• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.21 no.9
• /
• pp.113-117
• /
• 2021

The article defines the basic concepts: "election campaign", "social capital", "conversion of social capital"; the principles and methods of research of social capital conversion in election campaigns are studied; the process of using social capital in politics is defined; ways of converting social capital into politics are considered; the possibilities of converting social capital in election campaigns are described. Election campaigns have been found to be a successful form of social capital conversion. The ability to use social capital in the election campaign speaks of its high potential. Election campaigns are not an effective use of social capital.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.53-72
• /
• 2023

Objective: This study examined the effects of cooking activities related to seasonal customs on the language expression ability and pro-social behaviors of young children. Methods: Participants consisted of thirty-four 5-year-old children who were attending S preschool in Jeollanamdo. Seventeen children belonged to the experimental group and seventeen children to the comparative group. The experimental group participated in cooking activities related to seasonal customs, and the comparative group in cooking activities according to life themes of Nuri curriculum. Results: The results of this study revealed a significant improvement in the language expression ability and pro-social behaviors of young children in the experimental group. That is to say, the scores of the language expression ability and pro-social behaviors of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the comparative group. Conclusion/Implications: This study carries significant implications for the early childhood field as it provides valuable insight into teaching-learning activities that effectively enhance the language expression ability and pro-social behaviors of young children.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.243-263
• /
• 2004

Recently, International electronic commerce has been rapidly increasing. Over the past decade, e-commerce on the business foundation of the Internet compound has entered extensive areas of international trade and social activity. This paper focuses on the system establishment of customs duties of import goods in Global e-Commerce. Today, USA, EU and some major countries, International Organization insisted to Tariff-free woe in customs duty. This study also will discuss the effect of imposition of import duties. In order to impose customs duties, it needs to establish a system scheme, especially, because international payment of BtoC Commerce occur by the Credit Card. This study deals with Customs duties of import goods in Global e-Commerce.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.151-164
• /
• 2021

The paper identifies the enablers (drivers) and inhibitors (barriers) influencing e-customs implementation in Vietnam (known as a developing country with a lower technological environment) along with determining the impact of e-customs on firm performance. The survey was conducted with the representatives (managers) of firms in five cities and provinces dominating Vietnam's international trade. The data was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings show two significant drivers (enablers) - relative advantages and national culture, while compatibility and ease of use are the barriers. Previous studies showed that cultural dimensions related to 'uncertainty acceptance' and 'individualism' encourage innovation; however, this paper demonstrates that 'uncertainty avoidance' and 'collectivism' promote e-customs deployment in Vietnam. Previously, Vietnamese culture was known for scoring high on cultural dimensions related to 'power distance' and 'short-term orientation'. However, today, as an emerging country, Vietnamese has switched to 'low distance' and 'long-term orientation', especially in terms of e-customs innovation. Additionally, the paper also emphasized that e-customs implementation had a positive influence on firm performance in Vietnam. Based on the results of the paper, policy-makers can devise essential solutions to enhance e-customs implementation as well as managers of firms can set-up strategies to adapt to the modernized environment.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.17-32
• /
• 2006

This essay has attempted to document the actual behavior patterns and the social networks related to the child delivery in the pre-industrial Korean society. We interviewed 30 women who had given birth to their first child during the 1930s and the 1940s in order to accumulate data related to son-prayer rites, prenatal care and food avoidance, sacred-string culture, and other incantation rituals. The characteristics of the social relationships with the person who had assisted the delivery and the recovery were also analyzed in terms of kinship networks. The results are as follows. First, there was a big gap between knowledge and the actual practices in birth rituals and customs. We assume that this is due to the adverse social-economic conditions at that time which may have restricted the actual performances of these customs. Second, there were almost no differences of the performance of these' birth customs between the urban areas and the rural areas. Third, the people who assisted the delivery were women who were mostly from the husband's family. Help from the wife's family were quite exceptional. Finally, it has been found out that only about half of the women who were interviewed performed the well-known custom of three-week after-birth confinement.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.101-114
• /
• 2023

With the development of information and communication technology and the growth of e-commerce, the scale of international B2C transactions is expanding, and the scale of overseas direct purchase through online platforms will grow further in the future. However, with the growth of overseas direct purchase, the scale of illegal income is also growing, causing social problems. Under the current Customs Act, if a purchasing agent falsely provides a customs value and a shortage of tax occurs, the purchasing agent and the consumer, the shipper at the time of import declaration, are jointly and severally liable for tax payment. enemy improvement is needed This study proposed opinions on the problem of consumer damage caused by purchasing agents and institutional improvement in the Customs Act to solve it.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 1994

The purpose of this research is to investigate the attitude toward traditional customs of family occasions - New Year Day, Full Moon Day, a Wedding ceremony, funeral, 1st year birthday, 60th birthday, other birthdays, and a residential move. The number of 1049 respondents in Seoul, Kyungki, Chungbuk are selected for the empherical study. The findings show that the traditional customs, in gernal, should be succeded at home. However, the attitude toward the traditional customs differ according to age as well as sex, income, social status, and hometown. No suprises the older are more strongly want to succeed the traditions. A survey study on actual family lifes related to the occasions should be followed.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.259-275
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze trade environment and examine a commercial practices for a successful launching of Indian market In general, Indian trade environment is composed of a natural environment, religious peculiarity, history and politic and economic prospect. In order to understand Indian commercial practices and secure business achievements, its national character, mode of living, customs related to foods and social relations such as exchange of gifts, religious taboos, tendency of product preference should be recognized. The results of the study indicate mostly that even though an excellent brand image, a good quality and an efficient sales network are a basic factor for making of a successful business, practically it is more important to understand a business customs and national character of indian people. Because business is accomplished through relationship between human beings eventually.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.36-52
• /
• 2008

Writer Hong Myung-hee, author of the novel Im Kkeok Jeong, provided an excellent description of the costume customs of the Chosun era, based on an understanding of various historical texts and literature by practical science proponents, and experience gained from the Hong household of Pungsan, a noble family of high standing during the Chosun dynasty. However, there is a tendency towards descriptions of late Chosun era customs, rather than 16th century customs, with the intent of heightening the image of what most people felt to represent Chosun and its prestige, thereby generating greater reader sympathy. Therefore, information on the costume customs of the novel 1m Kkeok Jeong is analyzed and re-formed to fit with the temporal setting of the 16th century. By providing data to aid visual understanding and re-creation, the intent is to accept it as material for the rumination of our ancestors and their lifestyles in the 16th century. The novel provides a good description of Chosun economic customs, in which cotton and hemp were used not only as fabric for clothes, but also as currency. The trade value of cotton drapery or hemp drapery with dimensions of 5 strand density at a length of 35 ja per roll was designated as 5 mal (about 90 liters) of rice by national law, but the actual value varied depending on the production of rice. Also, it is possible to confirm the existence of sang po with dimensions of 3 strand density at a length of 30 ja per roll, or 2 strand density seochongdae cotton, which was used only as currency due to the rough quality. Characteristics of the Chosun dynasty, a class-based society, are described through distinctions of attire. The writer's intent regarding the symbolic nature of attire reflecting social position, a characteristic of the entire Chosun period, is analyzed with the presentation of visual material.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 2017

Purpose - These days, Korean society with more than 2 million foreigners has made multi-cultural society quickly. Multi-cultural society has become popular and anti multi-cultural phenomenon has grown up gradually against Korea's traditional habits. Research design, data, and methodology - European countries that were said to be multi-cultural society had suffered from terror, riot and other social conflicts. The study examined Koreans' racism and anti multi-cultural emotion to investigate the conditions and causes of anti multi-cultural emotion. Further, this study investigates a prevention of the worst case such as Norway terror and the countermeasures compared to each country's social customs. Results - Koreans are not generous to the foreigners. Foreign countries' cases after failures in multi-cultural society might give future implications on multi-cultural society in Korea. Conclusions - Korean society have not produced new one by introducing another races, nationality and culture not cognizing failure experiences of multi-culturalism like Europe. Nonetheless, Korean society shall not give up multi-culturalism. Korean society shall prepare for multi-culturalism society to lessen social conflict as much as possible and not to neglect anti culturalism emotion producing social conflict, and shall investigate the related causes to lessen anti multi-culturalism emotion and to integrate Korean style of multi-culturalism society for Korea as a tool of nation management.