• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.33-39
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study was identify the correlation of sensory processing type, academic ability and self-esteem in the college students. Methods : Duration of research was Act. 3rd, 2010 ~ Apr. 1st, 2011 and participants were 84 college students in Kyeong Nam. Method for study was the questionnaires investigation that included in AASP, self-esteem scale and grade. Data were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The correlation of various elements and core principles were analyzed using Pearson correlation. Results : Sensory avoiding (r=-.25), sensory sensitivity (r=-.22), sensory low registration (r=-.31) of sensory processing were correlation with self-esteem. sensory seeking (r=.22) of sensory processing correlation was correlation with academic ability. Conclusion : The results of this study emphasized that sensory processing ability is correlation with self-esteem and academic ability in the child as well as adult.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.65-87
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to perform basic study on environmental and respiratory diseases in Ulsan and vicinities. Also, this study evaluated the actual state of environmental disease and health education at middle and high schools in Ulsan and surroundings. Methods: For this study, we conducted a survey on the health of the general public, environmental effects, and investigated the characteristics of environmental disease, health and hygiene education, etc. The populations of this study were middle and high school students in Ulsan, Korea. This study investigated the knowledge of environmental disease and health education at schools in Ulsan and vicinities from November 2009 to December 2009. All statistical calculations were performed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows, and gained the following results by implementing Frequency Analysis, Cross-tabulation Analysis and ANOVA. Results: As more and more environmental diseases are increased, the interest of the people has been increasing on this. The incidence rates of asthma and atopy were represented the top 25% of the country in Korea. The source of heavy metal, PAHs and VOCs in Ulsan includes the Petrochemical Complex at Nam-gu and Ulju-gun, the Nonferrous Metal Industrial Complex at Onsan-eup, Ulju-gun, and the Heavy Industrial Complex at Dong-gu and Buk-gu. Especially, there are a number of fossil fuel combustion facilities such as waste incineration plants and boilers at Nam-gu and the Onsan Industrial Complex. It may help greatly to investigate the characteristics of environmental pollutants such as environmental air pollutant and indoor contaminant to better manage the local student's health. Conclusions: It has been revealed that the hazardous chemicals and environmental contaminants are main substances of cause for asthma, atopy, dermatitis, and allergy disease. Therefore, through with collecting basic data such as environmental disease of inhabitants, health education, conscious and knowledgeable level in parents of students and students, We have to exert to improve knowledge and prevention with health life in school through development of health education program systematically for preventing of environmental disease.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.189-203
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was performed to identify the current barriers of obesity management for children using Community Child Care Centers and their caregivers (parents and teachers working in the Centers). Further, this study explored the possibility of utilizing a mobile phone application for tailored obesity prevention and management programs to overcome the current difficulties associated with children's obesity management. Methods: The qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with 20 obese and overweight children or children who wanted to participate in this study using Community Child Care Centers, 12 teachers working at the Centers, and a focus group interview with five parents of children using the Centers. Data were analyzed with a thematic approach categorizing themes and sub-themes based on the transcripts. Results: The current barriers of obesity management of obese and overweight children using Community Child Care Centers were lack of self-directed motivation regarding obesity management (chronic obesity-induced lifestyles and reduced self-confidence due to stigma) and lack of support from households and Community Child Care Centers (latchkey child, inconsistency in dietary guidance between the Center and household, repetitive pressure to eat, and absence of regular nutrition education). Mobile phone applications may have potential to overcome the current barriers by providing handy and interesting obesity management based on visual media (real-time tracking of lifestyles using behavior records and social support using gamification), environmental support (supplementation of parental care and network-based education between the Community Child Care Center and household), and individualized intervention (encouragement of tailored and gradual changes in eating habits and tailored goal setting). It is predicted that the real-time mobile phone program will provide information for improving nutritional knowledge and behavioral skills as well as lead to sustainable children's coping strategies regarding obesity management. In addition, it is expected that environmental factors may be improved by network-based education between the Community Child Care Centers and households using the characteristics of mobile phones, which are free from space and time constraints. Conclusions: The tailored education program for children using Community Child Care Centers based on mobile phones may prevent and reduce childhood obesity by overcoming the current barriers of obesity management for children, providing environmental and individualized support to promote healthy lifestyles and quality of life in the future.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.266-273
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• 2016

Objectives: This study evaluated the virucidal efficacy against avian influenza virus (AIV) of a disinfectant spray containing 0.25% grapefruit seed extract, 0.2% citric acid, 0.0625% malic acid and 0.0125% benzalkonium chloride. Methods: The disinfectant spray was diluted several times with hard water (HW) and organic matter (OM). Two point five mL of each diluent was added into each test tube, and 2.5 mL of AIV suspension was inserted into each test tube. After 30 minutes of virus-disinfectant contact reaction at $4^{\circ}C$, 2.5 mL of 10% inactivated fetal bovine serum was added into each test tube to neutralize the sanitizer efficacy. The neutralized solutions were serial 10-fold dilutions with phosphate buffer solution, and 0.2 mL of the diluents was injected into the allantoic cavity of five ten-day-old-chickens per dilution time. After incubation of the embryos for five days, the viability of the AIV was examined by hemagglutination titer. The valid dilution of the disinfectant spray was estimated according to the dilution time that the virus titer was inactivated more than $10^4$ 50% egg-infective dose (EID50)/mL compared with pathogen control. Results: In HW and OM conditions, the valid dilutions of the disinfectant spray against AIV were seven- and three-fold dilutions, respectively. The AIV titer of the pathogen control was more than 6.1 log10EID50/mL, and there was no embryonic toxicity. Conclusion: The present study showed that this disinfectant spray has effective virucidal activity against AIV.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.29-43
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of patients' self-perceived health in traditional Korean medical facilities. Method : This research was conducted based on the survey on patients whom have visited traditional Korean medical facilities in 2011 by the Ministry of Health and Welfares and Korean Institute for Health and Social Affairs. Using a sample of 3,931 (1,180 male and 2,751 female) outpatients' self-perceived health based on the data from usage and consumption of Korean Medicine. 'Healthy', 'Fair', and 'Poor Health' were used to measure patients' self-perceived health status. The data was analyzed by frequency, t-test, cross correlation analysis and multiple logistics regression analysis using the SPSS program package. Results : Sex(P<0.001), age(P<0.001), marital status(P<0.001), education(P<0.001), employment status(P<0.001), occupation(P<0.001), health insurance(P<0.001) and income level(P<0.0001) showed statistical significance. Main Treatment Facilities(P<0.001), experience of taking Korean medicine(P=0.032), experience of receiving acupuncture treatment(P<0.001), number of visits(P<0.001), medical expense (P=0.005), and subjective health status after the treatments showed statistical significance for Korean herbal medicine(P=0.038), acupuncture (P=0.001), cupping therapy(P=0.006), oriental physiotherapy(P=0.003), and treatment satisfaction(P<0.001). For subjective health status based on suffering disorders in the past three months, the response of poor health was higher in the group suffering recent illnesses. Statistical significance was seen in hypertension (P=0.002), arthritis(P<0.001), lumbar pain(P<0.001), diabetes mellitus(P=0.001), stroke(P<0.001), hwa-byung (P=0.001), gastric disorders(P=0.021), common cold(P<0.001), ankle sprain(P<0.001), muscular injury(P<0.001), lumbar sprain(p=0.009) and fracture(P=0.03). Also the number of diseases during the past three months showed statistical significance(P<0.001). Statistical significance was also seen in Level of knowledge(P<0.001), route of information(P<0.001), reliability of Korean medicine(P=0.003), insurance coverage(P=0.005), medical costs(P<0.001), and future willingness to use Korean medicine(P<0.001). As a result of the multiple logistics regression analysis, risks of subjective poor health statistically increased in female population, elderlies, medicaid beneficiaries, less educated, higher medical expense, and more disorders during the past three months. Conclusion : Patients' self-perceived health status has significant differences with each variables such as sex, age, marital status, education, health insurance, medical expense, number of diseases.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.396-409
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to inquire into the degree of health promotion activity of university students, and to confirm the general factors of health promotion behavior in order to offer basic data for a nursing strategy to improve health promotion behavior. For this research, data was collected from university men and women through questionnaires from February 18 to March 20 in 1998. The author develop a measuring instrument on the basis of related reviews of health promoting behavior in the prevention of chronic disease, as well as accounting for demographic factors, biological factors, and circumstanctial factors. The content validity of the instrument was authenticated by two professors of the science of nursing,. and the reliability was confirmed by a 'cronbach' ${\alpha}'$ after moditying the content through a pre-test on 30 students. 475 persons were analyzed in terms of an average, percentage, t-test, ANOVA by 'SPSS-PC'. The analyzed data was the following. 1. The acting degree of health promoting behavior was 3.26 point out of 6. Among the sub-levels of health promoting behavior, the order of importance was the following. self-actualization (4.62), interpersonal(4.60), stress management (4.0l), nutrition(3.68), responsibility(3.1l), liquid and cigaretles ues(2.85), and exercise (2.33). 2. The differences in health promoting behavior according to subject's general character were the following. Age(F=6.012, p=.003), major (F=7.243, P=.000), sex(t=7.60, P=.000), religion(F=2.454, p=.045), living status(F= 2.849, p=.024), health concern of parents(F= 7.596, P=.000), taking health programs(F= 2.710, p =.007), case history of the family( t = -1.980, p=.048). Health promoting behavior is affected by a higher age, majoring in the social sciences, having religion, male, living in the relatives' home, having to take health programs and a higher health concern of the parents. Suggestions: 1. The degree of health promoting behavior appears low in this study. It is crucial, therefore, to develop a health program to improve health promoting behavior and to study how to center the daily health life of students.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.631-638
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• 2011

The sense of crisis on seriousness of earth environment is gradually getting greater and the importance of environment education followed by this trend is being highlighted. As an environment friendly New Environmental Paradigm opposed to the human Dominant Social Paradigm on the existing environment is on the rise, the environment education considers not only the perceptive field, but the definitive field and behavioral pattern to follow as important values. Accordingly, the basic awareness of students on environment was found out in order to perform a proper environment education and tried to find out the behavior pattern that the students have on environment on this basis. For the research tool of this study, the one that has revised the Revised NEP Scale for elementary school students which Geum, Ji Hun Kim, Jin Mo have validated the feasibility and reliability while the test paper was prepared by dividing into recycling behavior, energy preservation behavior and source of information. The target of this study was 600 students in sixth grade of elementary school residing in Kimhae, Gyeongsangnamdo while the mean, average, standard deviation, independent t-test and correlation analysis were performed using SPSS 15.0 statistics program for a total of 462 copies including 235 copies from male students and 227 copies from female students. The results of this study are as follows. First, everyone had high pro-NEP tendencies on the environmental problem with 4.14. On the other hand, the anti-NEP did not have high awareness standard with 2.98. Second, the awareness level on resource recycling was shown as being quite high with 4.05. Between NEP and resource recycling, a positive correlation of r=.155 was shown so that the awareness level on resource recycling was getting quite high as the awareness on environment problem was getting higher. Third, the awareness level on energy saving activity was shown as being very high with 3.0. Between NEP and resource recycling, a positive correlation of r=.210 so that the awareness level on energy saving was getting quite high as the awareness on environment problem was getting higher. Fourth, for the source of information on environmental problems of region, our country and global village, the television and internet were shown as main sources of information while the ratio of positive answers on teachers and region as sources of information was shown as quite low.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.789-795
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• 2017

Termites (Isoptera) are classified into approximately 3,106 species. In Korea, only one species has been identified, which is Reticulitermes speratus kyushuensis Morimoto. The termite, a social insect, is known to play an important role in nutrient cycling of the ecosystem, although some species of termites are well-known pests attacking wooden structures or any plant materials. However, there is a lack of research about termites in Korea, including aspects such the taxonomy, physiology, and ecology of termites. This study was carried out to provide valuable basic data on the ecological role of termites in an ecosystem in Korea for the future studies. For the experiments, soil and termite samples were randomly collected from Mt. Hwajang located in Jikdong-ri, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Korea between October 5 and 30, 2015. Analysis results showed that there were no significant differences in soil chemical properties between the soil samples just after air-drying and one year elapsed without any treatment. The treated soil with termites showed significantly higher than the soil without termite treatment. Chemical properties of total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphate, pH, Calcium(Ca), Potassium(K) and Magnesium(Mg) in soil treated with termites were $1.11{\pm}0.3gkg^{-1}$, $43.3{\pm}12.4gkg^{-1}$, $27.4{\pm}2.9mgkg^{-1}$, $4.56{\pm}0.2$, $0.82{\pm}0.2cmol_ckg^{-1}$, $3.18{\pm}1.4cmol_ckg^{-1}$, $1.73{\pm}1.1cmol_ckg^{-1}$, respectively. The values of soil property of without termite treatment were $0.56{\pm}0.1gkg^{-1}$, $30.5{\pm}3.1gkg^{-1}$, $24.0{\pm}4.7 mgkg^{-1}$, $4.09{\pm}0.1$, $0.71{\pm}0.2cmol_ckg^{-1}$, $2.88{\pm}1.5cmol_ckg^{-1}$, $1.30{\pm}0.7cmol_ckg^{-1}$, respectively. These results suggest that inhabitation of termites could improve soil chemical properties in an ecosystem.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.165-169
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• 2014

Salmonella spp. and Brucella spp. are associated with considerable diseases of both humans and animals. In addition, these microorganisms cause the economic loss in animal farming and food industry. In this study, the disinfection efficacy of a commercial disinfectant, composed to povidone-iodine was evaluated against S. typhimurium and B. ovis. A bactericidal efficacy test by broth dilution method was used to determine the lowest effective dilution of the disinfectant following exposure to test bacteria for 30 min at $4^{\circ}C$. The disinfectant and test bacteria were diluted with hard water (HW) or organic matter suspension (OM) according to treatment condition. On HW condition, the bactericidal activity of the disinfectant against S. typhimurium and B. ovis was 400 and 150 fold dilutions, respectively. On OM condition, the bactericidal activity of the disinfectant was 5 and 20 fold dilutions against S. typhimurium and B. ovis, respectively. As the disinfectant composed to povidine-iodine possesses bactericidal efficacy against animal pathogenic bacteria such as S. typhimurium and B. ovis, the disinfectant solution can be used to control the spread of bacterial diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 2004

Background and Objectives : Many studies have described and analyzed singer's formant and it has been shown that the epilaryngeal tube in the human airway is responsible for vocal ring, or the singer's formant. A similar phenomenon produced by trained singers in their speech led some authors to examine the speaker's ring. This study was designed to analyze the speaking voice of the singers and speaker's ring. Baterials and Methods : Ten tenors, fifteen baritones, fifteen sopranos and ten mezzo sopranos attending the music college, department of vocal music were chosen for this study. Fifteen male and fifteen female untrained normal speakers were chosen for control group. Each subject was asked to produce a sample of a sustained spoken vowel /ah/ sound for at least five seconds and read sentence 'Kaeul'. The sound data was analyzed using the Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) - based power spectrum, Long term average(LTA) power spectrum using the FFT algorithm of the Computerized Speech Lab(CSL, Kay elemetrics, Model 4300B, USA). Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS). Results : For LTA Power spectrum of/ah/ sound, a significant increase was seen in the 2,500-3,500Hz region(p<0.01) in four trained singer group compared with untrained speaker group, and a significant increase in the 9,000-10,000Hz region(p<0.01) in soparano group. Similarly, in sentence 'Kaeul', there was a significant increase in energy in the tenor, baritone, mezzo soprano group compared with the untrained speaker group in the 2,500-3,500Hz region(p<0.01), and a significant increase in all frequency region(p<0.01) in the soprano group. Conclusions : The LTA power spectrum suggests that trained singers group show more energy concentration in the 'singer's formant' region in the speaking voice, and authors believe this region to be the 'speaker's ring'. Further research is needed on the effect of singing training on the resonance of the speaking voice.