• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2009

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate whether working married women in different occupational classes affected diverse health outcomes. Methods : We used data for married women aged 25-59 (N=2,273) from the 2005 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. Outcome measures included physical/mental and subjective/objective indicators (selfrated poor health, chronic diseases, depression, and suicidal ideation from reported results; metabolic syndrome dyslipidemia from health examination results). Agestandardized prevalence and logistic regression were employed to assess health status according to three types working groups (housewives, married women in manual jobs, married women in non-manual jobs). Sociodemographic factors (age, numbers of children under 7, education, household income) and health behaviors (health examination, sleep, rest, exercise, smoking, drinking) and a psychological factor (stress) were considered as covariates. Results : Non-manual married female workers in Korea showed better health status in all five health outcomes than housewives. The positive health effect for the non-manual group persisted in absolute (age-adjusted prevalence) and relative (odds ratio) measures, but multivariate analyses showed an insignificant association of the non-manual group with dyslipidemia. Manual female workers showed significantly higher age-adjusted prevalence of almost all health outcomes than housewives except chronic disease, but the associations disappeared after further adjustment for covariates regarding sleep, rest, and stress. Conclusions : Our results suggest that examining the health impact of work on married women requires the consideration of occupational class.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.93-102
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• 1993

The symptoms of farmer's syndrome that occurred to Korean farmers are due to the specific characteristics of Korean agriculture, and the basic reasons are poverty and less-privileged rural cultural life originated from social and political conditions. Then the purposes of this study are to investigate farmer's syndrome of farmers and to get substantial data to make a strategy that could prevent diseases. The results are as follows: 1. The most common symptom was lumbago(83.0%) among the 7 kinds of symptoms of farmer's syndrome. And it was more common among women who deliver babies and also work house chores and 10 farms than men(p<0.05). 2. The numbers of symptoms of farmer's syndrome increased as age increases and, 71.4% of those aged 70-79 complained some of the symptoms. 3. The accident rate due to agricultural machine was significantly higher in men than women(p<0.05). By frequency contusion was the most common trauma, fall, fracture were the nexts, and the age group with highest accident rate(40%) was those aged 20-29. 4. To see the significantly correlated factors between faemer's syndrome and sociodemo graphic variables, the more the numbers of family members were, the more lumbago and the less heartburn occurred. And the less gross income was the more frequent nocturnal urinary frequency occurred, and the wider the farming land was the more frequent noctural urinary frequency occurred. 5. As result of correlation coefficient between the numbers of illnesses and sociodemographic variables, the larger the family was and the larger the farming land was the more illnesses the subjects had, and those without spouses had more illnesses.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.759-765
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the choice motivation of dental clinics by patients. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 577 patients visiting the dental clinics from October 6 to 25, 2014 in G city after explaining the purpose of the study and receiving the informed consent. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic characteristics and choice motivation of dental clinics using Likert 5 point scale. Results: 1. The traffic convenience was the highest in those who were the 30s (3.37) and unmarried person (3.30). Those having moderate oral health condition showed 3.23. The regular checkup group had 3.33. The physical environment was the highest in the 20s (3.37) and the unmarried persons (3.33). Those having master's degree showed 3.86. The reputation of the dental clinic image was the highest in those having master's degree (3.63). Those having moderate oral health condition had 3.28. The main reason for dental clinic visit was tooth extraction (3.79, p<0.05). 2. The top priority choice for the dental clinic was the access to the dental clinic and the next reason was reputation for the dentist. The other choice factors included trust for the dentist, recommendation, and night treatment. Conclusions: The important choice for the dental clinic included the access to the dental clinic and reputation for the dentist.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 1998

Distribution structure is the link between a society's needs and its industrial responses. A change in distribution structure brings about a consumption structure which may results in considerable changes in lifestyle including food habits. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a effect of change of distribution structure on the food purchase. The survey was carried from May to June, 1997 by way of questionnaire of 407 housewives, aged 23-64 years, in Seoul and the capital area. The questionaire consists of sociodemographic characteristics of the subjects and distribution channel, information route of food selection, acknowledgement and coefficient of utilization of new distribution channel, mainly used distribution channel in food purchase, important factors in food selection, and food purchasing behavior. Their data were statistically analyzed based on frequency, mean, and $X^2-test$. The major findings of this study were as follows; 1) Most frequently used distribution channels in food purchase were supermarket(38.53%), department store(15.23%), discount store(14.05%), a conventional retail market(13.87%), membership wholesale club(8.07%), and a conventional wholesale market(6.53%). 2) The new distribution channels that subjects have ever used were discount store(75.4% of the subject), membership wholesale club(63%), mail order house(32%), outlet store(29.4%), home shopping(10.3%). 3) Compared to the subject living far from the new distribution channel, the subject living close to the new distribution channel was higher in frequency of new distribution channel utilization. These observations suggest that change of the distribution structure promotes the change of the food purchasing behavior.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.5053-5058
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• 2015

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the commonest cancers among women all over the world. The association of cervical cancer with human papilloma virus (HPV) is well established. Knowledge about the causal relationship between HPV and cervical cancer is important to make appropriate, evidence-based health care choices. In this context we conducted a community based study among women about the knowledge, attitude and practice about HPV infections and their health effects. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional interview based house to house survey was conducted with a validated data collection tool covering sociodemographic factors, knowledge, attitude and practice about HPV and its health effects, among 1020 women from a rural village, Perdoor, in Udupi district, Karnataka, India in 2013-14. Results: The mean age of participants was 38.9 years (SD=12.6). Study participants showed a high literacy rate (85.7%). Only 2.4% of sexually exposed women had undergone Pap smear testing. Partners of 4.4%women had undergone circumcision and they belonged to the Muslim community. Male condom usage was reported by 26 women (2.6%). However, none of the participants had heard of HPV and its health effects. Conclusions: This community based study found complete ignorance about HPV among rural South Indian women in spite of a high literacy level.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권5호
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• pp.485-491
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• 2016

Objective : The aims of the Korean Neuro-Trauma Data Bank System (KNTDBS) are to evaluate and improve treatment outcomes for brain trauma, prevent trauma, and provide data for research. Our purpose was to examine the mortality rates following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a retrospective study and to investigate the sociodemographic variables, characteristics, and causes of TBI-related death based on data from the KNTDBS. Methods : From 2010 to 2014, we analyzed the data of 2617 patients registered in the KNTDBS. The demographic characteristics of patients with TBI were investigated. We divided patients into 2 groups, survivors and nonsurvivors, and compared variables between the groups to investigate variables that are related to death after TBI. We also analyzed variables related to the interval between TBI and death, mortality by region, and cause of death in the nonsurvivor group. Results : The frequency of TBI in men was higher than that in women. With increasing age of the patients, the incidence of TBI also increased. Among 2617 patients, 688 patients (26.2%) underwent surgical treatment and 125 patients (4.7%) died. The age distributions of survivors vs. nonsurvivor groups and mortality rates according the severity of the brain injury, surgical treatment, and initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores were statistically significantly different. Among 125 hospitalized nonsurvivors, 70 patients (56%) died within 7 days and direct brain damage was the most common cause of death (80.8%). The time interval from TBI to death differed depending on the diagnosis, surgical or nonsurgical treatment, severity of brain injury, initial GCS score, and cause of death, and this difference was statistically significant. Conclusion : Using the KNTDBS, we identified epidemiology, mortality, and various factors related to nonsurvival. Building on our study, we should make a conscious effort to increase the survival duration and provide rapid and adequate treatment for TBI patients.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2007

Purpose. To identify trends in patient satisfaction adjusted for sociodemographic factors and health status from 1989-2003. Methods. Five repeated cross-sectional surveys were used. The study sample included 290,534 household members 20 years of age and over from the five survey periods of 1989, 1992, 1995, 1999, and 2003. Satisfaction was measured using a five-point scale, ranging from "very satisfied" to "very dissatisfied." Crude satisfaction rates, representing the proportion of patients satisfied (very satisfied or satisfied), were calculated for each survey period. Satisfaction rates adjusted for age, sex, marital status, education, and self-rated health status were calculated for each of the five years. Results. Crude satisfaction rates increased from 15.4% in 1989 to 40.5% in 2003. The proportions of satisfaction and dissatisfaction were reversed after 15 years had passed. However, the satisfaction trend was not linear throughout the different years, with 1992 being the year with the lowest satisfaction rate (9.7%). These trends in crude rates did not change even after adjusting for patient characteristics. The odds of satisfaction in 1992 were 38% lower (odds ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.64) than the odds in 1989. In 2003, the odds of satisfaction were 4.01 times (95% CI 3.89 to 4.13) the odds for 1989. Older, female, married, and less-educated people were more likely to be satisfied. Patients who rated their health as 'very good' had the highest satisfaction rate, and those with "neutral" health ratings had the lowest. General hospitals achieved substantial improvement whereas pharmacies became the lowest-rated of all institutions. Conclusions. The Korean health system has achieved better patient satisfaction rates over the past 15 years. Increased health expenditure, resources, and quality improvement efforts may have contributed to this progress.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.412-429
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• 1993

For the purpose of promotion of mental health in the rural elderly, the author surveyed 558 elderlies aged 60 years or more, and assessed the prevalence rates of depression and cognitive impairment by using self-rating depression scale of Zung (SDS) and the Korean version of mini-mental state examination (MMSEK). Also the association between depression or cognitive function and socio-environmental factors were investigated. The major findings were as follows ; 1. The prevalence rates of severe depression and cognitive impairment were 20.9% and 14.9% in all the elderly of both sexes, respectively. 2. The rates of depression and cognitive impairment increased with increasing age in both sex groups. The mean scores of SDS increased and the mean scores of MMSEK decreased significantly among them (p<0.01). 3. Those being female, widows or widowers, and those having low levels of physical activity, showed significantly high the mean scores of depression and had significantly low the mean scores of cognitive impairment (p<0.01). 4. The depression scores relating to decreased libido, confusion, psychomotor retardation, hopelessness and indecisiveness were relatively high in both sexes. 5. All the items of mini-mental state examination were significantly correlated with depression. 6. In stepwise multiple regression analysis on depression, MMSEK, level of physical activity, chronic disease, marital status and family income were selected as highly correlated variables, and the $R^2$-value for these variables was 33.7%. 7. In stepwise multiple regression analysis on cognitive function, level of physical activity, age, depression, sex and marital status were selected as highly correlated variables, and the $R^2$-value for these variables was 62.6%. The depression and cognitive impairment of the elderly were positively correlated with nearly all sociodemographic variables.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the relationships between psychosocial characteristics and changes in the stage of breast cancer screening behavior. Methods : The 474 study subjects were randomly sampled from 21,459 women(age range, 40-70 years) who were eligible for the Korean National Cancer Screening Program in 2006 in Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do. The information, including behaviors and sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes, subjective norms and self-efficacy, was collected by trained interviewers via home visits. The breast cancer screening stages were grouped as precontemplation, contemplation, action, maintenance and relapse, according to Rakowski. Results : Of the 474 women, 18.8% were in the precontemplation stage, 23.3% were in the contemplation stage, 13.1% were in the action stage, 36.6% were in the maintenance stage, and 8.2% were in the relapse stage. The distribution of stages was associated with attitude, subjective norms and self-efficacy(p for trend<0.01). To investigate the overall relationship between the variables, we conducted a linear structural equation model analysis based on the theory of planned behavior. The subjective norms and self-efficacy influenced the stage of the women's screening behavior. Conclusions : We should target on self-efficacy about the screening behavior of women by performing timely, thoughtful interventions. The support from family members, friends and other people is crucial for women to undergo breast cancer screening and to improve the breast cancer screening rate.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2020

Purpose : This study investigated the relationship among adjustment of cancer, mental health, and family problem solving communication of women with cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine how to improve the adjustment of cancer of women and improve women's mental health to form family problem solving communication. Methods : This correlational study was conducted among 101 women with cancer living in the Seoul region. Data collection occurred from August 1, 2018, to August 23. The data are reported as means and standard deviations and were analyzed with t tests, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation regression using SPSS version 21.0. Results : The results of this study showed that adjustment to cancer significantly correlated with the education level of the participants (F=3.27, p<.05) and self-help group participation (F=3.156, p<.05). In this study, the mental health of female cancer patients significantly affected their adjustment to cancer (F=13.13, p<.001). These results explained 19.7% of the variance (F=13.13, p<.001) in mental health and adjustment to cancer in female cancer patients. Conclusion : In this study, mental health was significantly affected adjustment to cancer. The results suggest that adjustment to cancer can be promoted through the development and application of a nursing intervention program considering the mental health of female cancer patients. In addition, further research is required to identify the factors in consideration of various variables in addition to the sociodemographic and disease-related variables that may affect the adjustment to cancer of female cancer patients in nursing hospitals.