• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.621-629
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• 2007

This study intends to investigate the characteristics of the foul smell of sewer pipes near large apartment complexes as complaints about offensive odors have drastically increased in urban residential areas. Targeting apartments where people actually complained about foul orders, the study result revealed that components in the smell of the water-purifier tank of the target apartment were very similar to those of sewage treatment plants and night soil treatment plants. Measuring components of odors inside the management layer of tank showed that the concentration of hydrogen sulfide was 10ppm, which is approximately 160 times the safety standard of 0.06ppm; the concentration of mercaptan was 0.9ppm, which is about 220 times the safety standard of 0.004ppm. The source materials of foul odors were discharged outside through ducts, and those households living near outlets producing bad smell complain that it gets worse depending on the air pressure or wind direction and strength, and they could not even open windows. As well, these source materials were transferred by discharge pumps to public sewer pipes outside the apartment complex. While discharge pumps starts operating, they remain on the sewer pipe and then begin to spread over to roads through small openings of manholes on the road. Then, the smell offends passers-by and residents near the road, leading to a lot of complaints. The study results suggest that, among the sources of foul odors in sewer pipes of residential areas, especially those from the water-purifier tank of large apartments, hydrogen sulfide should be the main target for follow-up treatment.

• Journal of Software Engineering Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.93-103
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• 2013

Complexity and maintenance cost of software increase as much as software has been evolved, therefore importance of software maintenance recently arise. There are many signs that are difficulties to maintain software, called bad smell, in a large-scale software. The bad smell should be removed to improve maintainability. Recently, many software refactoring methods have researched to terminate the bad smell. In this paper, we propose how to identify long parameter list, which causes bad smell, and how to solve the problem for increasing software maintainability. In our approach, we classify the parameters for creating new objects by measuring semantic similarity among them. This is evaluated by experienced software developers, and the result is statistically verified.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.808-815
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• 2022

In this study, gamma-irradiated mackerel (Scomber japonicus) meat was stored in a refrigerator for 20 days to examine the physicochemical changes related to fishy smell. The effect of gamma irradiation on the inhibition of the activity of crude urease extracted from Vibrio parahaemolyticus was also evaluated. Increased levels of trimethylamine (TMA) and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) content, which are the main components causing fishy smell, were significantly reduced by day 20 of storage after gamma irradiation, indicating that freshness was maintained during storage. The ammonia nitrogen contents of 3, 7, 10, and 20 kGy gamma-irradiated groups were significantly decreased by 6.5, 15.2, 17.4, and 23.9%, respectively, compared to non-irradiated groups on day 20 of storage. In addition, urease activity decreased in a gamma irradiation intensity-dependent manner. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured during the storage of gamma-irradiated mackerel meat. The contents of ethanol, 2-butanone, 3-methylbutanal, and trans-2-pentenal, which are known to cause off-flavors due to spoilage of fish, were significantly reduced by day 20 of storage. Therefore, gamma irradiation can be considered useful for inhibiting urease activity and reducing fishy smell during fish storage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.224-238
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• 2023

To develop customized food products for gastric cancer patients, it is crucial to understand their dietary characteristics and changes in their perception of smell and taste due to their condition. This study conducted in-depth interviews and administered olfactory and gustatory tests on 20 patients with gastric cancer. A control group of 20 healthy, gender and age matched individuals, was included for comparison. Patients reported difficulties in sustaining their appetite, particularly during chemotherapy. This could be attributed to gastrointestinal discomfort and an altered perception of smell and taste. The olfactory test revealed that cancer patients were significantly less sensitive than the control group. Also, a smaller number of participants in the cancer group were reported to have a normal taste function, which enabled them to perceive umami, one of the five basic taste compared to those in the control group. These findings demonstrated that gastric cancer patients experience post-surgical digestive issues, chemotherapy-induced changes in smell and taste, and appetite loss. To improve the quality of life of these patients and the efficacy of the treatment, it is necessary to consider not only their nutritional requirements but also other factors such as appetite loss and discomfort when developing meals specifically for them.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.6
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• pp.147-163
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• 2008

The 1960s is a decade that is marked by new concepts of art making and art appreciation. Starting from Fluxus, the new art in the 1960s such as Happenings and performance art pursued the process of art making as an integral part of artistic experience. The traditional concept of art works that only appeal to vision soon became a site of contentious experiments and innovations in which the experience of seeing is accompanied by other sensual encounters of sound, smell, touch, and taste. These attempts can be seen as a revolutionary move to restore the sense of corporeality to the act of seeing that has been disembodied by the way in which western art has built the unifying, homeogenous field of vision. This paper delves into the works of Fluxus artists - Daniel Spoerri, Ben Vautier, Alison Knowles, Ay-O, and Takako Saito - who were central figures in taking art into the new age of post-ocularcentrism. Exploring the sense of smell, touch, and taste, these artists led the viewer to participate in their art making with the incorporated vision.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.169-177
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• 2013

The perpose of this study is to report the effect of oriental demonstration treatment for Acne. Acne is an facial skin problems with depress, white head on the facial skin and bad smell. Objectives We experienced one case of Acne through acupuncture, cupping, herbal medication and herbal patch. 24 years old female patient suffered from acne with bad smell and depress. Method She was taken 23 times of acupuncture and cupping treatment, 30days of taking herb medicine and 7days for herbal patch(brand named Lee Myung Lae patch). Results After 23 times treatment her acne symtoms was improved. Conculusion Asian medical treatment could be safe and effective to American patient.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.197-204
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of the indoor environmental factors of dental hygienists on physical symptoms. Methods : The subjects were 210 dental hygienists in dental hospitals and clinics in Seoul, Gyeonggi Province, Incheon and South Chungnam Province from May 1 to June 20, 2013. Results : There were significant differences between the presence or absence of windows in respiratory symptoms and eye symptoms. Room temperature, bad smell, and dry humidity had significant influences on physical and respiratory symptoms. Dermatological and ophthalmological symptoms were affected by dryness, smell and dusts. Dusts and bad smell also had influences on a variety of subjective symptoms. Conclusions : The indoor environments of dental hospitals and clinics affect the respiratory, dermatological, and ophthalmological symptoms because various hazardous materials are generated by the dental treatment. Therefore dental hygienists should have a correct understanding of bacteria, dusts and bio-aerosol in order to ensure the successful environmental control.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.631-637
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• 1998

The theoretical research of olfaction began about a hundred years ago and the electrophysiological expermental techniques have been used for the olfaction research from 1950's. However, olfaction has not been studied so much as other senses. Recently interest in the offaction mereases for its industrial applications. We descenbe the companson of vertibrate and insect olfactory organs, smell perception mechanism, olfactory signaing transduction, and industnal applications f olfactory system, it is expected that the vanous ongeing researches on the olfactory system will contribute to sensor and scent industnes.

• IE interfaces
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.745-750
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• 2000

This paper evaluated the 12 sensory measures suitable for evaluating taste of kimchi stored for 64 maturing days in the three kimchi refrigerators each made by the three different electronics companies respectively. The panel composed of 6 married women and 6 married man tasted sample of kimchi 8 times during the 64 maturing days. Analysis of variance results showed that among the 12 sensory measures sour smell, fresh smell, fermenting smell, sour taste, fresh taste, sensory satisfaction, and maturing degree were sensitive to differentiate both maturing days and refrigerators. Among sensory measures, maturing degree showed the most consistently increasing pattern during maturing days and the most consistently differentiating pattern for the refrigerators.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.602-605
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• 2000

Recently, a study of intellectual smell recognition system is applied for the various fields such as control of food processing and survey of decay. A basic gas recognition system was implemented gases using four metal oxides semiconductor sensors as inputs. A CPLD chip of twenty thousand gates level was used for this purpose. The CPLD chip was designed and the availability of the one chip smell recognition system was tested.