• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.64-87
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is aimed to grasp the factors, which may influence the harmonized organizational efficiency of the objects of hospital structure as well as its structural constituents of each departments of administration, nursing, and para-medical personnels, in order to provide basic data enable to contribute in the development of hospital. The survey data involved in the study was derived from 385 personnels working in 5 medium and small sized hospitals in Seoul area. The main finding of the study can be summarized as follows; 1. The organizational efficiency in accordance with the general characteristics of subjects in order of male, over 30 years of age, university graduates, long-term tenure and high position is higher, whereas, in as much as wage and well trained personnels in administration departments are higher, its organizational efficiency is higher in comparison with those of nursing and para-medical departments. 2. The organizational efficiency in accordance with satisfaction and the motive contributional factors is higher as much as the high satisfactory level in every departments in general. 3. The organizational efficiency in accordance with the factors of job characteristics is higher in as much as difficulty of the jobs is lesser, however there was not statically significance between administration and para-medical departments. In as much as the job circulation is intact, job standard level is higher and the more job responsibility the higher organizational efficiency, while the more workload and the more work feud resulted lower organizational efficiency. It was obvious that the higher professional expertise as well as the training and application level are improving the organizational efficiency. 4. The organizational efficiency in accordance with the factors of structural characteristics was higher in as much as the intercommunication was smooth and the structural formalization level are higher, however there was not statically significance between the participation level of decision making and the organizational efficiency. 5. In as much as higher educational level of over university graduates, management of organization and the job level are satisfied, the psychological motive contributional level is higher, while the lesser job difficulty, the smooth job performance, the higher level of professional expertise, the higher structural formalization level, the smooth intercommunication, have affected as major influence factors of the structural characteristics of organizational efficiency. 6. As the management of hospital organization, the job level and personal relation are satisfied or psychological motive is provided, especially when there are no difficult jobs or smooth job circulation and no job feud are prevailing, it was apparent that the organizational efficiency is improving accordingly. The nursing departments has high educational standard and is satisfied in the management and job level of hospital organization as there are no difficult jobs while the level of hospital's organizational formality is high and the intercommunication is smooth, which are improving the organizational efficiency. The para-medical departments is also satisfied the management and job level of hospital organization and it was apparent that the organizational efficiency is higher in as much as the level of job standardization is high and the intercommunication is smooth. As a result of this study, in order for improving the organizational efficiency of the medium and small sized hospitals, the management and job level as well as personal relation are preferably satisfied, whereas the level of job circulation, job responsibility, the expertise and formalization of organization, intercommunication and etc. should be satisfied, and, therefore, it is advisable to buildup discriminated organizational management and environment for different division on the basis above factors. Since this study is carried on several hospitals in Seoul area, there is a certain limit to generalize its result to all domestic hospitals, nevertheless the gallop poll was made by developing the questionnaires with reasonability and reliability. Especially, as the study was carried by analyzing the comparison of influence factors' difference of organizational efficiency in accordance with the divisional characteristics of the medium and small sized hospitals.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 1997

It is not clearly known how surface defects or inclusions of a medium carbon steel affect a fatigue strength. In this study, we used SM35C specimens with spheroidized cementite structure to eliminate dependence of micro structure of fatigue crack. The investigation was carried out by behavior of crack closure at non-propagation crack and effect of the fatigue limit according to the artificial defects size. Experimental findings are obtained as follows : (1) Fatigue crack initiation point of medium carbon steel with spheroidized cementite structure is at the surface defects. (2) Non-propagating crack length of smooth specimen is equal to the critical size of defect. (3) Considering the opening and closure behavior of fatigue crack, the defect shape results in various crack opening displacement, while it does not affects the fatigue limit level of medium carbon steel with spheroidized cementite structure. (4) The critical length of the non-propagation crack of smooth specimen is the same as critical size of defect in transient area which determines threshold condition in steel with spheroidized cementite structure.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.3538-3556
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• 2014

This paper proposes a novel video stitching method that improves real-time performance and visual quality of a multi-camera video surveillance system. A two-stage seam searching algorithm based on enhanced dynamic programming is proposed. It can obtain satisfactory result and achieve better real-time performance than traditional seam-searching methods. The experiments show that the computing time is reduced by 66.4% using the proposed algorithm compared with enhanced dynamic programming, while the seam-searching accuracy is maintained. A real-time local update scheme reduces the deformation effect caused by moving objects passing through the seam, and a seam-based local color transfer model is constructed and applied to achieve smooth transition in the overlapped area, and overcome the traditional pixel blending methods. The effectiveness of the proposed method is proved in the experiements.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.310-313
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• 2002

Structures obtained with a direct boning of two FZ silicon wafers joined in such a way that a smooth surface of one wafer was attached to the grooved surface of the other were studied. A square net of grooves was made with a conventional photo lithography process. After high temperature annealing the appearance of voids and the rearrangement of structural defects were observed with X-ray diffraction topography techniques. It was shown that the formation of void free grooved boundaries was feasible. In the cases when particulate contamination was prevented, the voids appeared in the grooved structures could be eliminated with annealing. Since it was found that the flattening was accompanied with plastic deformation, this deformation was suggested to be intensively involved in the process of void removal. A model was proposed explaining the interaction between the structural defects resulted in "a dissolution" of cavities. The described processes may occur in grooved as well as in smooth structures, but there are the former that allow to manage air traps and undesirable excess of dislocation density. Grooves can be paths for air leave. According to the established mechanisms, if not outdone, the dislocations form local defect arrangements at the grooves permitting the substantial reduction in defect density over the remainder of the interfacial area.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2009

The cuticle of spider's exoskeleton is a hydrophobic and non-adhesive material, but the jumping spiders have the distinctive attachment apparatus for adhesion on smooth dry surface without sticky fluids. We have examined the whole tarsal appendages of the jumping spider, Plexippus setipes with using scanning electron microscope to reveal the fine structural characteristics of the dry adhesion system. All eight legs have the scopulae with a pair of claws on the tip of feet. Each scopula is composed of two groups of setae that are capable of dry adhesion on smooth surface, and the hook structure of the claw is advanced to move on the rough surface. The setae toward the bottom of the tarsal segment are densely covered by numerous setules on the underside which broadened from middle to distal portion. It has been revealed by this research that the contact area of the setule is always a triangular shape, and these cuticular surfaces are connected by the elongated stalks from the underlying setae. It is likely that the nano-scale structures including a triangular depression and a longitudinal groove on each setule could functionate when the spider detach its feet from the substrate.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.141-150
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• 1976

In order to know the morphological changes of liver in nitrate poisoning, the ultrastructural studies were carried out on the rabbit liver after potassium nitrate was administered orally at lethal dose, in single treatment, as acute case and at two different levels. 1.0 and 0.5g/kg of body weight daily for 43 and 60 days as chronic case, respectively, The results were summarized as followings: 1. In the hepatic cells of acute case, mitochondria were swollen, disappearance of cristae and variable in shape. Dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum and vacuoles containing degenerated cell organells were observed. Glyogen particles were decreased in number. Degenerated Kupffer cells were often seen in acute case. 2. In the hepatic cells of chronic case, there were increase of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, marked enlargement of rough endcplasmic reticulum, detachment of membrane bound ribosome and some rough endoplasmic reticulum changed into smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Secondary lysosome, abundant glycogen paricles and myelin-figure structures were also observed in the cytoplasm of the hepatic cells. The endothelial cells were proliferated in the area of the necrotic cells.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.554-570
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• 1990

he rolling contact behaviors between a smooth ball and a flat rough surface under dynamic load are intricately affected by many factors, such as the diameter of a ball, normal load and the roughness of a flat surface etc. Accordingly, the experimental study is done to find them on the base of elastic hysteresis loss as theoretical approach is very difficult. The experimental apparatus composed of damped-free vibration system is used. This paper investigates the damping characteristics on the rolling contact area through rolling friction force and logarithmic decrement versus displacement obtained in accordance with the variations of those factors, and presents a new experimental method to find out contact width using the relations of logarithmic decrement and rolling friction force with displacement.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 한국시뮬레이션학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.61-66
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• 2003

Mobile IP has been designed only to maintain communication as they move form place to place, so it doesn't guarantee Quality of Service(QoS). QoS in mobile IP is important to provide multimedia and real-time applications services in mobile, and it is closely related to handoff delay. Therefore, handoff delay problem is actively studied to guarantee QoS as a main issue in mobile IP research area Next generation Mobile IPv6 resolve this problem somewhat, triangle problem for first packet and handoff delay still remain. In this paper, we suggest SNMP Information-based routing that adds keyword management method to Information-based routing in active network in order to resolve such a problem, and then suggest QoS controlled handoff based on SNMP Information-Based routing. After modeling of suggested method and existing handoff method simulations we carried out with NS-2 for performance evaluation. The results of simulations show the some improvement on handoff delay, and therefore on QoS improvement.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2000

Leaf area is critical for crop light interception, and thereby has a substantial influence on crop yield. This experiment was conducted to characterize the development of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] leaf area. Plastochron index and leaf relative growth rate of Jackson was contrasted with the PI416937, which also has demonstrated tolerance to drought. First, plastochron ratio (PR) and plastochron index (PI) were evaluated in greenhouse to compare the leaf growth rate between two genotypes under well-watered condition. There was reasonable constancy of PR between two genotypes. The PR means of Jackson and PI416937 were 0.41 and 0.44, respectively. A fairly smooth increase of PI during vegetative stage was observed. Second, the relative growth rates were graphed against leaf area, normalized with respect to final leaf area, under well-watered and water-deficit conditions. Leaf growth was sustained longer in well-watered condition than water-deficit condition and there was a sizable proportion of leaves which was ceased earlier their growth in water-deficit condition compared to well-watered condition. The leaf relative growth rate of Jackson until leaves had completed at 45% of their growth during water deficit period was higher than that of PI416937.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.473-488
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• 2023

Gangwon-do is one of Korea's most popular tourist destinations, with varying tourism demands and trends across its subregions. It is crucial to identify the characteristics of tourism in each area and compare the tourism patterns over time to devise policies that revitalize tourism in each local government and promote balanced development across regions. In this paper, we classify the regions in Gangwon-do based on tourism data from the last four years and analyze the tourism pattern of each region using the non-Euclidean additive model proposed by Jeon et al. (2021). The model incorporates the proportions of visitors by age groups and the proportions of navigation searches by destination types as two covariates, and the proportions of tourism expenditure types as a response variable. We estimate the model using the smooth-backfitting method and coordinate-wise bandwidth selection. The results are visualized in ternary plots, and changes in tourism patterns over time are analyzed by comparing the ratios of prediction errors to fitting errors.