• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.19-22
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• 2017

Purpose - To control exorbitant interest rates, implementation of an interest rate ceiling is a standard practice in microfinance. However, there are pros and cons of such market intervention. Hence, the aim of this short note is to highlight issues and challenges regarding the interest rate cap in microfinance, both from the perspective of clients and institutions. Research design, data, and methodology - While the nature of this short note is explanatory and descriptive, the research methodology used relevant data from the MixMarket and Microcredit Regulatory Authority (MRA) annual reports in Bangladesh. Results - We argue that an interest rate ceiling is detrimental both for the clients and microfinance institutions (MFIs). This market intervention substantially reduces the outreach of MFIs and clients are most likely to pay a higher price in the long-run. Additionally, an interest rate cap also puts severe pressure on new-born and high-cost MFIs to cope with the interest rate ceiling. Conclusions - Although market intervention may be necessary in the short-run, it should not be the ultimate solution to abate high interest in microfinance. Understanding the operational dynamics of MFIs, as well as promoting productivity, efficiency and competition could help to lower the interest rates.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.388-401
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• 2010

This research aims at analyzing impacts of climate change on fisheries. Climate change is an additional pressure on top of the many which fish stocks already experience. This implies that the impact of climate change must be evaluated in the context of other anthropogenic pressures, which often have a much greater and more immediate effect. Conversely, it is evident that fish stocks will be more resilient to climate impacts if the stresses due to other factors, such as over-fishing and pollution, are minimized. Improved management of fisheries and of marine ecosystems can undoubtedly play an important role in adapting to the impacts of climate change. Most of the improvements which are needed do not require new science or understanding, they require patient development of acceptable, effective, responsive social institutions and instruments for achieving adaptive management. Management advices must include complete and transparent information on risks and uncertainties which arise from data quality and from structural deficiencies in the assessment models. Well-designed and reliable monitoring of fish stocks and the marine ecosystem is essential in order to detect changes and give warning in advance of alterations in the productivity of individual species and of the structure and functioning of the ecosystem and fishery economy on which they depend.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.97-114
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• 1996

Recently, attention for health promotion is rising. Alcohol is widely consumed among adults. About 1/3 of people 15 years of older enjoy drinking alcohol. Some 80% of them drink a half or more bottle of soju each time. Regular excessive drinking of alcohol may cause various problems. WHO(1990) reported that social problems such as divorce, unemployment, and financial difficulties ; psychological problems such as melancholy, suicide, and drug abuse ; physical problems such as cirrhosis, lung cancer, high blood pressure, stroke, and sterilization. The patients with liver disease are estimated to be 628,000. Approximately, 12,000 persons are dying by chronic liver disease and cirrhosis each year. Among the people of 15 years or older, persons dependent on alcohol are estimated to be 1,480,000. This study suggests policies to reduce the consumption of alcohol for planning for health promotion. Limitations of sites and times of sales and designation of sellers, designation of sites prohibiting drinking, limitation of alcohol sales promotion, and restrictions on advertisement can be inaugurated. Increase of price through the raise of tax and taxation of promotion cost. Education of high risk groups such as soldiers, pregnant women, and the youth can be introduced. Provision of alternative socialization programs instead of drinking. Some approaches on target groups were suggested.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.47-59
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the factors affecting financial satisfaction of rural housewives. Data for this study were collected from 202 households living in 8 provinces. The results were as follows; 1) The most frequent financial problems experienced from expenditures on clothes(82.1%), lack of expense for social intercourse (61.47), and difficulty in purchasing durable goods(60.1%) in the order. 2) 44.6% of the respondents said they were satisfied with their net worth, and 21.6% of them confessed they had difficulties in debt redemption while 52.5% of them said they felt pressure about monthly payments of installments, which reveals that farm households find it hard to pay back short-term debt. 3) The path analysis was adopted to see the causal relations among the variables influenced the financial satisfaction. The variables of experiences of economic problems, educational background(graduated from middle school), saving, income, and age appeared to be important in the order of effectiveness. Among them, the variables of saying and experiences of economic problems showed a direct effect, and those of age and saving displayed an indirect effect with the experiences of economic problems as the parameter. From this findings, it is suggested that rural extension workers and educators should emphasize the importance of the financial plan in their educational programs.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.519-535
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to understand a migrant women's married life. The study examined migrant Filipino women's married lives, motives for marriage and migration to Korea, and their married life experiences. The results showed that these women get married to Korean men in pursuit of an economically better life to support their family in the Philippines through marriage migration. As for Filipino women's perceived difficulties in married life, they indicated hardships with redrawing the boundaries of nationality, as well as their husbands' faults or bad habits which are different from what they expected before marriage. Other difficulties mentioned were the peculiar culture of living with parents-in-law, and general difficulties in married life. This study showed that marriage migration results not from external pressure or motives but ultimately from their own decision in a social and cultural context. It was also implicated that Korea's superior position to the Philippines in international economic power has an effect on family relations. The boundaries of nationality are redrawn according to their married life. In addition, it was revealed that the Korean born children of migrant mothers who divorce because of difficulties in married life are in a very poor situation as their national identity depends on their mother's future marriage relations.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.1153-1160
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• 2004

In contemporary society, vibration and noise in the road nearby buildings have become social problems as vehicles operation has increased. Especially. in the case of the building used to art performance, available suitability of the building is tested by the indoor noise class. Therefore, the Purpose of this paper is the measurement of the structure-borne noise of Seoul Art Center nearby Umyeonsan tunnel and analyzing the effects of countermeasure to it. To measure the effects of countermeasure, not only structure-borne noise is measured, but also the vibration is measured, before and after the construction of Pavement using pad and porous asphalt. Consequently, the sound pressure level in art center 1st floor is reduced after mat pavement method, structure-borne noise that was high In 25Hz wide-band before pavement decreased regardless of experimental vehicle's velocity Using porous asphalt pavement the noise was reduced about 3 dB(A).

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.159-169
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of case management for patients with hypertension on their health status and medical service utilization. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of data collected for a larger study of chronic disease management in 2008 using the National Health Insurance Corporation database. A total of 12,944 patients who received case management for hypertension were included in this analysis. The subjects of case management were classified into subgroups, namely, over-use, under-use, and non-use groups according to the amount of medical service utilization. To compare the medical service utilization, a control group was selected randomly. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, McNemar test, and ANOVA. Results: All the subgroups displayed significant differences in blood pressure, self-management, social support, and their characteristics of medical service utilization. The total medical expense of the under-use and non-use groups increased after case management. However, there was no decrease in the medical expense of the over-use group. Conclusion: This finding suggests that there is a need to re-examine why patients overuse medical services and to supplement specific strategies for encouraging appropriate medical service utilization, and enhancing case management efforts for the over-use group.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.88-100
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was to present the effects of home visiting health service on hypertension and DM clients. Method: The one-group pretest-posttest design was applied to 127 hypertension and 116 DM clients. To evaluate the effects of visiting nursing service, biological indexes and self-care abilities were measured from April to July, 2007. Result: Biological indexes and self-care abilities were improved in the hypertension and DM clients who received visiting nursing service. Especially, blood pressure and fasting blood sugar showed a dramatic decrease. Conclusion: Home visiting health service by public health centers is considered to be an effective nursing service in Gangwon-do. Therefore, case management is demanded not only for hypertension and DM but also for other chronic diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.1 s.215
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to access a creative home environment for preschool children and to examine its validity and reliability. The subjects were 296 children aged 5 to 6 years(148 males and 148 females) and their parents. The methods for data analysis included item analysis, factor analysis for construct validity, Pearson correlations between the rating scale for creative characteristics of preschoolers(RSCCP) and this scale for concurrent validity, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for reliability. The 44 items of the scale were found be satisfactory in terms of item response distribution and item discrimination. Four factors were extracted from the factor analysis: the subscales labelled 'respect for the child', 'enriched learning environment', 'stimulation of independence' and 'family pressure'. The concurrent validity of this scale was accessed by computing the correlation measures of RSCCP with this scale. Most coefficients were significant. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ ranged from.75 to.86 for the 4 subscales and.85 for the total scale.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.705-716
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate salesperson's perception of fashion company in the middle management system of department store. This study was conducted by a qualitative research method. An in-depth interview was managed to 14 fashion shop managers and salesperson who have three or more years of work experience at the department store. Interview details were classified three categories: relations with fashion company and others, concern with products supply, concern with products sales. First, the positive factors on relations with fashion company are mutual trust, stability of fashion company, coordination and consideration for shop, communication with fashion company, methodical IT system, methodical education, and social gathering support. The negative factors are unilateral breach of contract from fashion company, communication problem, gap between sales status in shop and product design in fashion company, lack of professional education, difficulty of participating in education, and inadequate employee benefits. Second, the positive factor on products supply is priority of products supply. The negative factors are lack of main items, product procurement lacking rapidity, and problem of securing a supply. Third, the positive factors on products sales are brand pride, display and information support about products, and free gift support. The negative factors are unfair selling commission policy, sales pressure, and excessive responsibility.