• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 1997

To grasp the physico-chemical properties on the management groups of upland soil, the data obtained from the detailed soil survey which conducted from 1964 to 1979 by Agricultural sciences Institute, were analyzed and classified. The clay content in A horizon soil was low in sandy textured and well adapted types and high in heavy clayey type, and that in B horizon was lowest in volcanic ash type and highest in heavy clayey type. High organic matter content was found in the volcanic ash and plateau type. The correlations among soil physico-chemical properties were significant. Especially canon exchange capacity of B horizon soil was highly correlated with the content of available water, clay, silt and organic matter positively.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.968-974
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• 2010

We assessed the feasibility of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) applied for the spectral processing to enhance the estimation performance quality of soil organic matters using visible-near infrared spectra and mapped their distribution via block Kriging model. Continuum-removal and $1^{st}$ derivative transform as well as Haar and Daubechies DWT were used to enhance spectral variation in terms of soil organic matter contents and those spectra were put into the PLSR (Partial Least Squares Regression) model. Estimation results using raw reflectance and transformed spectra showed similar quality with $R^2$ > 0.6 and RPD> 1.5. These values mean the approximation prediction on soil organic matter contents. The poor performance of estimation using DWT spectra might be caused by coarser approximation of DWT which not enough to express spectral variation based on soil organic matter contents. The distribution maps of soil organic matter were drawn via a spatial information model, Kriging. Organic contents of soil samples made Gaussian distribution centered at around 20 g $kg^{-1}$ and the values in the map were distributed with similar patterns. The estimated organic matter contents had similar distribution to the measured values even though some parts of estimated value map showed slightly higher. If the estimation quality is improved more, estimation model and mapping using spectroscopy may be applied in global soil mapping, soil classification, and remote sensing data analysis as a rapid and cost-effective method.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.268-273
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• 1993

With a purpose of finding out the effects of phosphatic fertilizer application at the grassland establishment and management on the botanical composition, mineral content of grasses and the chemical properties of soil. a field experiment was arranged with four treatments as a randomized complete block design and lasted from September, 1989 to October, 1991 in hilly area near Suweon. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The botanical composition of grassland that phosphatic fertilizer was not applied was poor and the rate of legumes was increased with phosphatic fertilizer application and the effect of phosphatic fertilizer applications was obvious at the grassland management. 2. The mineral contents, N. P, Ca, Mg of grasses were increased with phosphatic fertilizer application but the K/Ca+Mg equivalent ratio of grasses was lowered and K content and Ca/P ratio tended not to be regular. 3. The available phosphorus contents and exchangable cation, Ca, Mg, contents of grassland soil were increased with phosphatic fertilizer applications but potasium contents tended not to be regular. 4. It was necessary to apply phosphatic fertilizer for the establishment and management of grassland. The botanical composition of grassland that phosphatic fertilizer was not applied at the establishment could be corrected into good stand with continuous phosphatic fertilizer applications at the management.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.354-361
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate whether several composted liquid manures (CLMs) are useful for biological control of large patch on zoysiagrass and investigate the chemical and biological factors to suppress large patch in soil treated with CLMs. The CLMs were produced at 4 different facilities for livestock excretion treatments located in Korea. Field experiments were carried out at 5 golf courses located near each facility. CLM and Chemical fertilizer (CF: water soluble fertilizer, 20-20-20) were applied four and three times with N at $12g\;m^{-2}$ per year, respectively. There was significant increase of concentration of K, Na, and Cu of soil treated with CLM compared to CF treatment. Among experimental plots, CN and GG2 plot sites were shown significant higher effect of biological control 80% and 50% respectively against large patch disease. The number of bacteria, Actinomycetes, and fungi in soil at these sites significantly increased and fluorescein diacetate hydrolytic activity was enhanced, while the soil was treated with CLM. The results of this study demonstrated that CLM application has effect on soil to suppress large patch and reduce the use of fungicide in environment-friendly turf management.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.179-186
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• 2017

This study was conducted to identify characteristics of domestic pine forest soils and to elucidate major soil influencing factors for natural regeneration. We analyzed the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil samples collected from 23 pine forests and confirmed the similar results with the forest soil characteristics. Soil pH, organic matter content, total nitrogen, exchangeable Ca, silt content, and exchangeable Al were selected as the major soil factors among the exposed soils through 10 days of pine seedlings exposure and cultivation experiments and statistical analysis. Multiple regression analysis showed that soil pH had a positive effect on specific root length (SRL) of red pine seedlings and exchangeable Al was a significant factor affecting negative change in SRL. Taken together, the reduction of exchangeable Al by soil pH adjustment would be helpful for natural regeneration by restoring the forest and improving the fine root and root integrity of pine seedlings. Therefore, soil pH and exchangeable Al could be recommended as a major soil factor to be carefully considered in the monitoring and management of soil in pine forests that need to be renewed in the future.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.205-214
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• 2020

In this study, we performed to evaluate the water balance during the cultivation of Chinese cabbage and maize according to the soil type and water management method using weighable lysimeters, and to estimate the crop water stress coefficient and minimal water requirement by considering crop productivity and water deficiency. In 2018, Chinese cabbage cultivation period was not irrigated due to frequent rainfall two weeks after planting, so there was no difference in irrigation amount between the non-irrigated and the irrigated and little difference in crop yield. Excluding the Chinese cabbage cultivation in 2018, in the cultivation of Chinese cabbage and maize, the crop yield of irrigated plots was higher than that of non-irrigated plots. The evapotranspiration of irrigated plots was also generally higher than non-irrigated plots. Crop yield and evapotranspiration are closely related, and transpiration is active as biomass increases. The crop water stress coefficients in the middle and the late stage were 0.8 and 0.8 for Chinese cabbage and 0.8 and 0.5 for maize, respectively. The minimal water requirements for Chinese cabbage and maize were 82.0% and 68.8%, respectively, compared to the optimal water requirements (239.4 mm for Chinese cabbage and 466.9 mm for maize). These results can be used as basic data for water management for crop cultivation by securing the minimum amount of irrigation in case of water deficiency.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.43-52
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• 1972

본실험은 유수형성기에 2일간 배수할 때 질소질 비료의 비종(유안과 요소) 및 시용시기(이앙기와 유수형성기)가 수도의 질소이용율에 미치는 영향을 보기 위해서 기후와 토양이 상이한 부산(동아대학교 농과대학 포장)과 서울(방사선 농학연구소 농장, 금곡)에서 농광 및 봉광 두품종을 사용해서 1970년에 실시 되었다. 유수 형성기에 2일간 배수하고 질소질 비료를 시용한 처리는 상시 담수구에 비해서 A-Value에 있어서 유의차가 없었으나 비료의 시용시기나 비종간에는 뚜렸한 차이가 있었다. 유수형성기에 추비하는것이 이앙기에 기비로서 시용하는 것 보다 자실에서 본 비료의 이용율이 4~5배 높았다. 자실의 질소함량은 봉광의 것이 실험지역에 관계없이 농광의 것보다 높았으며, 비료 이용율도 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 부산토양에서의 질소의 A-Value가 품종이나 비종에 관계없이 서울의것 보다 항상 높았던 것은 부산 토양의 질소함량이 높은데 기인하는 것으로 생각된다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.303-307
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• 2013

Research reports on soil during the years from 1906 to 2012 have been analyzed to understand the role and pattern of soil research in agriculture. The number of research reports in relation with the key word of soils were 2,211 cases and classified in accordance with the criteria of research area, research subject, and research place of report papers. During the 40 years from 1906 to 1946, research work on soil chemistry was reached 62%, highest in the research area. In the case of research subject, research reports on soil fertility and soil nutrients was highest as 42.2%, and the next subject on soil salt and desalinization was about 19.5%. Research places were in the order of paddy as 34.1%, upland as 23.7%, and reclaimed soil as 22.5%. From 1953 to 2012 during 60 years, in the research area report papers were mainly concentrated on chemistry area as 32% and the next was physics as 26%, and environment as 12%. In the case of research subject during the same period, nutrient management report was reached 21.1%, and soil improvement on chemical and physical properties for optimum crop growth was 11.9%. Soil survey and data base establishment report was 8.6%. Research place were in the order of upland as 34.9%, paddy as 25.7%, and vinyl house as 12.5%, which showed reversed pattern compared to that of before 40 years.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2015

To mitigate the impacts of climate change on agricultural ecosystems, development of agricultural management for enhanced soil carbon sequestration is required. In this study, the effects of fertilizer types (chemical fertilizer and manure compost), cropping systems, and crop residue management on SOC(Soil Organic Carbon) sequestration were investigated. Summer corn and winter barley were cultivated on experimental plots under natural rainfall conditions for two years with chemical fertilizer and manure compost. Soil samples were collected conducted and analyzed for SOC for soil. To estimate long-term variation patterns of SOC, DNDC was run with the experimental data and the weather input parameters from 1981 to 2010. DNDC simulation demonstrated SOC reduction by chemical fertilizer treatment unless plant residues are returned; whereas compost treatments increased SOC under the same conditions and SOC increment was proportional to compost application rate. In addition, SOC further increased under corn-barley cropping system over single corn cropping due to more compost application. Regardless of nutrient input type, residue return increased SOC; however, the magnitude of SOC increase by residue return was lower than by compost application.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.100-104
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• 2015

Adverse effect of veterinary antibiotics (VAs) released into environment has been issued recently and concerns about analysis and management for VAs in the environment were increased. Main objective of this research was to calculate predicted environmental concentration (PEC) of the VAs in soil based on avaiable statistical data and result of previous study such as consumption rate and physiological properties of VAs. Total of 5 VAs, Chlortetracycline (CTC), Oxytetracycline (OTC), Sulfadimethoxine (SDX), Sulfamethazine (SMT), and Tylosin (TYL) were examined. Result showed that calculated PEC value in manure and soil was ordered as SMT > TYL > SDX > CTC > OTC. Range of calculated value for manure and soil was 0.50-67.04 and $0.48-64.45mg\;kg^{-1}$ respectively. Comparing to measured concentration of VAs in manure and soil, lower concentration of VAs in manure and soil was evaluated due to fate and degradation of VAs in manure and soil. Overall, evaluated simple modeling for calculating PEC of VAs in manure and soil can be adapted for preliminary screening purpose in environmental risk assessment and more refined modeling is necessary to examine detailed assessment of VAs in manure and soil.