• Title/Summary/Keyword: Smoking Intention

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Effectiveness of Smoking Prevention Program based on Social Influence Model in the Middle School Students (흡연예방교육에 의한 청소년들의 흡연에 대한 지식 및 태도변화와 흡연량의 감소 효과)

  • Roh, Won-Hwan;Kang, Pock-Soo;Kim, Sok-Beom;Lee, Kyeong-Soo
    • Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.37-56
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    • 2001
  • This study was conducted to analyze the degree of changes in knowledge and attitude toward smoking and to examine the factors affecting knowledge and attitude for smoking after providing a smoking prevention program based on social influence model for a year to middle school students. Study population consists of 665 subjects of middle school students(aged 14 years) in Gumi city in Kyeongsangbukdo Province. Among them three-hundred sixty-seven students(intervention group) were educated to a smoking prevention program for 1 year from April 1999 to April 2000. School-based four-class program to prevent smoking was developed. The program provides instruction about short and long-term negative physiologic and social consequences of smoking and also discussed the health hazards of smoking, social pressure to smoke, peer norms regarding tobacco use, and refusal skill. A 45-item self-administered structured questionnaire was designed to evaluate the change of knowledge, attitude, smoking rate and the amount of smoking. The instrument was comprised of 11 knowledge items, thirteen attitude item and demographic items. Each scales were created by summing responses to each items within each scales and high scores on the knowledge, attitude, and smoking behavioral intention scales indicated positive responses. Based on the changes before and after the implementation of smoking prevention program between intervention and control group, the change of scores on knowledge were significantly different between the control group and the intervention group(p<0.05) and the change of scores on the attitude toward smoking was significantly different between intervention and control group. The change of smoking rate were not showing a significant difference between two groups but the amount of smoking were significantly reduced in intervention group than control group. In multiple regression analysis on changes of knowledge about smoking, the variables of smoking prevention program education, previous knowledge on smoking and students' school performance were selected the significant variables. In multiple regression to analysis of the factors influencing changes in attitude toward smoking, the variables of smoking prevention program education, previous knowledge on smoking were shown to be significant. The smoking prevention program was effective on change of knowledge and attitude of middle school students. In considering that the policy should be needed to extent of implementation of school-based health education curricula based on social influence model and it would contribute to reduce smoking of students.

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Longitudinal Patterns of Stages of Changes in Smoking Behaviors among Korean Adult Smokers: Applying the Transtheoretical Model of Change (범이론적 모델에 기반을 둔 흡연자의 금연행동 변화단계에 대한 탐색적 연구)

  • Park, Hyunyong;Jun, Jina;Sohn, Sunju
    • Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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    • v.49 no.1
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    • pp.5-28
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    • 2018
  • Smoking is one of the important public health concerns because it is preventable causes regarding individuals' negative health consequences and increased social and economic cost. However, few studies have examined longitudinal patterns of stages of changes(SOC) in smoking behaviors among the general population. The purpose of the study is to explore the latent patterns of SOC over time among Korean adult smokers using the 2008-2016 Korea Welfare Panel Study. A repeated measure latent class analysis is employed in the present study. The finding of the present study are as follows: First, four latent groups were identified: (1) action/maintenance stage(33.6%), (2) contemplation/preparation to action/maintenance stage(14.8%), (3) continuously contemplation/preparation stage(29.6%), and (4) continuously pre-contemplation stage(22.1%). Second, the results of a multinomial logistic regression found that socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were associated with the identified longitudinal patterns of smoking behaviors. Compared to a continuously pre-contemplation stage, higher levels of depressive symptoms and drinking behavior were associated with increased odds of being in action/maintenance stage. The findings of the present study highlight that a tailored intervention is needed for individuals with continuously pre-contemplation stage and contemplation stage.

Incidence Risk of Cardiocerebrovascular Disease, Preventive Knowledge, Stage of Change and Health Behavior among Male Bus Drivers (일 지역 남성 운전직 근로자들의 심뇌혈관질환 발병위험도, 예방 관련 지식, 변화단계 및 건강행위)

  • Kim, Eun-Young;Hwang, Seon-Young
    • Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.321-331
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: This study was designed to identify the incidence risk of cardicerebrovascular disease (CVD) among male bus drivers, and to examine and compare the predictors of their health behavior according to the level of CVD incidence risk. Methods: The convenience sample of 222 male bus drivers were recruited from a bus company located in Jeonnam province. Data were collected from self-reported questionnaires and annual medical examination records from 2010. The CVD incidence risk was calculated based on the risk criteria for industrial workers. Results: The 26.6% and 26.1% of the participants were in the moderate and high risk group, respectively. The 72% of the participants were in the precontemplation stage and reported no intention to change their unhealthy lifestyles. Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that current smoking, excessive alcohol drinking, physical inactivity and lack of knowledge were negative predictors of good health behavior in the normal/low risk group (Adj $R^2$=.443). Heavy alcohol drinking, current smoking, physical inactivity and dyslipidemia were reported by the moderate/high risk group (Adj $R^2$=.427). Conclusion: This study suggested that targeted education and counseling are needed to modify unhealthy lifestyles such as alcohol consumption, smoking and exercise among middle aged male drivers. Especially, dyslipidemia should be managed among those who are at risk for CVD.

The Status and Attitudes on Drug Abuse in Primary School Students (초등학교 학생의 약물남용에 대한 실태와 태도)

  • Park, In-Hyae;Cho, In-Sook;Ryu, Hyun-Sook
    • Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.121-133
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this study was to find out the status of and attitudes on drug abuse in primary school students, to provide basic data for preventing the youth from their drug abuse and contributing to improve their health. 36.0% of the students had an experience of the education to prevent from drug abuse, the students wanted to have an education on drug abuse in primary school, 71% of the subjects preferred to school nurses as the education about drug abuse, and 2.9% of the students show their intention to use drug when their friends recommend to take drug. For the experience of drinking, there was a significant difference to the degree of satisfaction at their school($x^2$=23.29, p=.001), their association with father's smoking ($x^2$=13.16, p=.001), and mother's ($x^2$=5.60, p=.018) smoking. The experience of drinking showed no significant differences according to the grade and the experience of prevention education on drug abuse. Attitudes on drug abuse according to the general characteristics showed significant differences according to the grade (t=4.10, p=.007), the degree of satisfaction at the school(t=8.86, p=.000), their association with any father's drinking(t=3.18, p=.002) and mother's(t=5.23, p=.000), father's smoking(t=3.21, p=.001) and mother's(t=31.87, p=.000), the state of drug use during the pain(t=7.18, p=.000).

Intentions to Undergo Lung Cancer Screening among Korean Men

  • Cam, Nhung Bui;Lee, Yoon Young;Yoon, HyoJoong;Suh, Mina;Park, Boyoung;Jun, Jae Kwan;Kim, Yeol;Choi, Kui Son
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.16 no.15
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    • pp.6293-6298
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    • 2015
  • Opportunistic screening for lung cancer is commonly conducted in Korea in accordance with physician recommendations and screenee's preferences. However, studies have yet to thoroughly examine the public's understanding of the risks posed by lung cancer screening. This study was conducted to assess changes in intentions to undergo lung cancer screening in response to being informed about exposure to radiation during low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) tests and to identify factors with the greatest influence thereon among Korean men. We conducted sub-group interviews among men chosen from the 2013 Korea National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS), a nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional survey of men aged 40 to 74 years and women aged 30 to 74 years. From 4100 participants in the KNCSS, 414 men who underwent any cancer screening test within the last 2 years were randomly selected for inclusion in this study. Via face-to-face interviews, their intentions to undergo lung cancer screening were assessed before and after being informed about exposure to radiation during LDCT testing. Of the 414 participants, 50% were current smokers. After receiving information on the benefits of the test, 95.1% stated an intention to undergo screening; this decreased to 81.6% after they received information on the harms of the test. The average decrease in intention rate was 35.3%. Smoking status, household income, and education level were not associated with lowered intentions to undergo lung cancer screening. Participants who were older than 60 years old (OR=0.56; 95% CI= 0.33-0.96) and those with less concern for radiation exposure (OR=0.56; 95% CI=0.36-0.89) were less likely to lower their screening intentions. The results of this study suggest that there is a need to educate both non-smokers and former smokers on the harms of lung cancer screening.

A Study on Factors Related to sex behavior and attitude of unmarried person (미혼남녀의 성행태 및 성의식 관련 요인분석)

  • 이선희;한성현;이명선;조희숙;채유미;유승현
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.1-15
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study is to analyse factors related to sex behavior and intention to premarital purity on the basis of theory of reasoned action. A structured Questionnaire was developed on the basis of Triandis model. Survey was conducted to 1662 unmarried person in high school students, college students, and workers. The results are as follows. For the factor of sexual behavior, male, older age had higher experience to sexual relationship, but for the factor of premarital purity, female and workers than student had higher consciousness of purity. Positive attitude to premarital purity, expectation toward preservation of purity, parental and social normative influence and facilitating factor such as experiences of sex education showed significant relationship to intention of premarital purity. Also multiple logistic regression showed that health behaviors such as smoking and drinking, sex and job were statistically significant factor for sex behavior. The result of this study suggest that educational program sex as well as good health behavior should developed and theory-based models in conducting health education research.

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Prevalence of Clonorchiasis, Knowledge and Intention to Change Behavior of Village People living in the Catchment Area of Community Health Posts along the Geum River (금강유역 보건진료소 지역주민의 간흡충 감염 실태와 지식 및 행태변화 의도)

  • Park, Ji-Yeon;June, Kyung-Ja;Park, Do-Soon;Jho, Kyung-Nyou;Jho, Jung-Sook;Kim, Soon-Chan;Suk, Eun-Sook;Shin, Dong-Sook;Lee, Eun-Kyung;Kim, Ok-Nim
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.5-12
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of clonorchiais and analyze the knowledge level and intention of the participants to change their behavior related to clonorchiais. Method: The participants were 514 people from 7 community health posts along the Geum River. The formalin-esther sedimentation technique was used to detect the Clonorchis Sinensis (CS) eggs and a questionnaire for data on related factors. The study was carried on from December 2008 to January 2009. Results: The prevalence of CS averaged 9.3%, with a range from 0% to 24.6%. The significant factors were sex, habit of eating raw fish, and habit related to smoking and alcohol consumption. The level of knowledge was not high and not significantly different between the CS positive group and CS negative group. Intention to change their habits of eating raw fish showed various stages of change and attitudes to raw fish eating habit of others were not positive. Conclusions: These results suggest that a CS control program needs to be developed by community health services in the Geum River area to decrease the prevalence of clonorchiais.

Effect of Smoking and Drinking Habits on the Nutrient Intakes and Health of Middle and High School Boy Students (남자 중.고생의 흡연과 음주습관이 영양소 섭취 및 건강상태에 미치는 영향)

  • Shin, Kyung-Ok;An, Chang-Hun;Hwang, Hyo-Jeong;Choi, Kyung-Soon;Chung, Keun-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.694-708
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    • 2009
  • The principal objective of this study was to determine the effects of smoking & drinking on the diet, nutrient intake, and overall health. A sample of 262 youths, aged 16 to 18 year-old, was randomly selected from Seoul and its vicinity. The subjects participated by answering survey questions including general questions, questions regarding health, smoking & drinking habits, dietary habits, nutrient intake, physical characteristics, and smoking cessation plans. The average height, weight, and BMI of the subjects were $173.5{\pm}6.8\;cm$, $64.8{\pm}11.8\;kg$, and $21.4{\pm}3.7\;kg/m^2$, respectively. Among the subjects, 88% appeared to be interested in health and 43.5% of youth asserted that the best way to keep healthy was to engage in regular exercise. Among 63 smokers, 52 students (82.5%) used alcoholic beverages while 11 students (17.5%) did not use alcoholic beverages, meaning that smoking was a causative factor in drinking. 55.6% of youth reported beginning to smoke in middle school, and 38.1% of them asserted that curiosity was the motive for smoking. The youth reported that the craving for smoking was highest when hungry, and the best place to smoke was the restroom. 20 students (69.0%) answered that the only way to quit smoking was just to stop. 12 students (44.4%) reported that the main reason for failures in smoking cessation attempts was a lack of intention or willpower. 87.1% of all subjects answered that they were inclined to quit smoking, and 56.7% of them would be interested in attending a smoking cessation program if they had the opportunity. Among the smoking and drinking group, 50% of drinkers began to drink in high school, and the reason for drinking given was peer pressure-40% of drinkers answered that they wished to quit drinking. 34.4% of students appeared to have breakfast everyday, but 16.4% of students answered that they had quit eating breakfast. 52.5% of all students reported that the principal reason for overeating was the presence of one's favorite food, and the smoking and drinking group reported overeating more frequently than other groups (p<0.05). 72.6% of all subjects reported eating interim meals $1{\sim}2$ times daily, 36.4% of smokers ate carbonated beverages, 38.5% ate ice cream as a interim meal, and 38.5% of the drinking and smoking groups ate fruits, 26.9% of them ate fried foods, and some of them ate fast foods as a interim meal. Among smokers, the ratio of eating fat-rich foods, and meats such as kalbi and samgyupsal more than two times per week was higher, and 54.3% of smokers ate ice cream, cookies, and carbonated beverages more than two times per week (p<0.05). The total nutrient intake of the $15{\sim}19$-year youth group was much higher than the standard value. The energy intake of the smoking group and the drinking and smoking group was significantly higher than that of the normal group (p<0.05). Intakes of phosphorus (p<0.05), cholesterol (p<0.05), and sodium (p<0.05) were the highest among all groups. Accordingly, it is recommended that practical education programs be implemented to teach young students to resist peer pressures to smoke and drink. Additionally, education that acknowledges the importance of nutrition is necessary to avoid preferential eating and overeating due to smoking and drinking.such education can also teach students to eat a balanced diet and improve their physical development.

Analysis on online marketing of tobacco product in Korea: current issues and future directions for tobacco control (온라인 담배 마케팅 분석을 통한 담배규제정책의 향후 과제 : 온라인 담배 판매 및 광고를 중심으로)

  • Yang, Yu Seon;Cha, Jung Lim;Kong, Jae Hyung;Hwang, Ji Eun;Choi, Jung Mi;Lee, Joung Eun;Oh, Yu Mi
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.71-81
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    • 2016
  • Objectives: Tobacco marketing encourages smoking initiation of non-smokers, especially adolescents, and it hinders quit intention of those who smoke or who attempt to quit smoking. Article 13 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control(WHO FCTC) requests a comprehensive ban on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship(TAPS). Ratified the Convention in 2005, Korea has partially implemented the provisions. However, online marketing regulations are still insufficient. Methods: Based on relevant national and international regulations, this research designed monitoring mechanism for online tobacco marketing and studied 1,404 websites to identify current situation of online sales and advertisement of tobacco in Korea. Results: This study found that online trade of tobacco products are overtly conducted, while tobacco advertising with flavoring and misleading descriptors are also prevalent. Also, online tobacco marketing facilitate adolescents' access to tobacco product and that advertising and promotion activities lead to tobacco purchase without difficulties. Conclusions: Fundamental solution to prevent online tobacco advertisement and promotion is banning online sales of tobacco and conducting a regular monitoring for compliance. Korean government should consider establishing an official surveillance system for online tobacco advertisement, followed by a comprehensive ban on TAPS to fulfill its obligation as a Party to the FCTC.

A Study on the Health-related Life Behavior and Dietary Habits of Female University Students by Residence Type in the Gyeongju Area (경주지역 여자대학생의 주거형태에 따른 건강생활태도 및 식습관에 대한 연구)

  • Oh, Young-Sub
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.351-358
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    • 2009
  • The aim of this study was to compare the dietary patterns and behaviors of female university students according to their type of residence. The subjects consisted of 369 female students from the Gyeongju area. This cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. The SPSS 14.0 statistical package was used for the data analysis. The results are as follows: the height and weight means were 162.7${\pm}$4.6 cm and 53.9${\pm}$6.7 kg respectively. For BMI, 44.2% of the subjects were with in the normal (18.5-23) and 49.1% were underweight and 6.2% were overweight. In terms of alcohol consumption, 78.9% of the subjects consumed alcoholic beverages, and there was no significant difference by the type of residence However, for drink proportion and the preferred type of alcoholic drink there were significant differences by the type of residence (p<0.001). Third, for smoking status and the intention of quitting smoking there were significant differences by the type of residence (p<0.000, p<0.05 respectively). Also, for exercise regularity and preference as well as food preference and taste, there were again significant differences by the type of residence (p<0.001). Finally, in terms of breakfast intake and kinds of foods eaten at breakfast significant differences were found by the type of residence (p<0.01).