• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.25-45
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• 2022

Purpose In this paper, we propose the method to extend topic modeling techniques in order to derive data-based research hypotheses when establishing research hypotheses for social sciences, As a concept in contrast to the existing deductive hypothesis establishment methodology for the social science research, the topic modeling technique was expanded to enable the so-called inductive hypothesis establishment methodology, and an analysis case of the Seongsan Ilchulbong online review based on the proposed methodology was presented. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, an extension architecture and extension algorithm in the form of extending the existing topic modeling were proposed. The extended architecture and algorithm include data processing method based on topic ratio in document, correlation analysis and regression analysis of processed data for topics derived by existing topic modeling. In addition, in this paper, an analysis case of the online review of Seongsan Ilchulbong Peak was presented by applying the extended topic modeling algorithm. An exploratory analysis was performed on the Seongsan Ilchulbong online reviews through the basic text analysis. The data was transformed into 5-point scale to enable correlation and regression analysis based on the topic ratio in each online review. A regression analysis was performed using the derived topics as the independent variable and the review rating as the dependent variable, and hypotheses could be derived based on this, which enable the so-called inductive hypothesis establishment. Findings This paper is meaningful in that it confirmed the possibility of deriving a causal model and setting an inductive hypothesis through an extended analysis of topic modeling.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.206-217
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• 2021

Purpose: Recently, a series of large social disasters have led to a lot of research to prevent social disasters as well as natural disasters and reduce damage. However, this paper aims to select the types of social disasters that local governments should focus on and create basic data for effective countermeasures and mitigation efforts. Method: Among 43 types of disasters announced by the Ministry of Public Administration and Security, 11 types of disasters were selected and collected to select the main types of disasters, and risk types were derived by region with risk maps. In order to derive the risk map, each detailed index was rescheduled to be 0-1 and weights were determined through entropy technique. Result: As a result, about 41% of the major disasters announced by the Ministry of Public Administration and Security were consistent, and the rest of the major types were disasters that could not be obtained or have not occurred in the past 20 years. Conclusion: Therefore, in order to establish an effective prevention and recovery plan for social disasters through this study, it was intended to present social disaster-focused disasters for each local government.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.61-70
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• 2009

Rapid social changes and scientific advances of the $21^{th}c$ have brought on a major paradigm shift towards consilience, making boundaries more or less irrelevant. In the field of architecture, this is manifested in the emergence of colors that can be described as 'being aleatory', 'non-formal', 'non-deterministic' and 'perpetually evolving'. Contemporary architectural colors are not definitively fixed. They are rather liquid and metaphorical. Whereas the more traditional architectural colors have delivered clearly and precisely the intended symbolic meaning and visual information, those of today are less definitive and embody a more liquid and conceptual value system. This paper discusses the denoted signification and the meaning effect of the metaphorical color system found in contemporary architecture. This paper analyzes works of architecture from the late 20th century, when dramatic change sin architectural color system surfaced, to the more contemporary creations. Here, three categories of color are suggested, namely material color, spatial color and liquid color. Each categories considered in connection with deconstruction, holistic interactivity and the multiplicity of meanings that may result as information from the external world is perceived as stimulus to the inner mind. Contemporary architectural color scheme is characterized by its unpredictable vagueness of meaning, synesthetic engagement of imagination and chance, and expansion of the inner and outer world, all of which contribute to a metaphorical effect. The metaphorical color system of contemporary architecture can be classified into three dimensions, and it connects with human consciousness and amplifies itself through flexible and fluid communication. In this process non-physical colors materially serve as formal logic and room for varied interpretation of architectural space and our conceptual framework.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.41-52
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• 2013

Social Network Service(SNS) have become very popular during the past few years. Also SNS, an current communication platform, greatly contributes to transmit the information rapidly and strengthen a sense of community and fellowship in military service. however it has vulnerable factors. For example, invasion of privacy, exposure of personal information and military data. In this particular case, it is a deathblow to the military service. Military Social Network Service require to protect the military security threats and disclosure of defense secrets. For such reasons we need the secure SNS that protects from any attacks or vulnerable factors. We present classification of functional type and analysis the SNS architecture. The goal of this work is propose military SNS security functional requirements for practical use safely.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.57-62
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• 2010

To effectively use Building Information Modelling (BIM) dealing with semantic information including the entities of building components, the information about building components should be standardized. Like standardized modern buildings. in the past, Korean traditional houses were built according to strict procedures and formats. Therefore, if the Korean traditional house are modelled by using BIM,. not only the Korean traditional house of good quality will be built quickly and cheaply, but also spaces in the existing Korean traditional house will be easily analyzed. However, when analyzing spaces of the Korean traditional house using Space Syntax, some problems are caused in dividing outdoor space such as yard with unclear boundaries, unlike indoor space with clear boundaries surrounded by walls. These comes from the fact that researchers have subjectively divided a space in the house into convex spaces as units for Space Syntax analysis. Therefore, this study aims to develop an objective and rational spatial subdivision technique for Space Syntax analysis of a Korean traditional house modelled by using BIM. We could objectively and reasonably divide a Korean traditional house space into convex spaces by recognizing the building components in the house modelled in the form of Industry Foundation Classes(IFC). Depending on the connection of convex spaces allocated in the spatial subdivision technique, j-graph in Space Syntax could be drawn and the measurements of spatial configurations could be determinded. Through the developed technique, the social properties including the cultural and philosophical aspects of Korean people was identified by measuring the spatial configurations of Korean traditional house. The developed technique will serve as useful means to help architects to find an appropriate purpose of each space for sustainable architecture on the basis of the spatial and social relationships in buildings or urban systems.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.110-122
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• 2023

Over the last few decades, various innovative technologies have emerged that have significantly contributed to making life easier for humans. Various information and communication technologies (ITCs) have emerged as a result of the global technological revolution, including big data, IoT, 4G and 5G networks, cloud computing, mobile computing, and artificial intelligence. These technologies have been adopted in urban planning and development, which gave rise to the concept of smart cities in the 1990s. A smart city is a type of city that uses ITCs to exchange and share information to enhance the quality of services for its citizens. With the global population increasing at unprecedented levels, cities are overwhelmed with a myriad of challenges, such as the energy crisis, environmental pollution, sanitation and sewage challenges, and water quality issues, and therefore, have become a convergence point of economic, social, and environmental risks. The concept of a smart city is a multidisciplinary, unified approach that has been adopted by governments and municipalities worldwide to overcome these challenges. Though challenging, this transformation is essential for cities with differing technological and social features, which all have the potential to determine the success or failure of the digital transformation of cities into smart cities. In recent years, researchers, businesses, and the government have all turned their attention to the emerging field of smart cities. Accordingly, this paper aims to represent a thorough understanding of the movement toward smart cities. The key themes identified are smart city definitions and concepts, smart city dimensions, and smart city architecture of different layers. Furthermore, this article discusses the challenges and some examples of smart cities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.28-35
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• 2003

This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of social carrying capacity at mega-events, especially the 2000 Kwangju Biennale in Korea. In particular, this paper has proposed some management policies for mega events taking into account the relations between social carrying capacity, satisfaction and crowding. The research method was to look into the general characteristics and distributive forms of the location, and then to confirm the possibility of sampling the factors involved in satisfaction degree; last, A factor analysis for causal analysis of perceived crowding was performed. The study needed correlation analysis in order to compare expected crowding and perceived crowding, and performed regression to examine the causality of perceived crowding and satisfaction. The research results were as follows: the correlation of expected crowding, perceived crowding, and the total satisfaction was very low or meaningless. The relation between satisfaction and elements for factor analysis such as convenient facilities and value experience showed partial meaningfulness. The factors of convenient facilities, entrance fee, parking lot use, toilet convenience, and exhibit room use had meaningful results; on the other hand, the factors of value experience showed a meaningful result in the guide service of an event place. In conclusion when those holding an event make a basic project, they should consider management measures for convenience of facilities, proper education for guide service, and systematic guidance. Also, as a method for perceived crowding lower than expected crowding, the study has proposed that it is possible to lower expected crowding by providing appropriate information on the number of tourists expected on the weekends and weekdays. Future research should control variables such as personal characteristics, seasons proper for vacation and holidays, and carefully consider their investigation and design. Moreover, it is necessary to study variables involved in expected crowding of more various space-intensive sightseeing places (mesa-events).

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.156-163
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• 2004

The Caravanserai, which can be discovered in the Islamic States in the regions of the Northern Africa and the Middle Asia, still maintains its profound influence to the Islamic World as one of significant edifices in the Islamic World. The majority of the Islamic people at the time of the foundation of Islamic State around AD. 7th century was the nomads, and a trade by means of caravan with their neighboring people was their critical activity for obtaining the necessities of life. With its political and social condition of the Islamic State stabilized and economy developed, the scope of commerce began to grow and the scale of trading with foreign countries started to expand. Along with this economic expansion, the caravanserai began to take a shape as a channel through which not only could the commercial commodities be traded but also religious Islamic ideas and important information could be spread into and shared with the people of neighboring countries. The significance of the caravanserai comes from such observation that it did play major roles in consolidating the solidarity of Islamic states and keeping a religious unity among them. The caravanserai, heading far beyond being a mere commercial center, ultimately functioned as a seedbed of life and spirit of the Islam. Starting from the understanding of social and political significance of the caravanserai, I set the first objective of this article to read into the architecture and interior design of the caravanserai and understand the general characteristics of the Islamic architecture and interior design.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.319-335
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• 2013

Cloud computing allows users to access software or specific programs that support the cloud platform through an information communicating device that can connect to the internet anywhere or anytime. Also, the cloud architecture not only reduces the expenses of IT infrastructure construction and maintenance, but also speeds up processing and mobility, which leads to a significant ease of use. In spite of the advantages of cloud computing, previous studies have been centered on case studies of the execution, advantages, and problems of cloud computing. In contrast, empirical research on individual cloud computing up till now is very insufficient. Thus, the research aims to create a model of an individual user's perspective and verify validation. This study reveals types of influence that characteristics can have on an individual user's intention to use, by searching the characteristics that the individual user recognizes on cloud computing services. The results are as follows:first, the characteristics of cloud computing indicates a significant influence on usage intention. Second, all characteristics in cloud computing, accessibility, reliability, perceived ease of use, and fusibility, are confirmed in providing significant influences in shaping social influence forms. Third, social influence has a significant influence on usage intention.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.634-638
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• 2015

Four major social safety indexes including industrial accident, traffic accident, fire, and violent crime were selected, and transition of those values by time series data analysis since 2003 was presented. Comparing with the 2003 figure, the index of industrial accident was reduced by 27.8%, which was the most improved safety index. The indicators describing the traffic accident and violent crime rate were reduced by approximately 12%. However, the fire safety index showed an increase of 40% compared with the base year because national fire classification system was changed so that minor fire is also included in the counting since 2006.