• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 2021

In recent years, many people are living in a space limited by rapid global industrial development and economic growth, and rapid urbanization is underway, with the global urban population estimated to be more than 70 percent in 2050. Due to rapid urbanization, government-led smart city models are being developed and introduced to solve various urban problems such as disaster safety, air pollution, water pollution, energy shortage, disease, crime and transportation. However, since ICT technology of public housing is being developed as a type of social overhead capital project, it is necessary to develop micro-smart city projects that residents can feel by developing services such as public safety, living environment, living welfare, and energy management for public housing residents. Therefore, in this paper, the smart platform model of public housing for smart city in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is planned and presented.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.5D
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• pp.627-634
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• 2009

The BTL (Build-Transfer-Lease) contract of construction project serves as a part for early establishment of industrial foundation for social overhead capital. However, project cost of BTL contract is focused on initial construction cost. Accordingly, operation cost is lowly evaluated because there is no standard criterion for estimating maintenance cost for the facility. The low operation cost can be a factor that reduces service quality of facility operation. This study suggests a resonable method for estimating cost and manpower in the operation phase by using the existing practical data for wastewater treatment plant by BTL contract. The results of the study can be used for evaluating rough operation cost and manpower of similar plant project by facility size.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

This study aims to analyze related laws and institutions and identify research trends and the policy implementation status of the multifunctionalization of school facilities. Beginning in 2001 at Seoul Geumho Elementary School, the enactment of the "Act On The Establishment, Operation And Management Of Multifunction School Facilities" in 2020, was elucidated through the concept and spectrum of the multifunctionalization of school facilities. The relevant research mainly focuses on elementary schools, elderly facilities, and space planning. The Living SOC Project in 2019 acted as a trigger in promoting the multifunctionalization of school facilities as a central government policy. In 2023, the Ministry of Education announced measures and guidelines for establishing the multifunctionalization of school facilities by conducting the project with respect to the "Nulbum School" policy.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.14-29
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• 2023

This study aims to elucidate the content and format of school safety standards to clarify the roles and responsibilities of schools in realizing school safety. Toward this end, difficulties in operating school safety standards at various sites were classified into four small groups with a total of 26 educational administrators, superintendents, and researchers to listen to the opinions of experts in the field and analyze related data. As a result, we comprehensively analyzed in-depth interviews with the respondents who are working at provincial offices of education regarding the proposed school safety standards. We also analyzed the necessity of developing these standards and examining the appropriateness of their content and format. Results were derived from four aspects, including the field applicability of such standards. The study draws the following conclusions. First, it focuses on setting the direction for the development of school safety standards. Second, it highlights the exploration of the system and content of these standards. Third, it pertains to the preparation of a draft of these standards.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.391-402
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• 2022

With the number of social overhead capital(SOC) projects that introduce private capital on the rise, overseas construction global companies today need to establish and advance their overseas order strategies. In this context, the purpose of this study is to develop the public private partnership(PPP) capacity evaluation model for developing countries and use it for domestic overseas construction companies to establish strategies for overseas expansion. The PPP competency evaluation model analyzes the importance of PPP competency evaluation items and infrastructure environment competency evaluation items through a review of previous studies and an interview survey with overseas construction experts. Through the above analysis results and expert surveys, problems that may occur when overseas construction companies enter the PPP market were derived, and improvement measures were proposed. Countries with a high probability of overseas construction companies entering the PPP market were determined to be those that have a mature PPP system, low risk in construction, and a good entry environment with a high infrastructure market size and growth rate. In addition, a lack of PPP investment experience, the absence of information on the infrastructure environment, and a shortage of PPP experts were identified as problems when entering the overseas construction PPP market. As an improvement measure, it was suggested to enter in cooperation with domestic and foreign companies. In addition, a plan was proposed to develop a curriculum to secure experts in areas such as PPP finance and contracts and to provide PPP information for each country. These findings are expected to contribute to overseas construction companies proposing strategies for entering the overseas construction market and using them for overseas expansion strategies and policy establishment.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.437-442
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• 2024

The unification of the Korean Peninsula is not only a national aspiration but also holds significant economic implications. By maximizing the economic synergy between South and North Korea and reconstructing the North Korean economy, balanced development across the peninsula can be promoted. However, the unification process will face various economic challenges, including the substantial costs of unification, integrating different economic systems, and bridging the economic disparity between the two Koreas. This paper aims to analyze these anticipated economic issues and propose systematic and phased solutions. Specifically, it discusses the objective estimation of unification costs and funding strategies, suggests effective integration methods for the disparate economic systems of the two Koreas, and identifies policy tasks to reduce economic disparities. The paper reviews existing studies on unification costs, explores strategies for the balanced development of South and North Korean economies through industrial restructuring and gradual transition to a market economy, and proposes concrete measures such as the expansion of North Korea's social overhead capital (SOC) and the development of human capital. The goal is to establish a solid economic foundation for peaceful unification and create opportunities for the economic resurgence of the Korean Peninsula.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.134-142
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• 2016

Main infrastructures, such as levee, dam, bridge, road, etc., are very important due to not only the means of support for social and industrial activities in normal situation but also the means of protection of life and property during disaster occurrence. In spite of this importance of infrastructures, however, any disaster management systems that actively use these infrastructures are not developed yet. Moreover, infrastructures are not usually included in emergency action plans, thus it occurs second and third impact on communities and industries due to collapsing or damage of infrastructures. Therefore, the authors in this paper analyzed previous research, SWOT, STEEP, and patents and technical journals and conducted a technology need survey ni order to understand the trend of disaster management system as well as suggest main research fields and detail research items. The results of this paper will be a foundation of developing an advanced infrastructure integrated system of maintenance and disaster mitigation and contribute our nation to have an active response system by using infrastructure.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.15-21
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• 2007

This paper proposes an improved methodology for estimating traffic accident cost savings in the transport appraisal. Four major problems from the existing framework are identified and their alternatives are suggested. First, casualties in the established approach are classified by just two types of 'killed' and 'injured'. This study supplies the indices of fatality further details. Namely, road victims are regrouped by 'killed', 'seriously injured', 'slightly injured', and 'accident reports'. Those of railways are similarly sorted by 'killed', 'seriously injured', and 'slightly injured'. Second, damage only accidents are not satisfactorily considered in the current arrangement. The accidents should be considered as one of the accident types and the social cost of them should also be evaluated. Third, the unit cost of accidents is given by the total value. The unit cost is consisted of several elements and each loss would be useful for a policy frame. This study breaks down the total figure into four pieces of costs, namely production loss, medical treatment, property loss, and administrative costs. Finally, there is inconsistency in the audit between roads and railways. Road accidents are analyzed by road types. On the other hand, patronage or others is the classification rule of rail accident costs. This paper suggests a way that the accident costs of two modes can be coherently estimated based on the level of services by each mode. The result of this study is expected to help frame more cautious social overhead capital investment policies.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.301-308
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• 2021

It is important to develop a digital SOC (Social Overhead Capital) maintenance system for preemptive maintenance in response to the rapid aging of social infrastructures. Abnormal signals induced from structures can be detected quickly and optimal decisions can be made promptly using IoT sensors deployed on the structures. In this study, a digital SOC monitoring system incorporating a multimetric IoT sensor was developed for long-term monitoring, for use in cloud-computing server for automated and powerful data analysis, and for establishing databases to perform : (1) multimetric sensing, (2) long-term operation, and (3) LTE-based direct communication. The developed sensor had three axes of acceleration, and five axes of strain sensing channels for multimetric sensing, and had an event-driven power management system that activated the sensors only when vibration exceeded a predetermined limit, or the timer was triggered. The power management system could reduce power consumption, and an additional solar panel charging could enable long-term operation. Data from the sensors were transmitted to the server in real-time via low-power LTE-CAT M1 communication, which does not require an additional gateway device. Furthermore, the cloud server was developed to receive multi-variable data from the sensor, and perform a displacement fusion algorithm to obtain reference-free structural displacement for ambient structural assessment. The proposed digital SOC system was experimentally validated on a steel railroad and concrete girder bridge.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.195-222
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• 2017

This exploratory study analyses the factors, sources and effects of the regional competitive advantage of Jeju Island in Korea in global competition era. The competitive advantage of Jeju Province is analysed with the triple diamond model based on Porter's model for the competitive advantage of nations. The competitive advantage factors of Jeju Province are measured through the competitive advantage of the hospitality industry, which is one of the major industries of Jeju Island. These factors include outstanding natural landscape, domestic hospitality industry workforce, social overhead capital, massive domestic and international tourists, growth of related industries such as duty free shops and casinos, and coincidences such as Jeju Olle trail construction and Chinese government's international travel approval. Since these factors are based on local, domestic and international management resources, this study suggests that obtaining such resources is critical among Jeju hospitality industry in gaining the competitive advantage. Although the competitive advantage of Jeju hospitality industry is increasing, the organic connections with the regional economy are required for improvements on Jeju residents' quality of life. This study examines the factors and origins of competitive advantages on a regional level instead of a national level, and further investigates how the characters and origins of these factors affect the local economy. The results suggest that the triple diamond model is suitable for evaluating the regional competitive advantages.