• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.74-100
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• 1989

Inspite of the lots of studies on the harmfulness of cigarette smoking to the body published by many researchers since 1950, cigarette smoking people are increasing in number especially, cigarette smoking by young and women causes a serious problem. Examining the physiological motives of youth shows that, impulse which the youth want to immitate the adults, alluring curiousity, and defiant physiology of escaping from the norm of traditional groups which has been banned are cooperated well compoundly. As the period of the youth is the one which they accumulate knowledge and charactor by learning as well as the period of growth mentally, and physically they should be rightly educated about smoking before they addicted to smoking and it is desirable for us to make the youth to understand how harmfully the smoking is to effect to their growth and mental soundness simply not as a social norm which they should not smoke. The main motive of this study on the attitude of smoking by the youth is to give basic materials related on this field. For this study, 647 questionnaires were used as studying material which were able to analyze among 720 questionnaires of 2 classes of each grade of 3 high schools among the high schools of boys, girls and co-educated in Seoul from Oct. 21, 1988 through Oct. 26, 1988. Study Instrument are graded in Likert's 5 point from 40 questions which are 20 questions m affirmations and 20 questions in negations after analyzing the factors on 60 simple sentence questions which the students showed in preliminary studies. And these are systemized to be measured from 1 point which means they think smoking IS very bad to 5points which means they think smoking is really good. In these collected materials, technical statistics of frequency. percentage, average, standard deviation are used for general character and smoking attitude, $X^2-test$ for examinning Independant variables of physical. emotional, ethical and other areas pearson's coefficient of correlation for related direction and degree" and step­regression analysis for the degree of relative contribution of all variables which effect smoking attitude. The results of this study are as follows; 1. The smoking attitude of high school boys and girls showed average of 1.78 in physical area, 2.63 in emotional area, 2.61 in ethical area, 2.29 in other area respectively in a negative attitude generally also the negative attitude are expressed most strongly in physical area. I've can also say by this results that smoking is harmful to their health and further more it can be judged that this proves the youth in the period of preparation be adults have a strong curiousity in the emotional, ethical and other areas. 2. The most influential variables in each field as related factors effecting smoking attitude of the student can be explained from 13.2 in physical area the lowest experienced variables to 25.2 in emotional area the highest of degree of smoking experience. The fact that the more the smoking experienced students are increasing in number the higher tendency which accept the' smoking tells as the importance of health education about the population of latest student's smoking as important variables shown equally in each area. Those of grade, age, numbers of smoking people in house are showed meaningful in pure interrelation. Those related to the acceptance of teacher's smoking, sex, mothors education are shown meaningful in opposite interrelations. This means that the' increasing number' of smoking people in grade age, the number of smoker in family have a affirmative attitude. And people who are not interested in teacher's smoking wants to quit it, and whose mother's education is higher have a negative attitude. 3. The most negatively answered questions of the smoking attitude In physical, emotional, ethical and other areas are as belows; Firstly too much smoking is harmful to our health is 1.12 point. Secondly smoking have a ill-effect on pregnancy and embryo is 1.13 point. Thirdly smoking is harmful· to our health is 1.27 point. Fourthly smoking in crowed area with the people such as In a bus or subway should be prohibited is 1.27point. Fifthly smoking can ruin lungs is 1.31 point. And the most affirmatively answered questions are also as below; Firstly we showed smoke depending on time and place is 3.96 points. Secondly smoking is just habit is 3.83 points. Thirdly smoking people seem to be unable and deplorable is 3.69 point. Fourthly smoking should be prohibited by law is 3.56 points. Fifthly high school student's smoking is immitation of adults is 3.52 points.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.127-145
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• 2000

The objectives of this study are to identify health behaviors and health problems. and the relations between health behaviors and health problems of female workers in the retail business. The number of subjects were 200 female workers of 6 department stores in Seoul and Kyonggi area, whose jobs last more than 6 months as retail employees. The data was collected during 2 months from July 1 to August 30, 1998. The Cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire(CMI) was used to measure their health problems, while health behaViorn were investigated in terms of 'smoking', 'alcohol', exercise', 'diet', and 'sleeping'. The data were analyzed with frequency. percentage, t-test, ANOVA test, and $X^2-test$ by SPSS PC+ program. The results of this study are as follows: 1. Out of health problems. Digestive symptoms occupied the highest percent number. nervous ones the second and cardiovascular ones the third among physical health problems of retail female workers. The most frequent mental health problem was 'adequacy' and the next, 'tension' and 'anger', 2, Health problems according to general characteristics of subjects were shown that the younger or the unmarried complained more than the older or the married, especially in the items of 'eye and ear', 'respiratory system', 'cardiovascular system', 'digestive tract', 'nervous system', 'adequacy', and 'depression'. The longer working duration they have had, the more they complained of 'respiratory system' and 'adequacy'. The lower academic careers complained of 'nervous' than the higher ones with statistical significance. 3. The analysis of daily health clinic notes showed that respiratory complaints were the highest percent, successively followed by digestive tract, nervous one, external injury, musculoskeletal system, urinary-reproductive system and others. 4. The level of their health practice was generally low in smoking, diet habit and alcohol intake, exercise, sleeping, very low especially in smoking, diet, alcohol intake, and exercise among them all. 5. Present smokers and ones with past experience complained of physical and mental health problems of 'respiratory system', 'digestive tract', 'skin', 'nervous', 'urinary-reproductive system', 'fatigability', adequacy', 'depression', 'anxiety', 'anger' and 'tension', than non smokers, with statistical difference. Workers without having breakfast and with irregular diet had more complaints on 'digestive tract', 'adequacy' and 'tension', than those who had regular dietary habit. The less the subjects slept, the more they complained of eye and ear, cardiovascular system. The subjects who drank alcohol complained more digestive problem. However, whether they exercise or not did not affect physical and mental health problems in a significant manner. 6. The subjects' age and marital status were statistically significant relating to health behaviors, as the younger or unmarried recorded a low level of health practice in smoking, drinking, dietary habit. Based on the results, the suggestions are made as follows: 1. Health education program on smoking, alcohol intake, diet habit is needed to improve health problems and health behavior of female retail workers. 2. The unmarried workers of late teen and twenties, who are transitional period from teenagers to adulthood are important targets for health promotion program especially for maternal health. 3. Better working environment with sufficient time and facilities for workers to relax is required to promote female sales workers' health. 4. Further research is required to identify the relation between workers' visual fatigue and intense lights for the display of goods.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.957-967
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to confirm health behaviors that affect periodontal health status. Based on these results, we also intended to provide information for the prevention of gingivitis prior to periodontitis and establish strategies for maintaining healthy periodontal tissues. Methods: Data for this descriptive study were extracted from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2015. A total of 2,710 adults, aged 19-39 years were included in this study. Complex logistic regression analyses were performed to confirm relationships between health behaviors and periodontal health, after adjusting for socio-demographics, oral and systemic health status. Results: Dental clinic visits (odd ratio [OR] = 1.761, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.391-2.229), use of floss (OR = 1.504, 95% CI; 1.213-1.865), and non-smoking (OR = 1.269, 95% CI; 1.040-1.549) were found to support periodontal health. Conclusions: Dental visits for continued professional oral health care, self-oral care including interdental flossing, and a non-smoking habit, are necessary for periodontal health maintenance. Additionally, the results suggest that physical activities such as regular walking can help. These methods should be considered as the primary preventative care strategies for minimizing the occurrence of gingival inflammation.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.172-180
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• 2003

This study was performed to document the weight loss diet practice and dietary habit related to weight control in child-bearing Korean women. The subjects were 1,434 women aged 17-39 years. The subjects were classified into 3 groups based on BMI: low weight(LW) BMI < 18.5; normal weight(NW), 18.5 BMI 22.9; and overweight(OW), 23.0 BMI. Anthropometric, general characteristics, weight control practice, and the quality of diet were assessed by a questionnaire. LW group had higher rate of smoking and drinking. They also complained more subjective symptom of anemia and used less nutritional supplementation. Weight loss diet had been practiced by about 40% of subjects and the percent was increased with increasing BMI. The reason of weight loss diet were significantly different by BMI groups(p<0.05); LW to keep body in shape, OW for health. Low BMI group had experienced more side effects after weight loss diet(p<0.05). LW group usually used inappropriate method to control weight such as skipping meals and some of OW group reported using drug to lose weight. All subjects have been skipped their meals of 3.9 times per week, especially 4.3 times in LW group. By mini dietary assessment, most of the subjects did not have regular meals. LW group tended to eat what they like and OW group preferred fried food. This study showed that child-bearing aged women make a ceaseless effort apart from their weight, and LW group have a matter of grave concern because of their dietary habit and weight control practice. Additional research should be necessary to assess the relation of health and weight loss diet in young women.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.937-944
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• 2012

청소년기의 흡연은 음주, 약물남용 등의 다른 건강위험행태로의 관문역할을 할 뿐 아니라 성인기의 생활습관으로 이어져 일평생의 건강을 위협 할 잠재적 요소를 내포하고 있다. 본 연구는 우리나라 중 고등학고 남녀학생을 대상으로 흡연 경험과 인터넷 중독과의 관계를 알아보고자 한다. 2009년 우리나라 중학생 38,409명, 고등학생 36,657명 총 75,066명을 대상으로 조사되었다. 흡연경험 여부와 인터넷 중독 여부는 빈도분석과 카이제곱 검정을 하였고 흡연경험과 인터넷 중독과의 관계는 로지스틱회귀분석을 실시하였다. 통계적 유의성은 0.05 미만으로 하였다. 대상자의 흡연경험은 남학생이 34.2%, 여학생은 19.7%로 나타났고 인터넷 중독은 남학생이 17.6%, 여학생이 11.4%로 조사되었으며, 흡연경험 있는 남학생이 흡연경험 없는 학생의 1.06배 여학생은 흡연경험 있는 학생이 없는 학생보다 1.62배 유의하게 높았다. 본 연구 결과는 부정적인 건강생활습관인 흡연경험이 인터넷 중독 경향에 유의하게 관련되어 있으며, 흡연경험이 비흡연경험에 비해 높은 스트레스를 갖고 있고, 이러한 스트레스가 인터넷 중독으로 발전해 가는 경향을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 청소년기의 흡연행위와 컴퓨터 중독은 청소년기의 위험행동으로 서로 영향을 미치고 있으므로 각각의 행위에 대한 개별적인 예방과 치료를 하기보다는 흡연과 스트레스, 인터넷 중독을 복합적인 건강위험행위로 보아 대책을 종합적으로 강구해야 할 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2003

The present study was designed to evaluate the factors influential on stress and subjective fatigue symptoms based on school life environments and daily life styles among high school students. The self-administered questionnaires were delivered to 2,381 high school students of both sexes in Taejon Metropolitan city during the period from Mar. 1st to Jun. 30th, 2000. The analysis of study results revealed the following findings: 1. According to the magnitude of stress, the normal subjects were 3.1%, the groups with potential stress were 64.7%, and the groups at high risk for stress were 32.2%. Higher level of stress existed in the female than the male students, and in the third grader than the 1st and 2nd graders. According to the classification of typical constitutional symptoms of fatigue, category III (group with bodily projection of fatigue) was the most frequent and it was followed by category II (group with difficulty in concentration) and category I (group with dullness and sleepiness) in a decreasing order of frequency, which showed that the predominant pattern of fatigue arose from the body parts. 2. With regard to the school life characteristics and stress scores, the higher scores of stress were shown in the groups with the lower grades, with worse friend's relation and with the lower satisfaction with the school life. The scores for the subjective fatigue symptoms were higher in the male, in the low graders, in the better friend's relation, and in the satisfactory group than the respective counterparts. 3. Concerning home life characteristics, the higher scores of stress were associated with the students characterized by the recognized poor economic conditions, lower interests of parents, lack of satisfaction with the home life, the poor subjective health status. On the other hand, the scores for the subjective fatigue symptoms were higher in the student groups with good economic conditions, higher interests of parents, presence of satisfaction with the home life, and good subjective health status. 4. Concerning daily life styles, the higher scores of stress were in the students who had inappropriate sleep hours, skipped breakfasts, daily consumption of intermeal snacks, lack of exercise, daily smoking, normal indices of obesity, and lower indices of health habit. Conversely, the scores of subjective fatigue symptoms were higher in the groups who had daily breakfasts, no intermeal snacks, daily exercise, no smoking than their counterparts. 5. The factors exerting influence upon the stress included the satisfaction with school life, friend's relation, satisfaction with the home life, exercise, school grades, interests of parents, school year, sex, scores of health habit, degree of obesity, economic conditions of home. Those influencing on the degree os stress included stress, intermeal snacks, smoking, friend's relation and satisfaction with the home life.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.269-277
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• 2001

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the total lifestyle patterns. of allergy and non-allergy group. Method. The study was carried out to access the lifestyle patterns such as food intake, smoking, alcohol intake and exercise habits by questionnairing the no allergy people and 205 non-allergy people living in Seoul area. Results. 1. The proportion of eating stimulatory food materials-mainly hot and salty-of allergy group were significantly higher than those of non-allergy group. 2. In allergy group, the proportion of meat intake was significantly higher than that of non-allergy. 3. In allergy group, exercise habit was higher than that of non-allergy, but not significant. 4. In allergy group, smoking was lower than that of non-allergy, but not significant. 5. In allergy group, alcohol intake was lower than that of non-allergy, but not significant. Conclusion. Lifestyle patterens such as food intake(salt and meat) were significantly different by prevalence of allergy and allergy type, which suggested that lifestyle patterns of allergy people need to be studied to develop preventive stratagies for allergic reaction.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to identify the variables which affect BMI and the relationships among BMI and socio-demographic variables and health-related behaviors among women in Pajoo city. A self-report questionnaire was used covering questions regarding health, eating habits and health related behaviors such as smoking and drinking behavior, exercise, weight management, etc. Test of significance for differences between the groups were performed with $X^2$-test and hierarchial regression. The level of BMI has a positive relationship with age, married status, and weight management among Pajoo citizens in Korea. This study may be utilized in preparation and planning for dementia prevention programs and policies of older people. Also it can be useful for developing and enhancing various health programs and policies and policies when applied appropriately.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.6169-6179
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• 2015

본 논문은 특성화고 여학생을 대상으로 자율성 증진 금연 프로그램을 적용하여 일일 흡연량, 타액 코티닌, 지각된 동기 및 자율성에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위한 유사 실험연구이다. 연구 대상자는 경상북도 G시와 K시의 흡연 여학생 47명이었으며, 자율성 증진 금연 프로그램은 주 2회 총 8회 동안 실시되었다. 자료 수집 기간은 2013년 4월 1일부터 4월 26일까지 약 1개월이였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 유의수준 5%하에서 서술적 통계, T-검정을 시행하였다. 연구결과 자율성 증진 금연 프로그램을 제공받은 실험군은 제공받지 않은 대조군보다 일일 흡연량이 유의하게 줄어들고(p=.044) 타액 코티닌 음성 반응이 유의하게 많아졌으며(p=.048), 지각된 동기(p=.001)와 자율성(p=.027) 점수는 유의하게 높아졌다. 이는 자율성 증진 금연 프로그램이 학교 금연 프로그램으로 흡연 여고생의 금연율을 높이기 위한 방안으로 적용가능하다는 것을 시사한다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.465-473
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• 1994

This study was carried out to evaluate the relations between sociodemographic, work-related factors and health related behaviors in a group of 1,042 workers in Taejeon and Chungnam area. The results were as followings: The older workers took more irregularly meals, more cigarette and more alcohol than the younger. Men had more appropriate sleeping time, more regular exercise than women, but more frequent alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking. The married had more regular sleeping habit than the unmarried. The group of married were smoking more and obese. In view of monthly income which represent the socioeconomic state of workers, the group of more than 1 million won had more frequent alcohol ingestion, more heavier body weight than another group of less than 1 million won. Workers having their work hours exceed 9 hours had inappropriate sleep duration, and shift workers took more irregularly meals. The group having poor self-rated health status showed more regular diet, exercise and overweight. Workers recently experienced chronic illness were more overweight and lesser smokers. Above results showed that the health related behaviors were related to the sociodemographic characteristics and occupation-related characteristics. The study for relationship between variant factors affecting health behavior and disease or mortality is need and it should be emphasized that the publicity and education of health related behavior for industrial workers is necessary.