• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2015

This study suggested the new site classification system according to land use, type of contamination and contaminants. Because the present site classification system can not cover all the areas, we changed the concept of land use to more detail one and enlarged the concept of other areas to cover all the areas not defined as certain land use. In case of the present industrial area, it was merged as other areas to avoid the confusion with oil and toxic material storage tank farm area. Accident area was separated from other areas and defined as only accident area caused by the mobile storage facility. In addition to classify the sites according to the basic land use, we classify the sites again in lower level according to the type of contamination and contaminants. With this classification system, we proposed different soil sampling strategy with the consideration of the origin of contamination and the interactions between soil and contaminants. We removed the surface soil sample (0~15 cm depth) around above storage tank because it was not a effective sample to assess whether that area contaminated or not. We also proposed to take the deeper soil samples at minimum three sampling points to confirm the depth of contamination in exploratory soil survey. We also proposed to remove the one point of 15 m depth sampling because it is not effective to confirm contaminated soil depth and needs the exhausted labor and cost. Instead of doing this, we added the continuous sampling to uncontaminated subsoil. Soil sampling points and depth in detailed soil survey is determined based on the results of exploratory soil survey. Therefore, effectiveness and reinforcements of exploratory soil survey would play an important role in improving the reliability of detailed soil survey.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2013

This study developed the classification of National Soil Quality Monitoring Network (NSQM) and its site selection criteria to meet the recently established purposes of the NSQM. The NSQM were suggested by this study to classify into the six-purposes site groups from the current classification of land uses. The six purposes site groups were 1) intensive observation sites, 2) contaminant loading sites, 3) human activity sites, 4) background sites, 5) river soil sites, and 6) sites near the groundwater quality monitoring wells. Furthermore, this study developed the site selection criteria of NSQM utilizing the accumulated NSQM data, road traffic data, chemical emission data, census, soil information, and the literature related to soil quality variation due to contaminant loads. For selecting suitable sites for NSQM, this study used road traffic, chemical emission, the distance from the contaminant sources, and population information as specific criteria. The suggested site classification and criteria were appled for the current 100 NSQM sites for evaluation. Forty sites were met to the criteria suggested by this study, but sixty sites were not met to the criteria. However, some of the sixty sites also included the obscure sites that their addresses were not apparent to find them.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2020

We studied the on-site treatment of soil contaminated by heavy metals and petroleum was tested using relocatable soil washing equipment for greater remediation efficiency. Different combinations of pH and solid/liquid ratio were tested to determine the optimum balance, settling on values of 5 and 1:2, respectively. Next, soils containing Pb, Hg, and petroleum were further tested to assess the optimum number of washing cycles. The remediation efficiency of Pb and Hg in soil contaminated solely by heavy metals was 90.1% and 86.4% after three and two washings, respectively. The remediation efficiency of petroleum in soil contaminated solely by petroleum was 98.8% after one washing. When soil contaminated by both heavy metals and petroleum was cleaned, up to 91.0% of Pb, 86.9% of Hg, and 96.1% of petroleum was removed after two, one, and one washings, respectively. We conducted all remediation efficiencies and concentration reductions satisfied the standard threshold for soil contamination in South Korea.

• 한국토양환경학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 1998

본 조사의 목적은 적적한 조사방법이 미흡한 주유소에서의 오염현황 조사방법 및 그에 따른 주변지역으로의 오염물질이전 및 환경적 영향을 평가하는 것이다. Site assessment 방법에는 몇가지의 접근방법이 있는데, 본 연구에서는 정덕영(1997)에 의해 제안된 임의선정법/특별조사법 중 임의 격자법을 사용하였다. 조사결과에 의하면, 주유소에서의 물질성상은 몇 가지의 형태로 분류할 수 있었다. 지층구조는 약 1.5M까지는 매립토 (잡석&모래)로 충진하였으며, 1.8-3.5M 까지는 부드러운 모래와 미사토(Silty Sand빈 자연적인 토양층을 나타내고 있었다. 또한 4.0M 가까이에는 풍화토(C층) 출현하였다. (그림3. 지층구조측면도 참조). 또한, 저장탱크지역의 지하수위는 약 2.0M이며 남쪽에 흐르고 있는 개천의 수위와 거의 일정하게 유지되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 본 주유소 현황조사에 의하면, 실제의 누출이 UST 및 배관에서 진행되었으며, 오염농도는 대책지역기준인 200PPM을 초과한 것이 확인되었고, 오염원은 면적기준 $45M^{2}$내지 $50M^{2}$에 깊이 약 4M정도로 확산되어 있으며 2.0M에 서 3.5M사이에 부분적으로 고농도로 축적되어 있는 것이 확인되었고 오염의 정도는 계절에 따른 지하수위의 차이에 의해 이동된 것을 본 연구를 통하여 알아낼 수 있었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2005년도 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SOIL & GROUNDWATER ENVIRONMENT
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• pp.122-122
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• 2005

The remediation for contaminated soil and groundwater in contaminated site and waste site has to be compact and economic in maintaining and operating the system. In this study, the atomized slag was tested if they are an effective reactive material in permeable reactive barrier This novel reactive system technology was applied to the treatment of leachate from unplanned waste landfill. The system was optimized and developed to be commercialized.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제27권spc호
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• pp.34-50
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• 2022

Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted using hydrochemical data in four testbeds (A to D) built for the development of site characterization technologies to assess the hydrochemical processes controlling the hydrochemistry in each site. The PCA results indicated the nitrogen loading to deep bedrock aquifers through permeable fractures in Testbed A, the chemical weathering enhanced with the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in Testbed B, the reductive dechlorination in Testbed C, and the different hydrochemistry depending on the depth to bedrock in Testbed D, consistent with the characteristics of each site. In Testbeds B and D, outliers seemed to affect the PCA result probably due to the small number of samples, whereas the PCA result was still consistent with site characteristics. This study result indicates that the PCA is widely applicable to hydrochemical data for the assessment of major hydrochemical processes in contamination sites, which is useful for site characterization when combined with other site characterization technologies, e.g., geological survey, geophysical investigation, borehole logging. It is suggested that PCA is applied in contaminated sites to interpret hydrochemical data not only for the distribution of contamination levels but also for the assessment of major hydrochemical processes and contamination sources.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 1990

토양오염의 기준치를 계산하기 위한 피폭경로 모델을 설정하고 계산방법을 설명하였다. 피폭경로는 음식물 섭취에 의한 섭식경로와 재부유물질의 호흡 및 지표로부터 직접 외부 피폭경로로 나누어 고찰하였다. 한국적인 지역특성 자료를 이용하여 계산한 결과를 다른 연구자의 결과들과 비교하고 문제점을 고찰하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.704-715
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• 2006

Oil spill was found in 1999 from a diesel storage facility located near the top of Baekun Mountain in Uiwang City. Application of bioremediation techniques was very relevant in removing oil spills in this site, because the geological condition was not amenable for other onsite remediation techniques. For efficient bioremediation, bacterial communities of the contaminated site and the uncontaminated control site were compared using both molecular and cultivation techniques. Soil bacterial populations were observed to be stimulated to grow in the soils contaminated with diesel hydrocarbon, whereas fungal and actinomycetes populations were decreased by diesel contamination. Most of the dieseldegrading bacteria isolated from contaminated forest soils were strains of Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, and Rhodococcus species. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis revealed that the profiles were different among the three contaminated sites, whereas those of the control sites were identical to each other. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequences of dominant isolates and clones showed that the bacterial community was less diverse in the oil-contaminated site than at the control site. Sequence analysis of the alkane hydroxylase genes cloned from soil microbial DNAs indicated that their diversity and distribution were different between the contaminated site and the control site. The results indicated that diesel contamination exerted a strong selection on the indigenous microbial community in the contaminated site, leading to predominance of well-adapted microorganisms in concurrence with decrease of microbial diversity.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2011

Cause of contamination in the study area nearby Jang Hang Refinery is dust scattering in refinery stack, and soil washing treatment is one of the proper technologies for soil remediation in this area. Site conditions frequently limit the selection of a treatment process. A treatment technology may be eliminated based on the soil classification or physicochemical characteristics of soil. This study was assessed the soil washing efficiency by conducting of soil characteristic analysis in the vicinity of Jang Hang Refinery Stack within a 2 km radius. Also, it was decided about remedial range with comparative analysis of As in soil by Korean Standard Test Method before/after revision, whereupon As concentration in soil showed a increasing tendency after revision. As a result, the soil washing using the size separation of soil was determined through identifying of As species in the soil. In this site, only particle size distribution and water content of soil can provide the initial means of screening for the potential use of soil washing.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 1993

Much attention has been given recently to solve the environmental contamination in golf courses Changing to culture practice rather than chemical practice that depends on pesticides and fertilizers is a hot issue in golf courses or grasslands. Organic soil conditioners improve soil-plant envirormental conditions rich in physical properties. In this study, measuring systems to evaluate soil conditioning effects were set up for on-site purpose. After establishing the methodology for evaluating soil conditioner effects, 2 kinds of organic conditioners were rested for examination. The systems for the methodology included a set of simulating equipment for field capacity, an impact type soil column compactor, and an infiltration-percolation system. Test results using the systems showed bulk density and infiltration rate of mixed soil were decreased at highter rates of conditioner, but total porocities were increased. Increased porocities were most capillary pore space which has a positive effect on soil water potential. The systems and methodology in this study seem to have an efficiency to measure the effects of soil conditioner on site purpose.