• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2005

This study is to examine the modern women's awareness make-up in psychological standpoint based upon the survey of $20\~30$ years old women's consciousness of the motivation, the attention, the psychological utility, the attitude for make-up, the action behavior and the coordination with clothes. Modern women show a keen interest in make-up in company with the diversity of a fashion. This means the tendency which the intention for change and the expression of oneself are emphasizing on. The motivations of make-up are women's attention to other people and notice of evaluation of others and social meaning of make-up in relation with one's interest in appearances. Also, total coordination is concerned as another motivation. Make-up became the practical use and usual doings for women with the diversity of the information of make-up & the increase of cosmetics. Since there were so many women responded that they start to make up in their teens, we recognized that the women's sense of values has changed with the change of modern society.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제27권spc호
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• pp.635-650
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• 2016

This study analyzed rural experiential educational programs that are currently in operation and examined the programs' reflection of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) to explore the significance of those programs in terms of the ESD. In particular, this study analyzed cases of rural experiential educational programs from four villages in the capital region, Gyeongsang, Jeolla, and Chungcheong. The analysis results are as follows. Four villages' experiential educational programs share similar activities, such as nature experience, farming, traditional food and culture, games in nature, and craft. Each village has special programs and managements according to their geographical and environmental conditions. In addition, those programs are related to the ESD elements of health food, and cultural diversity (in sociocultural area) and of species diversity and environmental issues (in environmental area). On the other hand, the ESD elements in economic areas are not related to those programs. In addition, most of the villages plan and run experiential educational programs to keep and develop their own villages' sustainability. Rural experiential educational programs need to include various elements of ESD to develop rural communities.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2017

A pedestrian environment provides improved walking conditions and facilities for most pedestrians. However, the walking conditions for women with strollers are poor. The purpose of this study was to provide information on the walking environment planning for women with strollers in an urban housing area through analyse of walking characteristics, patterns of going out, and the psychology of them. This study surveyed 208 women who pushed a baby n a stroller in Gyeongsan. The analysis consisted of calculation of the frequencies, the mean, t-test, and ${\chi}^2$ test. The survey results revealed that, first, the women had their own favorite places in the housing area, and usually went out during the afternoon as various aims. When they went out, they felt stress both psychologically and physically, and they thought that they were weak at walking. Second, the safety and the convenience factors of walking environment were important conditions that make the women to go out often. Third, the environment that have not the accessibility, the amenity, and the diversity also restricted the women from going out with the stroller. As a result, they did mot use the stroller and tended to use their cars to go out. However, when the diversity of the environment is added to walking environment, women invreased their social interactions.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2015

This study examined the effects of Dream Start participation on the use of after-school programs, considering its emphasis on the utilization of community resources. For this, it compared the use of after-school programs in terms of the number of types and the total amount of time between children who had been participating in Dream Start and those who had not. The main findings are as follows. First, when all other conditions were held constant, children in Dream Start used more types of after-school programs compared to their correspondents. Second, children in Dream Start were more likely to use two types of after-school programs over weekdays or three types of programs for several days a week compared to their correspondents. Third, children in Dream Start spent less amount of time in the after-school programs compared to their correspondents. Even though this study found the effectiveness of Dream Start as a facilitator of community resource utilization, future research needs to examine the effects of after-school program use in terms of its diversity and amount on the development of low-income children.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.222-232
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• 2013

In recent years, 'technological fusion or convergence' has drawn a lot of attention of innovation researchers and governmental policy makers as the driving force of technological innovation and industrial growth. There are, however, few studies on the analysis of longitudinal trends of technological convergence and its comparison between global and national level. In this study, with the citation data of about 18 million articles, we analyzed 1) the growth of representative convergence research areas, 2) the convergence of citing patterns between research fields, and 3) the changing trend of diversity index of all research fields. We conclude that technological convergence in korea shows the relatively strong orientation to the combination of neighboring fields than that of heterogenous fields in comparison to global trend. In particular, the relatively weak activity of cognitive science and the low level of mutual exchange between arts/humanities/social sciences and natural/engineering sciences in Korea are emphasized.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.55-74
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• 2013

The diversity of students is getting increased in the contemporary classroom. To deal with the diversity, differentiated instruction (DI) should be considered as a way of providing alternative approaches to content, process and product according to the students' readiness, interest, and learning needs. Teachers have problems and difficulties in supporting different student's needs. In fact, teachers need proven tools including framework, guidelines or computing systems to help to practice DI in real context. According to the activity theory, tools influence on how people act and think and even their social practice, playing a crucial role in mediating the activities with people. In DI practice, there are also some studies about physical and abstract tools, but they have been not widely utilized by teachers in real schools. It means that more innovative tool to promote DI might be required. Therefore, to design a better tool to mediate the DI activities with teacher, case studies were conducted. In order to elicit the design implications, two physical and two abstract tools for DI practice were analyzed as case studies. Through the analysis of the case studies, eight design implications better to facilitate DI practice were suggested. This study has implications in suggesting design guidelines for teachers' tools to facilitate their DI practice by analyzing case studies in DI practices for an innovative tool in the educational practice.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.638-653
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• 2014

The structure of noble centered social status of the late Joseon Dynasty collapsed due to the commoner's higher status and increased level of consciousness caused by the growth of commerce and agriculture. In art, the a Korean and ethnical style dominated; however, with a diversity in the depiction of human figures in portraits, Buddhist paintings, genre paintings and folklore paintings. This study examines the diversity in human figures expressed in the paintings of the late Joseon Dynasty by expanding the common aesthetic fixed to the typical Joseon style of renowned painters. The conclusion of this study is as follows. The human figure is categorized into three different types of 'realistic', 'ideal', and 'distortion' based on the aesthetic category. First, the realistic type is defined literally by its realistic and detailed depiction of noble class portraits classified as extreme type and general type. The extreme type's formative element is hypersubtlety which includes a simultaneous aesthetic of aptness and ugliness. The general type shows subtlety with aesthetic of aptness. Second, the ideal type is defined by representing the standard form of time and criteria classified as beautified type, absolute type, and dignified type. Each shows a different character of gender of femininity, androgyny, and masculinity. Third, distortion types are defined by a characteristic expression of humans by transshaping the features in various methods categorized as grotesque, abjection, friendly, rustic, and caricature type. Each shows different formative elements of bizarre, patheticness, voluptuous, inartificial, and immaturity.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.819-836
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• 2016

근대화 이론과 경제성장 위주로 진행된 과거의 개발 패러다임이 1980년대 교착상태에 빠지게 되면서 이에 대한 대안과 돌파구로 개발을 경제성장을 넘어서 총체적인 사회발전으로 바라보는 관점이 등장했고 이를 실현시키기 위한 개발의 접근법으로서 또 수단으로서 문화에 대한 관심이 고조되었다. 포스트개발 이론들은 유럽중심주의의 개발 개념을 파괴하고 동시에 포스트식민사회의 문화 회복, 지역 자체의 내생적 개발과 다양성을 강조하는 대안적 개발 개념을 제시하였고, 공동체, 여성, 개발주권, 참여를 강조하는 신포퓰리즘개발의 움직임도 등장하였다. 국제기구 역시 유네스코를 중심으로 문화와 발전 관계에 대한 논의를 발전시켜나갔다. 본 논문은 개발학과 포스트개발, 국제기구에서의 문화와 발전 논의의 전개 양상을 살펴봄으로써 문화 개념이 이전시기와 질적으로 다르게 변화됐긴 했지만, 본질적으로 문화를 구별되고 경계가 지워진 특수한 것으로 본다는 한계가 있음을 지적한다. 이에 대한 대안으로 지리학의 관계적 장소관을 적용하여 재개념화함으로써 항상 외부와의 관계를 통해 내부적 혼종성과 다양성을 가진 것으로 인식할 필요가 있음을 주장한다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.341-354
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• 2019

Urban agriculture, which promotes communication in vulnerable classes and the formation of social networks has been gaining attention with an emphasis on healthy city, elderly-friendly city, safe city and happy city as future keywords about urban life. There is a growing interest in public awareness in many areas such as health, society, economy, and ecology. As an attempt to improve the diversity of urban gardens, this study begins with collecting suitable crops for urban gardens from "Imwongyeongjeji (林園經濟志)," an encyclopedia written by Yoo-Ku Seo, a scholar in the 18-19th century. Out of those recorded in "Gwanhyuji (灌畦志)," 128 kinds of crops with linkage of the historical achievements of the realists who gave their priority to public welfare were selected and 53 crops which had traditionality, historicality, health functionality and popularity were finally selected. The properties (cold, warm, clam) of the selected crops were evenly distributed, and there was no crop that was hot and cool. In addition, the number of crops that have a sweet taste was the highest, followed by spicy and bitter, but there was no salty vegetable, which can be attributed to the fact that 12 namuls (wild vegetables) that grow in seas were excluded in this study since they were not suitable for urban gardens. Urban gardens can be transformed from those that focus on primary production and secondary consumption activities into a new resource that offers educational and traditional values by applying humanities to urban agriculture as a content resource in the era of cultural consilience and convergence. It is expected to satisfy urban residents' intellectual and participatory needs and to enhance the diversity and utility of urban gardens by applying traditional knowledge to a new model of urban agriculture. We hope that further research will be conducted to develop new types and models of urban agriculture going forward.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제67권4호
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• pp.181-202
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 사회복지법인의 법적 성격을 살펴보고 이와 밀접히 관련된 외부이사제의 필요성을 법률적으로 검토함으로써 향후 사회복지사업법의 개정 방향에 관하여 제안하는 것이다. 사회복지법인의 법적 성격을 일률적으로 공공부문 또는 민간부문이라고 파악해온 학설 및 판례를 소개하고 이들을 비판적으로 검토하면서 본 연구는 다양한 요인을 기준으로 시설법인의 성격과 지원법인의 성격을 구분하는 성격 이원론을 제시한다. 성격 이원론에 따르면, 시설법인의 경우 상대적으로 공공성이 강하여 공공부문에 가깝고 이에 따라 사적자치가 제한될 수 있으므로 외부이사제의 필요성이 크고 법률적으로도 합헌이라고 볼 수 있다. 반면, 지원법인의 경우 상대적으로 공공성이 약하여 민간부문에 가깝고 이에 따라 사적자치가 보장되어야 하므로 외부이사제의 필요성이 크지 않고 법률적으로도 위헌의 소지가 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 시설법인에 대하여만 외부이사제를 적용하고, 지원법인에 대하여는 투명성을 담보할 수 있는 규제만을 남겨두고 외부이사제를 폐지하는 것이 바람직하다는 입법론을 제안한다. 이렇게 할 때 사회복지법인들의 고유한 사업목적과 운영철학이 존중되고 사회복지서비스의 다양성이 실현될 수 있을 것이다.