• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2022

The smart cities are evolving constantly and are responsible for the current transformation of cities and countries into a completely connected network of information and technology This interconnected network of a huge number of smart devices is capable of exchanging complex information and provides tremendous support including enhanced quality of life within urban locations. Unfortunately this set-up is vulnerable to security attacks and requires the widespread ubiquitous network to authorize access through privacy and thus offer security in order to ensure civilian participation in a country. The smart network should benefit the individuals of the country by developing potential strategies to protect the smart cities and their participating entities from the unauthorized attacks. Trustworthy data sharing strategies based on the utilization of advanced technology features via smart communication network could solve some issues of privacy and security. This paper presents the challenges and issues related to protection and highlights the important aspects of securing the smart cities and its components. It also presents the role of cloud security for building a secure smart city.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2022

As smart factory is the factory which produces the products according to the customer's diverse demand and the changing conditions in it, it can be characterized by flexible production, dynamic reconstruction, and optimized production environment. To implement these characteristics, many kind of configuration elements in the smart factory should be connected to and communicated with each other. So the network is responsible for playing this role in the smart factory. As SDN (Software Defined Network) is the technology that can dynamically cope with the explosive increasing data amount and the hourly changing network condition, it is one of network technologies that can be applied to the smart factory. In this paper, we address SDN function and operation, SDN model suitable for the smart factory, and then performs the simulation for measuring this model.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.765-784
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• 2019

The smart city is one of the most promising, prominent, and challenging applications of the Internet of Things (IoT). Smart cities rely on everything connected to each other. This in turn depends heavily on technology. Technology literacy is essential to transform a city into a smart, connected, sustainable, and resilient city where information is not only available but can also be found. The smart city vision combines emerging technologies such as edge computing, blockchain, artificial intelligence, etc. to create a sustainable ecosystem by dramatically reducing latency, bandwidth usage, and power consumption of smart devices running various applications. In this research, we present a comprehensive survey of emerging technologies for a sustainable smart city network. We discuss the requirements and challenges for a sustainable network and the role of heterogeneous integrated technologies in providing smart city solutions. We also discuss different network architectures from a security perspective to create an ecosystem. Finally, we discuss the open issues and challenges of the smart city network and provide suitable recommendations to resolve them.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.674-678
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• 2008

Our research is for development of smart object in WBAN environment. Too many smart object in various computing device were developed, but users always attention to their lot of smart objects and any personal things now. So we need smart object that classification and management all of user's personal devices and any effects in invisible and seamless system. We discussed how develop do that object in WBAN(Wireless Body Area Network) system and how make components in this system to wireless network in this paper.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1510-1532
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• 2017

In smart grid, privacy implications to individuals and their families are an important issue because of the fine-grained usage data collection. Wireless communications are utilized by many utility companies to obtain information. Network coding is exploited in smart grids, to enhance network performance in terms of throughput, delay, robustness, and energy consumption. However, random linear network coding introduces a new challenge for privacy preserving due to the encoding of data and updating of coefficients in forwarder nodes. We propose a distributed privacy preserving scheme for random linear network coding in smart grid that considers the converged flows character of the smart grid and exploits a homomorphic encryption function to decrease the complexities in the forwarder node. It offers a data confidentiality privacy preserving feature, which can efficiently thwart traffic analysis. The data of the packet is encrypted and the tag of the packet is encrypted by a homomorphic encryption function. The forwarder node random linearly codes the encrypted data and directly processes the cryptotext tags based on the homomorphism feature. Extensive security analysis and performance evaluations demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed scheme.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.477-486
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• 2010

This Study suggests security directions to reconstruct separate network of Smart Grid and information communication network as one communications system and implement Smart Grid integrated information communication network. In addition, it suggests prevention directions to prevent future cyber attacks by reorganizing network as the key three-stage network and separating TCP/IP four layers that consist of existing information communication network from Smart Grid. Moreover, it suggests the foundation for the study and the test by providing current problems of Smart Grid, weak points, and three security models. This study is meaningful to suggest development directions and situations as a technology of future-oriented electric industries, integrate attacks and preventions of TCP/IP Layers with Smart Grid, and seek for a new technology of Smart Grid and future tasks for Smart Grid information security.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.119-124
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• 2012

As an energy network infrastructure, which is capable of integrating energy related services such as AMR/AMI, Smart Grid, and Smart Water Grid, the Smart Utility Network (SUN) enables a paradigm shift from user-oriented networks to device-oriented networks. The SUN has some similarities to sensor networks in application and network requirements. Therefore it is required to investigate and analyze thoroughly existing related work in advance to design new network protocols for SUN. In this paper we analyze service requirements and design considerations for SUN and then present a design guideline of new network protocols for SUN by investigating existing low power protocols, data aggregation methods, and in-network storages.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1493-1515
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• 2015

A smart meter is one of the core components in Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) that is responsible for providing effective control and monitor of electrical energy consumptions. The multifunction tasks that a smart meter carries out such as facilitating two-way communication between utility providers and consumers, managing metering data, delivering anomalies reports, analyzing fault and power quality, simply show that there are huge amount of data exchange in smart metering networks (SMNs). These data are prone to security threats due to high dependability of SMNs on Internet-based communication, which is highly insecure. Therefore, there is a need to identify all possible security threats over this network and propose suitable countermeasures for securing the communication between smart meters and utility provider office. This paper studies the architecture of the smart grid communication networks, focuses on smart metering networks and discusses how such networks can be vulnerable to security attacks. This paper also presents current mechanisms that have been used to secure the smart metering networks from specific type of attacks in SMNs. Moreover, we highlight several open issues related to the security and privacy of SMNs which we anticipate could serve as baseline for future research directions.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.413-422
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• 2022

Smart farms are receiving a lot of attention as a way to solve the chronic labor shortage and aging problems in agriculture. The smart farm industry, called the 6th industrial revolution, needs to strengthen its competitiveness. In order to apply innovative IT technology to agriculture, it is important to collect and analyze information about prior research or patents. This paper examines smart farm patent trends through 5,789 patent data related to smart farm using the domestic patent information search service(KIPRIS). This paper examines the domestic patent trends of smart farm information through keyword network, ego network, simultaneous appearance network, and bigram network analysis. As a result of network analysis related to smart farm patents, patents related to smart farm systems and control technologies were the most common. This paper can provide help in setting the direction of future smart farm-related patent research.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.366-375
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• 2020

The network traffic prediction of a smart substation is key in strengthening its system security protection. To improve the performance of its traffic prediction, in this paper, we propose an improved gravitational search algorithm (IGSA), then introduce the IGSA into a wavelet neural network (WNN), iteratively optimize the initial connection weighting, scalability factor, and shift factor, and establish a smart substation network traffic prediction model based on the IGSA-WNN. A comparative analysis of the experimental results shows that the performance of the IGSA-WNN-based prediction model further improves the convergence velocity and prediction accuracy, and that the proposed model solves the deficiency issues of the original WNN, such as slow convergence velocity and ease of falling into a locally optimal solution; thus, it is a better smart substation network traffic prediction model.