• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2016

Background: The influence of sociocultural factors on human reliability within an open sociotechnical systems is highlighted. The design of such systems is enhanced by experience feedback. Methods: The study was focused on a survey related to the observation of working cases, and by processing of incident/accident statistics and semistructured interviews in the qualitative part. In order to consolidate the study approach, we considered a schedule for the purpose of standard statistical measurements. We tried to be unbiased by supporting an exhaustive list of all worker categories including age, sex, educational level, prescribed task, accountability level, etc. The survey was reinforced by a schedule distributed to 300 workers belonging to two oil companies. This schedule comprises 30 items related to six main factors that influence human reliability. Results: Qualitative observations and schedule data processing had shown that the sociocultural factors can negatively and positively influence operator behaviors. Conclusion: The explored sociocultural factors influence the human reliability both in qualitative and quantitative manners. The proposed model shows how reliability can be enhanced by some measures such as experience feedback based on, for example, safety improvements, training, and information. With that is added the continuous systems improvements to improve sociocultural reality and to reduce negative behaviors.

• 한국정책학회보
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.179-209
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• 2014

사회-기술 시스템의 근본적 변화를 다루는 전환연구가, 지속가능한 발전에 대한 논의 확대를 배경으로 정책적 활용의 폭을 넓혀가고 있다. 본 논문의 목적은 대표적인 전환이론인 다층적 관점, 전환관리, 전략적 니치관리 및 기술혁신시스템 이론의 특징과 정책적 함의를 고찰하고, 이를 전환정책 설계와 운영과정에 활용하기 위한 통합적 분석틀을 제시하는 것이다. 각 전환이론은 서로 다른 연구적 입장을 견지하고 있으나, 사회-기술 시스템의 근본적 변화를 동태적으로 분석하고 있다는 점에서 상호보완적이다. 따라서 전환현상이 복잡해지고 전환에 영향을 미치는 변수가 확대될수록, 각 이론의 연계 및 통합적 활용에 대한 필요성이 높아지고 있다. 최근 국내에서도 전환이론을 혁신정책 및 과학기술정책에 접목하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 전환적 사고가 반영된 정책도 등장하고 있다. 기후변화, 에너지 자원의 활용 등 우리 사회와 정부가 대응해야 할 지속가능성 이슈가 증가할수록, 효과적인 전환정책의 설계와 운영에 대한 필요성은 증가하게 된다. 본 논문은 개별 전환이론에 대한 비판적 고찰을 토대로 통합적 전환정책 분석틀을 도출하고, 우리나라의 스마트그리드 정책사례에 예시적으로 적용하여 분석한 결과를 제시한다.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.183-205
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• 2024

Purpose This study aims to identify the factors that form the social identity of metaverse community users and to investigate the processes that influence engagement behavior. Specifically, this study is to verify the structural relationship between socio-technical factors and social identity of metaverse community. Furthermore, we would figure out the role of psychological ownership and virtual assets in engagement of metaverse community members. Design/methodology/approach Hypotheses were derived through literature research and a survey was conducted for users of the metaverse community. 357 collected responses were analyzed for the structural equitation modeling(SEM) with AMOS 24.0. Findings As a result of the study, all of the proposed hypotheses were supported. As a result, it was found that technical and social perceptions of the metaverse community platform had a positive effect on social identity. Social identity affects the intention to engage in the metaverse community through psychological ownership, and its influence is reinforced by the perceived value of virtual assets.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.355-363
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• 2018

In the following paper, a socio-political heuristic search approach, named the imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) has been used to improve the efficiency of the multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network (ANN) for predicting the compressive strength of concrete. 173 concrete samples have been investigated. For this purpose the values of slump flow, the weight of aggregate and cement, the maximum size of aggregate and the water-cement ratio have been used as the inputs. The compressive strength of concrete has been used as the output in the hybrid ICA-ANN model. Results have been compared with the multiple-linear regression model (MLR), the genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The results indicate the superiority and high accuracy of the hybrid ICA-ANN model in predicting the compressive strength of concrete when compared to the other methods.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.41-59
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• 2000

The role of information systems(IS) is far more important in business operations today. Managers recognize information as a major resource of the organization, and non-expert end users positively participate in information system development processes. This phenomenon is considered user-led information system development(ULD), where users define the information requirements, oversee system testing, manage system development, and lead the overall project. Based on a socio-technical approach, this study examines the impact of ULD on IS success. This paper also investigates the moderating effects of various contextual factors on the relationships between ULD and the success. The questionnaire was developed and the data was collected from the end users who participated in implementing ERP systems. The results showed that ULD positively affects the success. For the moderating variables, IT complexity was found to have a strong effect on the relationship between ULD and the success while business complexity and top management support have partial effects. Surprisingly, resource adequacy was not found to have the effect. This study provides academia and practitioners with a number of implications and guidelines regarding why and when to introduce ULD in their IS development initiatives.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.105-127
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• 2013

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become a vital instrument for delivering a number of services such as education, healthcare and public services. Community wireless networks are community-centric telecommunication infrastructure developed to provide affordable communication for those who live in remote areas. This chapter discusses the role of Nepal Wireless in achieving socio economic development of rural communities by facilitating affordable Internet access. We analyze the challenges Nepal Wireless faced and articulate on the approaches it took to address those challenges such as lack of technical skills, appropriate technology and funding, difficult geographical terrains, unstable political situation, and expensive devices. In addition, we address the success and failure factors of this community-based ICT4D approach in order to guide similar endeavors. We conclude the chapter by some suggestions for policy makers, community developers, and academicians.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.173-184
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• 2016

Prevalence of Agile methods in software companies is increasing dramatically. Software companies need to employ these methods to overcome the inherent challenges of traditional methods. However, transitioning to Agile approach is a topic of debate and there is no unique and well-defined transition model or framework yet. Although some research studies have addressed barriers and strengths behind the successful Agile deployment, it seems that this process still needs to be studied more in depth. The rationale behind this is the socio-technical nature of Agile transition and adoption. Particularly, the challenges and problems that software companies are facing during Agile transition, show that this process in more difficult than expected. Conducting a large-scale research study revealed that Agile transition and adoption process needs to be supported by several critical prerequisites. This study adopted a Ground Theory with the participation of 49 Agile experts from 13 different countries and empirically identified seven transition prerequisites. These prerequisites focus on the different aspects of the transition. The main aim of this paper is proposing these prerequisites and theoretical and practical implication of these prerequisites. Providing these prerequisites before moving to Agile increases chance of success in Agile transition and adoption and leads to fewer challenges during the change process.

• 과학기술학연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.39-85
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• 2020

정보기술의 발달과 함께 가짜뉴스가 더욱 심각한 사회문제가 되고 있다. 이 문제는 언론 기관의 사실 검증 노력, 법 규제, 혹은 기술적 해법 등 개별적인 차원의 노력만으로는 제대로 관리되지 못하고 있다. 가짜뉴스의 범람은 사회의 신뢰 구조에 근본적 영향을 미치며, 결국 민주주의의 존립 기반을 위협한다. 그러므로 가짜뉴스 문제해결의 어려움에도 불구하고 어느 사회든 이 문제를 내버려 둘 수 없다. 가짜뉴스 이슈는 단순히 진위판정 문제로 한정할 수 없다. 완전한 가짜뉴스나 완전한 진짜뉴스는 드물기 때문이다. 이 문제를 통해서 우리는 불확실성을 잘 경험하고 있다. 그러므로 가짜뉴스 관리란 가짜뉴스의 완전한 제거를 의미하는 것은 아니다. 또한 가짜뉴스 문제를 개인의 합리성에만 맡길 수 없다. 반복적인 가짜뉴스는 개인의 의사결정을 쉽게 무너뜨릴 수 있기 때문이다. 이를 위해서 사회-기술적 차원의 모색이 요구되며, 다학제적이며 다영역적인 협업이 필요하다. 이 연구에서는 가짜뉴스에 대한 기존의 분석과 대응 노력을 알아보고, 기존 방식의 실패 경험을 토대로, 시민과학의 접근법을 통하여 가짜뉴스 관리를 위한 새로운 공공적 온라인 플랫폼을 제시하고자 한다. 이 모델은 가짜뉴스를 수집하고 분석하고 수용자가 반응하는 과정을 근본적으로 재설계할 것이다. 여러 분야의 사람들이 각자의 역량에 따라서 각자의 여유 만큼의 노력을 동원하여 이 플랫폼에 참여하고 기여할 수 있다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.251-271
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• 2015

본 연구는 일터에서 사용되는 로봇의 HRD 정책적 함의에 대해 고찰하고 있다. 기존 연구들은 로봇의 기술적 측면을 주로 다루고 있기 때문에, 본 연구는 일터에서의 로봇 기술의 한계와 가능성을 사회문화적 측면에서 이해하기 위해 쓰여졌다. 특히 로봇과 함께 일하는 데 있어 가장 적합한 조직 차원의 지원 방안을 찾기 위해 일터에서의 로봇-인간 간의 상호작용을 관찰하는데 필요한 대안적인 관점을 제시하고 있다. 그와 함께 본 연구는 HRD 실천적 연구를 위한 로봇 기술의 함의를 다음과 같이 제안한다. (1) 인간-로봇 간 상호작용과 관련된 전문성의 요소들을 정의하는 것 (2) 기술 도입으로 인한 조직 변화 과정에 대처하는 것 (3) 로봇 기술에 적응하기 위한 조직 개입 방안을 계획하는 것 (4) 로봇과 인간이 함께 일할 때 필요한 직업윤리를 수립하는 것. 본 연구에서 제시된 로봇 기술의 함의들은 향후 일터에서의 로봇 기술 사용과 관련된 양적, 질적 사회과학 연구의 개념적 프레임워크를 수립하는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.131-155
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• 2007

The purpose of this thesis is to study on the philosophical analysis model and its methodological application of information systems research evaluation from critical realist perspective. Fist of all, I examine ontological epistemological methodological assertions of critical realism. Because the philosophy of critical realism is an opportunity for information systems study. I examine Dobson and Mutch's critical realist perspective on actors-structure model. I suggest a critical realist actors-praxis-structure model. This model provides the potential for a new approach to social investigations in its provision of an ontology for the analytical separation of structure and agency. Of most importance might be the incorporation of non-humans into the analysis of social interaction and of technology into the elaboration of structures. I also examine Tsoukas's critical realistic meta-theory of management. I suggest a critical realist IS management model. This model elucidate the nature of management and delineate the scope of applicability of various perspectives on management. The causal powers of management reside in the real domain and, taken together, their logics are contradictory, the effects of their contradictory composition are contingent upon prevailing contingencies. I analyze Carlsson's theory of design knowledge. His framework builds on that the aim of IS design science research is to develop practical knowledge for the design and realization of different classes of IS initiatives, where IS are viewed as socio-technical systems and not just IT artefacts. The framework proposes that the output of IS design science research is practical IS design knowledge in the form of field-tested and grounded technological rules. The IS design knowledge is developed through an IS design science research cycle. In conclusion, I think that IS actors-praxis-structure model, meta-theoretical IS management model, and IS design knowledge model according to critical realistic approach are very useful for IS research evaluation. Nevertheless, important problems are left not resolved.