• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.75-95
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• 2012

This study focuses on examining the determinants of smartphone-based social network services(SNS) use. That is, the study explores the key factors affecting the use of smartphone-based SNS. People who have been using online-based SNS such as Cyworld and Facebook for years are now using mobile-based SNS such as KakaoStory. Under the situation. the study attempts to draw key determinants of smartphone-based SNS use from the studies of TAM, hedonic information systems, and social perspectives. To test the hypotheses, we conducted partial least squares (PLS) analysis using a total of 233 data collected on the users of smartphone-based SNS including KakaoTalk and KakaoStory. The key findings are as follows : first, it is verified that both ease of use and usefulness, two main factors in TAM, had positive effects on smartphone-based SNS use. Second, for enjoyment and escapism considered as the two main factors of hedonic IS characteristics, only the effect of enjoyment on SNS use was significant. Finally, social ties as a factor of social characteristics had the most significant effect on smartphone-based SNS use. The result implies that smartphone-based SNS can be one of the major means of maintaining existing social ties.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.1835-1841
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• 2013

With the increase in smartphone users, attacks targeting smartphone malware, zombie smartphone, such as smart phones is increasing. Security of smart phones is more vulnerable than PC security, for a zombie smartphone and generates a serious problem than the zombie PC attack on the smartphone every day is diversification. In this paper, the comparative analysis of malicious code and smartphone DDoS attacks and DDoS attacks from the PC, When using a service by connecting to the data network, proposes a method for users to confirm the packet smartphone direct a method for detecting by using the PC malware Smart PC Phone. Propose the measures of malicious code and smartphone DDoS attacks.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 2016

This paper presents a set of methods to evaluate the image quality of smartphone cameras as compared with that of a DSLR camera. In recent years, smartphone cameras have been used broadly for many purposes. As the performance of smartphone cameras has been enhanced considerably, they can be considered to be used for precise mapping instead of metric cameras. To evaluate the possibility, we tested the quality of one DSLR camera and 3 smartphone cameras. In the first step, we compare the amount of lens distortions inherent in each camera using camera calibration sheet images. Then, we acquired target sheet images, extracted reference lines from them and evaluated the geometric quality of smartphone cameras based on the amount of errors occurring in fitting a straight line to observed points. In addition, we present a method to evaluate the radiometric quality of the images taken by each camera based on planar fitting errors. Also, we propose a method to quantify the geometric quality of the selected camera using edge displacements observed in target sheet images. The experimental results show that the geometric and radiometric qualities of smartphone cameras are comparable to those of a DSLR camera except lens distortion parameters.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.40-52
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the length of exposure to smartphone and its association with dietary behavior toward snacks, lifestyle, and nutrition knowledge in elementary school students. Methods: Subjects were 372 5th and 6th grade schoolchildren in Cheongju, Korea, and data was collected by a self-administered questionnaire. They were divided into two groups by the time spent using smartphone: moderate (< 2 hours/day) and overexposure (${\geq}2$ hours/day). Data was analyzed using frequency analysis, ${\chi}^2$-test, and independent t-test as well as analysis of covariance when necessary. Results: Approximately half of subjects (41.4%) reported spending ${\geq}2$ hours/day using smartphone. That habit was more frequent among students in the 6th grade, those who received more monthly allowance, and who has a working mother. 63.4% of the subjects reported that they consumed snacks while watching television, using a computer and/or a smartphone and 48.1% said that they consumed snacks while they use a smartphone. Both situations were most prevalent among those with overexposure to smartphone (${\geq}2$ hours/day). We also observed that a higher percentage of subjects from the overexposure group spent more money on snack foods with the preference for ice cream, fast food, and carbonated drinks. Further, those in the overexposure group consumed more ice cream, cookies, and carbonated drinks. In addition, they had less desirable dietary behavior and health-related lifestyle (sleep duration and frequency of regular exercise) compared to those with moderate smartphone usage (< 2 hours/day). However, there was no statistical difference in nutrition knowledge among children with different degrees of smartphone usage. Conclusions: Our results showed that longer smartphone use was associated with less desirable snack preference/consumption and other dietary behavior in elementary school students. Thus interest and positive attitudes towards healthy snacks and diet should be reinforced in nutrition education programs, especially for those who are prone to use smartphones.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.549-552
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• 2012

This report presents a mobile instrumentation platform based on a smartphone using its built-in functions for colorimetric diagnosis. The color change as a result of detection is taken as a picture through a CCD camera built in the smartphone, and is evaluated in the form of the hue value to give the well-defined relationship between the color and the concentration. To prove the concept in the present work, proton concentration measurements were conducted on pH paper coupled with a smartphone for demonstration. This report is believed to show the possibility of adapting a smartphone to a mobile analytical transducer, and more applications for bioanalysis are expected to be developed using other built-in functions of the smartphone.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.41-60
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• 2011

Due to the explosive growth of smartphone use, new type and format of business opportunity is being created. Despite the creation of added value using smartphone is very important, the past study on smart phone has been mainly focused on its functions and specifications. This study is intended to identify the factors that influence continuance usage intention of smartphone and to analyze the relationship between such factors and the expected confirmation. satisfaction, and usage intention. The result of this empirical study indicates that the perceived enjoyfulness and quality significantly affect users' expected confirmation and satisfaction, and social influence also affects users' continuance usage intention. Thus, it implies users place a high value on enjoyfulness and quality in using smartphone application and on social influence in choosing specific application. Finally this paper provides a detailed account of how customers accept smartphone application and their perceived characteristics affect the usage intention.

• International Journal of Clinical Preventive Dentistry
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.222-227
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• 2018

Objective: The university students of the four universities located in the Gyeongbuk province district were studied to confirm the correlation between smartphone addiction and oral health behavior. Methods: The target audience was a total of 587 people, and from April 18, 2017 until June 10, 2017, collected data using individual questionnaire methods and analyzed using the IBM SPSS WIN 24.0 program. Results: Smartphone addiction was high in health related major, and oral health behaviors were high in non health related major. And the first grade students who smoke and drinking showed a high correlation between smartphone addiction and oral health behavior. Conclusion: It is possible to confirm the correlation between smartphone addiction of university students and oral health behaviors, and the smartphone guideline and appropriate oral health education program are required.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.201-207
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• 2015

The smartphone with camera can easily generate an image instead of a scanner. However the document image through a smartphone can have distortions related rotation or perspective. In this paper, we proposed a method to generate the document image in that distortions are reduced from the captured document image through a smartphone. For this, the original document image through a smartphone is preprocessed using the MSER-b technique to reduce the light effect. Then, the text area contour is extracted using the characteristics of the document image. Lastly, rotation or perspective distortions are reduced using the extracted text area contour. For experiments, the proposed method is compared two other products. Through experiments, we show that the distortions within the captured document image through smartphone can be effectively reduced.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.465-473
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• 2021

The main aim of this research paper is to identify the factors that influence smartphone purchase intention in the Nepalese market. The study identifies how the brand personality, attribute factors, and the price factor influence the purchase intention of a smartphone. The paper puts the emphasis on how the consumer preference functions in the selection of the smartphone and which factor plays the more significant role in smartphone purchase intention. This research paper has used primary data and a 7-point Likert scale survey questionnaire. The primary data has been collected through a structured survey questionnaire by using convenient sampling technique from 294 smartphone users in the Kathmandu Valley. Descriptive statistics, Correlation Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) have been carried out to analyze the primary data using the SPSS AMOS 24. Brand personality, attribute factor, and product price were taken as independent variables to identify the impact on purchase intention. The result of the regression path analysis showed that brand personality has no significant effect on purchase intention in the purchasing of smartphone. It is also found that the product attributes and product price have a significant influence on consumer purchase intention of a smartphone in Nepal.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.446-453
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• 2022

Objective: The popularization of smartphones can lead to abnormal cervical alignment in university students. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among smartphone screen time, cervical alignment, and muscle function in university students. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Seventy-five university students participated in the study. They completed the evaluation of cervical alignment and muscle function, such as handgrip strength, proprioception, and muscle quality (tone, stiffness, and relaxation time). All participants recorded their general characteristics and individual smartphone screen time before the evaluation. They were evaluated craniovertebral angle (CVA) using smartphone application (angle meter 360) for measuring cervical alignment. The muscle function was assessed using a digital hand-held dynamometer, dual inclinometer, and MyotonPRO device. Results: Of all participants, twenty-five university students had forward head posture (CVA<49°, 33.33%). Independent t-test revealed that there were significant differences on smartphone screen time, muscle stiffness, and muscle relaxation between the participants with and without forward head posture (p<0.05). There were significant correlations between the smartphone screen time and the CVA, muscle tone, and muscle relaxation (r=-0.493, 0.250, and -0.500, respectively). Conclusions: The results indicate that the university students with forward head posture had high smartphone screen time and muscle stiffness compared to the students without forward head posture, and smartphone screen time might be associated with cervical alignment and muscle quality.