effectively reduce the occurrence of clubroot dis-ease of Chinese cabbage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.81-89
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• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of early revegetation by analyzing the characteristics of germination and growth of Chrysanthemum zawadskii using vegetation-plant in rock slopes. After making up a growing basis of approximately 20-cm depth and 10-cm diameter by using a boring machine, the surface of rock slopes was planted with vegetation-plant. The number of germinating populations by soil media was 41 in H.s, 4 in T.s, 3 in M.s, and 0 in M.g.s. The germination rate (%) by soil media was 20.0% in H.s, 3.3% in T.s, 2.5% in M.s and 0% in M.g.s. In monthly changes of growth rate, the aspect was northwest direction, the soil media was H.s, and the treatment was microorganism plot. The main factors affecting survivorship and growth of population were soil media and treatment plot. The interaction between each factor had a good effects in bearing x treatment plot, soil media x treatment plot. but, it is recommended that the mulching of vegetation plant is highly needed to help the germination of seed and growth of vegetation because of loss of seed and soil media occurred due to rainfall. Therefore, The result suggests that the revegetation technique using boring in rock slope was very efficient in respect of the early revegetation and the landscape.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.98-102
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• 2012

Organic farming has rapidly increased in Gangwon province, but there is a concern about nutrient accumulation and nutrient imbalance in the soil of organic farming. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of continuous application of organic amendments on growth and yield of red pepper and soil characteristics compared with chemical fertilizers application for four years. Treatments of organic amendments including oil cake, rice straw compost, amino acid compost, rice bran compost, and mushroom media (spent substrate) compost resulted in comparable growth and yield of pepper to chemical fertilizers. Organic amendments improved soil physical and chemical characteristics. Especially, rice bran compost and oil cake significantly increased soil organic matter compared with chemical fertilizer application and mushroom media compost and rice straw compost significantly improved soil aggregate stability. On the other hand, available phosphate level in the soil amended with rice bran compost or mushroom media compost was relatively high compared with the other treatments due to relatively high phosphate levels in the composts. It is not easy to adjust nutrient composition in the organic materials. Therefore, the results obtained from the study imply that nutrient imbalance needs to be carefully considered in organic farming without use of chemical fertilizers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.4
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• pp.558-564
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• 2011

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of early revegetation by analyzing the characteristics of germination and growth of Lespedeza cyrtobotrya using boring technique in rock slopes. After making up a growing basis of approximately 20 cm depth and 10 cm diameter by using a boring machine, the surface of rock slopes was planted with vegetation-plant. The number of germinating populations by soil media was 23 in H.s, 22 in T.s, 12 in M.s, and 1 in M.g.s. The germination rate (%) by soil media was 19.2% in H.s, 18.3% in T.s, 10.0% in M.s and 0.8% in M.g.s. In monthly changes of growth rate, the aspect was northwest direction, the soil media was M.s, and the treatment was microorganism plot. The main factors affecting survivorship and growth of population were soil media and treatment plot. The interaction between each factor had a good effects in bearing ${\times}$ soil media, bearing ${\times}$ treatment plot, soil media ${\times}$ treatment plot. but, it is recommended that the mulching of vegetation plant is highly needed to help the germination of seed and growth of vegetation because of loss of seed and soil media occurred due to rainfall. Therefore, The result suggests that the revegetation technique using boring in rock slope was very efficient in respect of the early revegetation and the landscape.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.119-128
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• 2008

In this study, we attempted to seek out the ways to recycle fresh root-chips in the slope revegetation works by breaking tree root wastes occurring during the construction works, also to review the applicability of fresh root-chips as the soil media in slope revegetation works. For this purpose, we organized test units in order to investigate on-site applicability of fresh root-chips (broken chips). In order to examine the desirable ration of combining fresh root-chips with the hydroseeding soil media on the cutting slopes, we organized test units depending on the amount of combination. The following is the main experimental results. 1. At first, we analyzed properties of hrdro-seeding soil media and soil of the experimental sites. The overall results demonstrate that all the test units show proper range for vegetation. 2. We believe that the physical properties of soils in the earlier phase of restoration works on the sloped sites are not greatly affected by the fact whether broken chips exist or not. However, as time elapses, broken chips needs to be investigated further on what kind of impact they have on the soil condition. 3. More species are found in the test unit combining broken chips and we believe that it will contribute to blossoming of green plants and ecological succession of neighboring plants. 4. We performed experiment on possibility for fresh root-chips as substitutes for the hydro-seeding soil-media. In the test unit that combines fresh root-chips, its mixture ratio tends to exceed that of the test unit that does not combine fresh root-chips by 5 %. In case of the Thick-Layer-Soil-Media Hydroseeding works, the mixture ratio of the test unit that combines fresh root-chips after 16 weeks exceeds that of the test unit that does not combine fresh root-chips by 75%. 5. From the result of our experiment, it is obvious that the ratio of mixture and the number of emerging species are higher for the test unit combining fresh root-chips than the test unit that does not combine them. In other words, we can replace the hydro-seeding-soil-media with some Fresh root-chips without affecting the physical property of soil.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.319-330
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• 2007

This study analyzed physical and chemical characteristics of peat soil to use peat soil as the materials fur pot media and investigated seedling quality of horticultural plants in order to use peat soil as the raw materials fur pot media. The summary of the results is as follows; The chemical characteristics of peat soil, which is main ingredient of pot media are as follows; pH was 4.9, EC was less than $2.0ds{\cdot}m^{-1}$, which interferes the growth of the plant and organic ingredient was 33%. When looking into the germination characteristics of plants according to the mixture of pot media, red pepper showed 54.2% speed of germination and 97% germination rate in peat soil single treatment. Therefore the peatsoil was appropriate for the pot media for red pepper. In case of cucumbers, in the 50 : 50 treatment of main ingredient (peat soil) and auxiliary ingredients (vermiculite, peat moss and perlite) they showed 100% speed of germination and 100% germination rate. Therefore 50 : 50 treatment was appropriate fur the pot media for cucumbers. In case of chinese cabbage, peat soil, perlite and peat moss mixture (50 : 25 : 25) treatment showed the highest speed of germination (77.5%), while the germination rate was a little lower (92.15%) than comparative soil. However, it was appropriate for the pot media for chinese cabbage. In case of watermelon, germination was bad because of the influence of EC when the teat soil ingredient is over 80%. However, in the mixture of peat soil and vermiculite (50:50) treatment, they showed 91.6% speed of germination and 100% germination rate. Therefore it was appropriate for the pot media for watermelon. When looking into the growth of the plants according to the mixture of ingredients, peat soil and perlite (50:50) mixture showed excellent seedling quality for cucumbers, peat soil and perlite (50:50) mixture showed excellent seedling quality and it was proven to be appropriate for the pot media for cucumbers. In case of watermelon, peat soil, peat moss and perlite (80 : 10 : 10) mixture showed excellent seedling quality and it was proven to be appropriate for the pot media for watermelon.