• Anxiety and mood
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Objective : To translate and adapt the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale into Korean and validate the Korean version of the social appearance anxiety scale, which measures the fear and anxiety about being negatively evaluated by others based on one's overall appearance, including body shape. Methods : For item translation and adaptation, six bilingual translators participated in the process of forward-adaptation and back-adaptation. Data were collected from undergraduate students. The sample size is 105 for Study 1 and 212 for Study 2. Classical item discrimination and difficulty analyses, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and reliability analysis were performed. Results : A unidimensional structure was found with a high internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.95) and a high test-retest reliability (r=0.918). In addition, the concurrent validity was examined by correlations of the scale and several other scales measuring constructs related to social appearance anxiety. Conclusion : K-SAAS appears to be a reliable and valid scale for screening and assessing social appearance anxiety.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.625-636
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• 2016

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of social appearance anxiety, negative body image, appearance importance on appearance management behavior and cosmetic surgery intention. For data collection, a questionnaire was administrated to 428 female college students in Gwangju City, Korea. The results were summarized as follows. To analysis the data, the SPSS 20.0 was used, and frequence analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis, F-test were conducted. The results were summarized as follows. First, social appearance anxiety turned out to have significant positive effect on appearance management behavior and cosmetic surgery intention. Second, negative body image had positive effect on appearance management behavior and cosmetic surgery intention. Third, appearance importance turned out to have significant effect on appearance management behavior and cosmetic surgery intention. The results of this study above suggest that it would be necessary to seek for measures to reduce individual's appearance anxiety, negative body image, and appearance importance. Especially, People should get the realization of the beautiful on the inside that includes personality is more important than having external beauty. And, it is considered that the requirements of the social effort and education through a school and a media as well as a family for reducing the individual's appearance anxiety, negative body image, and the serious consideration of the appearance as rejecting the discrimination based on appearance.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.99-115
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the impact of college students' fashion competence on social anxiety, focusing on the mediating effects of interpersonal skills and appearance anxiety. To this end, a survey was conducted among 235 college students via online communities, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0. The factor analysis revealed sub-factors of fashion competence, including fashion involvement, fashion innovativeness, and confidence in fashion coordination. The regression analysis of the mediation model showed that while fashion involvement indirectly reduces social anxiety through interpersonal skills, there was no mediating effect of appearance anxiety. Fashion innovativeness had an indirect impact on social anxiety through appearance anxiety, but there was no mediating effect through interpersonal skills. Confidence in fashion coordination influenced social anxiety indirectly through both interpersonal skills and appearance anxiety, and it also had a significant direct effect. This research confirmed that fashion competence can have a dual impact on social anxiety, and suggested that enhancing confidence in fashion coordination through fashion therapy programs might be beneficial for resolving college students' social anxiety. However, such programs should avoid excessively pursuing fashion innovativeness, as it can increase appearance anxiety, and should focus on enhancing confidence in one's appearance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.4 s.152
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• pp.633-643
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• 2006

When women are exposed to images of other attractive women such as media models, it is known that many go through a social comparison process and a contrast effect occurs which results in unfavorable perception and attitudes toward the self. This paper suggests women's perception of control over their appearance as one of the factors that may moderate the contrast effect of a social comparison with attractive media models. An experiment with 211 women was conducted to examine the differential effect of viewing attractive models versus non-human images on the responses of women with high/low perceived control over appearance. A two(Stimuli Type: attractive-model image vs. non-human image) by two(Perceived Control over Appearance: High vs. Low) MANCOVA model was tested with physical appearance anxiety, self-esteem, and body satisfaction as dependent variables and appearance orientation, body mass index, age, years of schooling, ethnicity, and marital status as covariates. A significant Perceived Control main effect on Physical Appearance Anxiety and Self-Esteem and a significant Stimuli Type by Perceived Control interaction effect on Physical Appearance Anxiety and Self-Esteem were found. Those who perceived high control over their appearance were more likely to have higher self-esteem and lower appearance anxiety. However, among those who saw attractive model's images, women perceived low appearance control showed less anxiety and higher body satisfaction than those perceived high appearance control.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.17-38
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• 2018

Branded service encounters, in which various aspects of frontline employees are strategically aligned with the firm's brand positioning, can be achieved along several dimensions such as employee appearance, manner, and personality. While previous research has mainly focused on behavioral traits of employees, this research examines the employee's physical appearance in association with the brand personality trait across two studies. Study 1 shows that salesperson look-brand personality congruence enhances brand affect by inducing positive affect. Specifically, a brand-congruent look of a salesperson increases positive affect among customers by confirming their prior expectations about what a salesperson of a certain brand should look like as a brand representative. Study 2 reveals that the positive impact of salesperson look-brand personality congruence on brand affect is significant only for customers with high social anxiety whereas this effect disappears for those with low social anxiety. These findings extend previous research on branded service encounters by showing why and when frontline employees' physical appearance shapes customers' affective responses toward the brand.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1795-1802
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• 2015

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer types in women and is amongst the most devastating and stressful events in the life of women. The external appearance of breast cancer patients usually changes due to the surgical and/or medical therapies used. An association may be found between social support perception and social appearance anxiety in patients with breast cancer in the period after mastectomy. Therefore, this study investigated the social appearance anxiety and social support status in women with breast cancer in our country. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment or follow-up in Medical Oncology and General Surgery departments. Results: The mean age of the participants was $51.13{\pm}8.48$ years (range, 24-74 years) with nearly half of the patients (40.6%) aged 40-50 years. Of the patients, 39.1% had stage 3 breast cancer. The mean score on Cancer Patient's Social Support Scale (CPSSS) was $134.85{\pm}9.35$, and there was a significant difference in CPSSS total scores betweena the age groups, educational levels, self-reported income levels and stage of disease (p<0.05). The mean Social Image Anxiety Scale (SIAS) score was found to be $34.30{\pm}9.35$ (min:16, max:66) in women participating in this study. The CPSSS and SIAS scores of the participants were inversely correlated, and the SIAS score was found to decrease with the increasing CPSSS score but with no statistically significant difference (r=-0.110, p=0.217). Conclusions: Social appearance anxiety is higher in the patients with poor social support.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.9
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• pp.97-109
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• 2007

This study is to examine the relation between self-consciousness and appearance management behavior; to grasp the appearance management behavior depending on self-consciousness which older women feel personally; to understand their needs more deeply; and to give support in planning and conducting marketing strategies effectively in the beauty and fashion market. The subjects of this study were aged women ranging 55 to 69 in age, living in Daegu and Geongsangbukdo. 500 questionnaires were distributed and 397 questionnaires out of 440 returned were used in the data analysis. The results through statistic analyses are following: 1. Among older women, the higher social self-consciousness group appeared to pursue six types of appearance management behavior(i.e., weight body-shape care, skin care, cosmetic behavior, hair care, cosmetic surgery, and clothing behavior) much more than the lower social self-consciousness group. 2. Compared with the lower private self-consciousness group, the higher private self-consciousness group appeared to care for not only weight body-shape care but also skin care, cosmetic care, and cosmetic surgery, clothing behavior with more interest in ordinary times. In terms of hair care, though, there was no significant difference between the higher private self-consciousness group and the lower private self-consciousness group. 3. There was no statistically significant difference between the higher social anxiety group and the lower social anxiety group in weight body-shape care, skin care, cosmetic behavior, hair care, cosmetic surgery, and clothing behavior.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.435-456
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• 2013

This study examined the factors influencing aging anxiety among college students. 336 college students from universities in Seoul and Gyeonggi-Do were participated in the survey. Regression analyses confirmed that variables influencing 4 dimensions of aging anxiety are different. Quality of contact and attitude toward elderly predicted 'Fear of Old People' dimension. As for 'Psychological Concerns', death anxiety, attitude toward elderly and Quality of contact were influencing factors. Death anxiety, Quality of contact and sex was significant factors predicting. 'Physical/Appearance anxiety'. As for Fear of Losses, Death anxiety and attitude toward elderly affect. On the whole college students' aging anxiety tended to increase as having lower death anxiety, positive quality of contact, positive attitude towards elderly. And female has higher Physical/ Appearance anxiety than male. whereas results have not found a correlation between either knowledge of aging and frequency of contact with aging anxiety. Discussion focuses on the importance of the findings, limitations and future directions.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.203-214
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• 2002

This study of the relationships between children's depression and anxiety and their children's self-esteem and emotional intelligence had a sample of 984 5th grade children The higher the levels of children's depression and anxiety were, the lower their self-esteem consisting of scholastic competence, social acceptance, atheletic competence, physical appearance, behavioral conduct, and global self-worth were. The higher the levels of children's depression and anxiety were, the lower their emotional intelligence(EI) consisting of self-regulation and emotion utilization, perception of emotion, other-regulation and self-expression were. For boys, scholastic competence and social competence among children's self-esteem factors were the factors best explained by children's depression and anxiety. In addition, boy's perception of emotion was explained by their depression and anxiety. For girls, on the other hand global self-worth and social competence among self-esteem factors were the two factors best explained by their depression and anxiety. Self-regulation and emotion utilization was the El factor best explained by depression and anxiety among girls.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.239-246
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• 2019

Teenagers in multicultural families are more prone to depression and problem behaviors caused by violence such as bullying in schools due to their appearance, language presentation skills, and poor learning abilities compared to teenagers in general families. This study is meaningful in that it provides basic information for prevention measures in intervening with damage caused by school violence such as depression, anxiety, suicidal impulses and emotional and social. For this purpose, a survey of 300 elementary school students from 4 to 6 grade, junior high school, and high school students was conducted. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed and of thos e 385 were used for the final analysis. The results of the study are as follows. First, the psychological factors of suicidal ideation were higher in the victimized group than school violence. Second, there was a significant difference in the relationship between emotional - social isolation and school violence experience. Third, there was a significant difference in the relationship between experience of suicide ideation and depression as well as anxiety of emotional - social isolation with psychological maladjustment. In conclusion, we plan to find ways to stabilize the multicultural society by providing prevention and protection measures against school violence.