• 제목/요약/키워드: Smoke Signature

검색결과 7건 처리시간 0.017초

An Intelligent Automatic Early Detection System of Forest Fire Smoke Signatures using Gaussian Mixture Model

  • Yoon, Seok-Hwan;Min, Joonyoung
    • Journal of Information Processing Systems
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.621-632
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    • 2013
  • The most important things for a forest fire detection system are the exact extraction of the smoke from image and being able to clearly distinguish the smoke from those with similar qualities, such as clouds and fog. This research presents an intelligent forest fire detection algorithm via image processing by using the Gaussian Mixture model (GMM), which can be applied to detect smoke at the earliest time possible in a forest. GMMs are usually addressed by making the model adaptive so that its parameters can track changing illuminations and by making the model more complex so that it can represent multimodal backgrounds more accurately for smoke plume segmentation in the forest. Also, in this paper, we suggest a way to classify the smoke plumes via a feature extraction using HSL(Hue, Saturation and Lightness or Luminanace) color space analysis.

적외선(IR, Infrared) 신호가 감소된 고체추진제 개발 (The Study of Solid Propellant to Reduce Infrared Signature)

  • 이종섭;임유진;박의용;한혁섭
    • 항공우주시스템공학회지
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    • 제7권4호
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    • pp.42-48
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    • 2013
  • In this paper, a study of solid rocket propellant formulation is performed to suppress plume and reduce IR(infrared) signature which occurs in propellant combustion. The solid propellant to enhance the stealthy ability was formulated in terms of the kinds and the effects of afterburning suppressant on the ballistic performance and the amount of primary smoke. In addition, substantial decrease in plume and IR signature is confirmed by static firing test by a 4 inch standard motor.

PGN 바인더 특성 연구 (The study on the properties of PGN binder)

  • 홍명표;서태석;박영철;류문삼
    • 한국추진공학회지
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    • 제3권4호
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    • pp.31-37
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    • 1999
  • 최근 고체 추진제의 개발은 무연이면서 둔감하며 고성능화 되어지고 있다. 둔감화시키면서 무연화시키는 산화제로는 PSAN이 사용되고 있으나 성능 면에서 저하되므로 일반적으로 에너지를 많이 함유한 바인더를 사용하고 있다. 이런 종류들로는 여러 가지가 소개되고 있으나 그 중 GAP을 많이 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 GAP과 견줄 만한 바인더 PGN이 소개되어 이들에 대한 특성을 고찰하였다. 본 연구에서는 PGN과 PGN의 사슬을 연장시킨 EPGN의 가소제의 함량 및 온도 변화에 따른 점도와 경화시킨 바인더의 유리전이온도와 기계적인 특성을 검토하였다.

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고체로켓모터의 적외선 신호에 관한 수치적·실험적 연구 (Numerical and Experimental Study on Infrared Signature of Solid Rocket Motor)

  • 김상민;김민택;송순호;백국현;윤웅섭
    • 한국추진공학회지
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    • 제18권5호
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    • pp.62-69
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    • 2014
  • 미사일의 탐지, 인식 및 추적 및 적외선을 줄여 피탐지성을 최소화 하는 데에 있어 로켓 플룸의 적외선 신호는 중요한 역할을 한다. 저연 추진제 및 무연 추진제를 사용하는 소형 고체로켓모터를 사용하여 로켓 플룸의 적외선 신호를 계측하였다. 로켓 플룸의 적외선 신호를 예측하기 위해 플룸의 유동장에 대한 전산모사를 수행하였으며, layered integration 방법을 사용하여 적외선 신호를 예측하였다. 해석 및 계측 결과는 잘 일치하였다. 두 신호 모두 $H_2O$에 의해 $2.5-3.0{\mu}m$영역에서, CO 및 $CO_2$에 의한 $4.5{\mu}m$ 영역에서 강한 신호를 나타낸다. 계측 결과, $4.3{\mu}m$ 영역에서 해석 결과와 다르게 강한 신호가 나타나는데, 이는 대기 중의 $CO_2$에 의한 흡수를 보정하는 과정에서 발생하는 실험 오차로 판단된다.

퍼지논리 및 다중신호를 이용한 화재감지시스템의 개발 (The Development of Fire Detection System Using Fuzzy Logic and Multivariate Signature)

  • 홍성호;김두현
    • 한국안전학회지
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.49-55
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    • 2004
  • This study presents an analysis of comparison of P-type fire detection system with fuzzy logic-applied fire detection system. The fuzzy logic-applied fire detection system has input variables obtained by fire experiment of small scale with K-type temperature sensor and optical smoke sensor. And the antecedent part of fuzzy rules consists of temperature and smoke density, and the consequent part consists of fire probability. Also triangular fuzzy membership function is used for input variables and fuzzy rules. To calculate the final fire probability a centroid method is introduced. A fire experiment is conducted with controlling wood crib layer, cigarette to simulate actual fire and false alarm situation. The results show that peak fire probability is 25[%] for non-fire and is more than 80[%] for fire situation, respectively. The fuzzy logic-applied fire detection system suggested here is able to distinguish fire situation and non-fire situation very precisely.

후연소 반응이 감소된 무연계 고체 추진제에 관한 연구 (The Study on Minimum Smoke Propellant to Reduce Afterburning Reaction)

  • 임유진;이종섭;박의용;최성한;유지창;조영
    • 한국추진공학회지
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    • 제17권5호
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    • pp.10-17
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    • 2013
  • 로켓의 노즐 외부에서 형성되는 플룸으로 인하여 발사 위치나 비행궤적이 노출 될 수 있는데, 본 논문에서는 플룸을 감소시킬 수 있는 고체 추진제의 후연소 반응 억제제에 대하여 연구 결과를 제시하였다. 후연소 방지제가 무연계 고체추진제의 내탄도 성능과 일차 연기에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며, 후연소 반응 방지제로 $K_2SO_4$를 1.1% 적용하여 후연소 반응이 크게 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 $K_2SO_4$의 함량이 증가하면 압력지수가 미세하게 증가하며, 1차 연기의 발생량도 증가하므로 1.1% 이하를 사용해야 AGARD 기준으로 1차 연기 A등급에 부합되는 것으로 분석되었다.

Wearable Computers

  • Cho, Gil-Soo;Barfield, Woodrow;Baird, Kevin
    • 섬유기술과 산업
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    • 제2권4호
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    • pp.490-508
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    • 1998
  • One of the latest fields of research in the area of output devices is tactual display devices [13,31]. These tactual or haptic devices allow the user to receive haptic feedback output from a variety of sources. This allows the user to actually feel virtual objects and manipulate them by touch. This is an emerging technology and will be instrumental in enhancing the realism of wearable augmented environments for certain applications. Tactual displays have previously been used for scientific visualization in virtual environments by chemists and engineers to improve perception and understanding of force fields and of world models populated with the impenetrable. In addition to tactual displays, the use of wearable audio displays that allow sound to be spatialized are being developed. With wearable computers, designers will soon be able to pair spatialized sound to virtual representations of objects when appropriate to make the wearable computer experience even more realistic to the user. Furthermore, as the number and complexity of wearable computing applications continues to grow, there will be increasing needs for systems that are faster, lighter, and have higher resolution displays. Better networking technology will also need to be developed to allow all users of wearable computers to have high bandwidth connections for real time information gathering and collaboration. In addition to the technology advances that make users need to wear computers in everyday life, there is also the desire to have users want to wear their computers. In order to do this, wearable computing needs to be unobtrusive and socially acceptable. By making wearables smaller and lighter, or actually embedding them in clothing, users can conceal them easily and wear them comfortably. The military is currently working on the development of the Personal Information Carrier (PIC) or digital dog tag. The PIC is a small electronic storage device containing medical information about the wearer. While old military dog tags contained only 5 lines of information, the digital tags may contain volumes of multi-media information including medical history, X-rays, and cardiograms. Using hand held devices in the field, medics would be able to call this information up in real time for better treatment. A fully functional transmittable device is still years off, but this technology once developed in the military, could be adapted tp civilian users and provide ant information, medical or otherwise, in a portable, not obstructive, and fashionable way. Another future device that could increase safety and well being of its users is the nose on-a-chip developed by the Oak Ridge National Lab in Tennessee. This tiny digital silicon chip about the size of a dime, is capable of 'smelling' natural gas leaks in stoves, heaters, and other appliances. It can also detect dangerous levels of carbon monoxide. This device can also be configured to notify the fire department when a leak is detected. This nose chip should be commercially available within 2 years, and is inexpensive, requires low power, and is very sensitive. Along with gas detection capabilities, this device may someday also be configured to detect smoke and other harmful gases. By embedding this chip into workers uniforms, name tags, etc., this could be a lifesaving computational accessory. In addition to the future safety technology soon to be available as accessories are devices that are for entertainment and security. The LCI computer group is developing a Smartpen, that electronically verifies a user's signature. With the increase in credit card use and the rise in forgeries, is the need for commercial industries to constantly verify signatures. This Smartpen writes like a normal pen but uses sensors to detect the motion of the pen as the user signs their name to authenticate the signature. This computational accessory should be available in 1999, and would bring increased peace of mind to consumers and vendors alike. In the entertainment domain, Panasonic is creating the first portable hand-held DVD player. This device weight less than 3 pounds and has a screen about 6' across. The color LCD has the same 16:9 aspect ratio of a cinema screen and supports a high resolution of 280,000 pixels and stereo sound. The player can play standard DVD movies and has a hour battery life for mobile use. To summarize, in this paper we presented concepts related to the design and use of wearable computers with extensions to smart spaces. For some time, researchers in telerobotics have used computer graphics to enhance remote scenes. Recent advances in augmented reality displays make it possible to enhance the user's local environment with 'information'. As shown in this paper, there are many application areas for this technology such as medicine, manufacturing, training, and recreation. Wearable computers allow a much closer association of information with the user. By embedding sensors in the wearable to allow it to see what the user sees, hear what the user hears, sense the user's physical state, and analyze what the user is typing, an intelligent agent may be able to analyze what the user is doing and try to predict the resources he will need next or in the near future. Using this information, the agent may download files, reserve communications bandwidth, post reminders, or automatically send updates to colleagues to help facilitate the user's daily interactions. This intelligent wearable computer would be able to act as a personal assistant, who is always around, knows the user's personal preferences and tastes, and tries to streamline interactions with the rest of the world.

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