• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.67-88
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• 2007

This study is to estimate the factor weights for a successful sea-ranching project using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. Furthermore, it investigates the policy implications revealed by the differences in group opinions throughout fishermen, government officials, researchers and the scholars when the weights are assessed. The hierarchy is constructed for the 3 levels of factors which must be evaluated for a successful sea-ranching project. The top level of factors is divided by the ecological factors and the socioeconomic factors. As the middle level of factors, there are 3 factors such as the choice of fish, the habitat environment and the production technology under the ecological factors and another 3 factors such as the stability of fishery society, economic factors, and the law & system under the socio-economic factors. And then, at the bottom level of the hierarchy, the economic factors have two different sub-factors such as the fishing revenue and cost. The law & system has also 3 sub-factors such as the accessibility to sea-ranching area, fishing method, and surveillance. The fishermen and government officials show us quite opposite tendencies in assessments of the weights while both the researchers and scholars reveal almost the same opinions positioned at somewhere between first two groups. The study also reports the evaluations of efficiency measures for resource recovery methods among the sea-ranching project, artificial reef, release of fish seeds, and marine protection area. Both the sea-ranching project and marine protection area have the same efficiency in terms of resource recovery while the artificial reef and release of fish seeds are revealed as somewhat less efficient methods comparing to the former two methods.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.57-89
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• 2007

The Korean government has put mamy efforts into the protection of ecological values of coastal and marine ecosystems since the mid 1990s, recognizing ecological values and economic contributions of coastal and marine ecosystems. Rapid increase of coastal and marine protected areas in terms of number and size implies the innovative change of national policy regarding ecosystem protection. As of the end of 2006, the total number and size of the protected areas account for 425 and $10,666.8km^2$ respectively. Despite of this achievement, the current policy regime on the protected areas has not been quite successful dealing with in managerial issues. The ambiguity and the lacking objectivity of designation criteria have, been causes of pending issues such as conflict outbreaks, 'paper parks', duplicated designation, etc. This paper aims at improving current designation criteria based on AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process). The suggestion of the study covers both the new designation criteria and the weighing factor on each criterion considering different ecological and socio-economic characteristics of 'wetland protected area' and 'marine protected area'.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 2022

This study aims to propose a conceptual design of information displays for supporting responsive actions under severe accidents in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). Severe accidents in NPPs can be defined as accident conditions that are more severe than a design basis accident and involving significant core degradation. Since the Fukushima accident in 2011, the management of severe accidents is increasing important in nuclear industry. Dealing with severe accidents involves several cognitively complex activities, such as situation assessment; accordingly, it is significant to provide human operators with appropriate knowledge support in their cognitive activities. Currently, severe accident management guidelines (SAMG) have been developed for this purpose. However, it is also inevitable to develop information displays for supporting the management of severe accidents, with which human operators can monitor, control, and diagnose the states of NPPs under severe accident situations. It has been reported that Ecological Interface Design (EID) framework can be a viable approach for developing information displays used in complex socio-technical systems such as NPPs. Considering the design principles underlying the EID, we can say that EID-based information displays can be useful for dealing with severe accidents effectively. This study developed a conceptual design of information displays to be used in severe accidents, following the stipulated design process and principles of the EID framework. We particularly attempted to develop a conceptual design to make visible the principle knowledge to be used for coping with dynamically changing situations of NPPs under severe accidents.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.238-244
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• 2021

Objectives: Previous pandemics have demonstrated that several demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic factors may play a role in increased infection risk. During this current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, our aim was to examine the association of timing of lockdown at the county level and aforementioned risk factors with daily case rate (DCR) in the United States. Methods: A cross-sectional study using publicly available data was performed including Americans with COVID-19 infection as of May 24, 2020. The United States counties with >100 000 population and >50 cases per 100 000 people were included. The independent variable was the days required from the declaration of lockdown to reach the target case rate (50/100 000 cases) while the dependent (outcome) variable was the DCR per 100 000 on the day of statistical calculation (May 24, 2020) after adjusting for multiple confounding socio-demographic, geographic, and health-related factors. Each independent factor was correlated with outcome variables and assessed for collinearity with each other. Subsequently, all factors with significant association to the outcome variable were included in multiple linear regression models using stepwise method. Models with best R² value from the multiple regression were chosen. Results: The timing of mandated lockdown order had the most significant association on the DCR per 100 000 after adjusting for multiple socio-demographic, geographic and health-related factors. Additional factors with significant association with increased DCR include rate of uninsured and unemployment. Conclusions: The timing of lockdown order was significantly associated with the spread of COVID-19 at the county level in the United States.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.99-111
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• 2022

Akey factor in evolution is reproduction, which is also a major concern in medicine. Evolutionists have proposed many theories and hypotheses to explain the low fertility rates of modern industrial societies, which are contrary to maximization of biological fitness. Given that childbirth is the most significant factor affecting reproductive fitness, it is likely that a variety of psychological modules related to childbirth behavior and intention evolved over time. Several evolutionary psychological modules have been proposed in relation to reproduction, including sexual desire, status-seeking, a need for nurturing, and the desire for children. Previously adaptive psychological modules may now be expressed maladaptively due to the discrepancy between the Environment of Evolutionary Adaptedness (EEA) and the environment of modern industrial society. Several evolutionary ecological factors influence childbirth intention in modern society, including individual personality factors, childhood life history experiences, and socioecological factors throughout reproductive life. By focusing on mental, social, and ecological factors, this review examines several hypothetical models relating to evolutionary psychological factors and childbirth decisions in modern industrial society, as well as a possible explanation for the low birth rate.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.9
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• pp.111-134
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• 2004

The purpose of this dissertation is firstly to examine the level of pro-environmental behavior of urban employed wives depending on their life style type and secondly to identify effective ways to promote their pro-environmental behavior. A structured questionnaire interview was conducted with 700 urban employed wives who lived in the Seoul Metropolitan area, and 566 of the responses were valid for analysis. For statistical analysis, this research reviewed the frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation(SD), Pearson's correlations, Cronbach's u, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, $\chi$$^2$-test, Duncan's Multiple Range Test, and multiple regression using SPSS/PC WIN. The findings of analysis of the study are as follows: 1. Among life style types of employed wives, the order of ecological value was orientation type (37.3%), followed by economical value orientation type (25.8%), uninterested type (18.7%), and convenience-centric value orientation type (18.2%).Pro-environmental behavior scored relatively highly at 3.45 in average. 2. In the analysis of the relationship between life style and background variations, every variation except environmental knowledge was meaningful. 3. In the relationship between pro-environment behavior and background variations, every variation was meaningful except housing types, having helper or not, and environmental knowledge. 4. The recognition level of environmental pollution was important among the variations affecting pro-environmental behavior. 5. There was a difference in pro-environmental behaviors by the following life style types: ecological value orientation, economical value orientation, convenience centric orientation and uninterested. 6. For the relative contribution comparison of background variations (socio-economic variation and environmental variation) and life style variations to the pro-environmental behavior of urban empolyed wives, this research additionally applied each independent variable group. As a result, the explanation level drastically increased in the third step that analyzed the relationship with life style.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to critically evaluate the DPD development plan of Kyungpook province, which was established in 1996 and slightly revised in 1997 in terms of a theoretical framework, fair distribution and ecological sustainability, and the feasibility of capital supply of the proposed plan. The early part of the proposed plan introduces various theories and approaches developed in regional (or local) development planning as a general after the 1970s. However, the theories and approaches mentioned are not used as a guideline to establish the DPD development plan of Kyungpook province as a historically developed particular place. Most of the plans were tourism-oriented and did not seriously take the local characteristics into account. All the DPDs of Kyungpook province are located in the upper parts of the Nakdong River basin. So those regions are ecologically vulnerable. But a lot of problems remain concerning the environmental impacts of the proposed development plan. In terms of fair distribution and ecological sustainability, it seems that the DPD development plan was routinely made by a handful of professors and administrators, based on a standard format of regional (or local) development as a genera]. Finally, capital is the key factor for successfully implementing the DPD development plan. It came from the national and local government and private investors. The government have generally financed the construction of infrastructures, not profit-oriented projects such as tourism and resort businesses. However, the feasibility of private capital was not carefully examined in the plan.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1988

^x This study was executed to measure the user's psychological carrying capacity in the National Park Campsite in the district of Temple Ku- Ryong as a model of analysis, which is made socio - psychological approach. The results are as follows ; 1. Since this Place hart a beautiful scenery and some cultural assets prosperties and lies near the metroplitan area, 67.5% of the user come from the district, such as Seoul, Inchon, Kyong - Ki Do, and the purpose of camping is to appease their stress and to promote friendly relationship one another. 2. Since most of the campers(86%) didn't recognize the injury of the natural environment, the enlightment movement and the public information for the protection of natural environment are urgent. And they thought that the good campsite is located near the stream(43.6%) or a quiet place(33.4%). 3. As the space per a man increase, the degree of their satisfactions showed the tendency to increase. The user's satisfaction were analyzed by three statistic methods, correlation, multiple regression and factor analysis. Affecting factors to the user's psychology by the varimax varimax rotated factor analysis were classified physical arts ecological satisfaction. 4. The carrying capacity of the campsite by the degree of psychological satisfaction of the user was measured. The result was that the proper space for one user campsite was 35m$^2$ 5. The 58% of the informants said that they root disturbed by the overcrowding in the campsite. But most of the users thought that it was not good to control the number of the users. And the 67.3% of the respondents answered that the best method was that we control the number of the users by order of arrival if we have to control it.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.351-361
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for resolving individual and regional health inequalities by identifying factors that affect healthy living practices, and to protect the access to health equity and the access to health equity and the people's right to health. Raw data from the 2019 Community Health Survey were used, and descriptive statistical analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed using SAS 9.4 and IBM SPSS ver. 21. The healthy living practice rate was 33.8% overall, and there was a difference of 11~20% by region. In terms of individual factors, healthy living practices were significantly different in gender, age, occupation, sleep time, subjective health status, and subjective stress level. In the interpersonal factor, there was a difference in social activity for healthy living practice, and in the community factor, positive attitude toward the local physical environment, annual unsatisfied medical care, and use of health institutions were significant. In order to increase the practice of healthy living by region based on the research results, comprehensive policies and cooperative measures that can be approached at the individual, social and national level should be implemented along with specific strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.245-263
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• 1997

Housing market is segmented through 1) housing supply classified by housing characteristics and 2) housing demand classified by different housing opportunity of household. Moreover, neighborhood plays a role in intensifying housing market segmentation as a factor affecting on decision making relevant to housing supply and demand. while segmented housing markets have different mechanism, existing studies on residential differentiation and housing market have overlooked the characteristic differences among housing submarkets as the studies presume metropolitan housing market to be a single housing market. while the concept of 'residential differentiation' pays much attention on spatial pattern after the ecological approach appeared, the concept of ‘housing submarkets' is explanatory of the process of urban space structure formation. Analysis on housing submarkets makes up for the weak points of the behavioral approach inquiring into socio-economic constraint and different housing opportunity of household.