• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2024

센서들을 네트워크로 연결하면서 시작된 사물인터넷은 인공지능 기술과 결합하면서 지능형 IoT로 발전되고 있다. 도심 고층 건물들은 승강기가 필수적으로 설치되고, 승강기는 층을 이동하며 화물 운반과 사용자 이동의 기능을 수행한다. 고층 건물이나 특수 환경(병원 등)의 승강기 사용자에게 안전하고 편리한 서비스를 제공해야 한다. 대형 병원과 같이 신속한 환자 운송이 중요한 환경에서 병원 직원 및 환자용 승강기에 일반인들도 수시로 이용하는 문제점이 존재한다. 특히, 골든 타임이 중요한 환자 이동 시 승강기를 탑승하기 위한 대기 시간은 큰 방해 요소이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 본 연구에서 스마트폰 블루투스를 이용하여 승강기 호출 지능형 IoT 시스템을 제안한다. 먼저 스마트폰 블루투스를 이용하여 승강기 호출 IoT 시스템을 실험하고, 실험결과, 승강기 사용자의 인증 및 불필요한 탑승 대기시간을 감소시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 지능형 IoT로 연계하는 승강기 호출 지능형 IoT 시스템을 제안한다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2006

The optimal design of multiple tuned mass dampers (multiple TMD's) to suppress multi-mode structural response of beams and floor structures was investigated. A new method using a numerical optimizer, which can effectively handle a large number of design variables, was employed to search for both optimal placement and tuning of TMD's for these structures under wide-band loading. The first design problem considered was vibration control of a simple beam using 10 TMD's. The results confirmed that for structures with widelyspaced natural frequencies, multiple TMD's can be adequately designed by treating each structural vibration mode as an equivalent SDOF system. Next, the control of a beam structure with two closely-spaced natural frequencies was investigated. The results showed that the most effective multiple TMD's have their natural frequencies distributed over a range covering the two controlled structural frequencies and have low damping ratios. Moreover, a single TMD can also be made effective in controlling two modes with closely spaced frequencies by a newly identified control mechanism, but the effectiveness can be greatly impaired when the loading position changes. Finally, a realistic problem of a large floor structure with 5 closely spaced frequencies was presented. The acceleration responses at 5 positions on the floor excited by 3 wide-band forces were simultaneously suppressed using 10 TMD's. The obtained multiple TMD's were shown to be very effective and robust.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.1067-1087
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• 2016

In this paper, a decoupled proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control approach for seismic control of smart structures is presented. First, the state space equation of a structure is transformed into modal coordinates and parameters of the modal PID control are separately designed in a reduced modal space. Then, the feedback gain matrix of the controller is obtained based on the contribution of modal responses to the structural responses. The performance of the controller is investigated to adjust control force of piezoelectric friction dampers (PFDs) in a benchmark base isolated building. In order to tune the modal feedback gain of the controller, a suitable trade-off among the conflicting objectives, i.e., the reduction of maximum modal base displacement and the maximum modal floor acceleration of the smart base isolated structure, as well as the maximum modal control force, is created using a multi-objective cuckoo search (MOCS) algorithm. In terms of reduction of maximum base displacement and story acceleration, numerical simulations show that the proposed method performs better than other reported controllers in the literature. Moreover, simulation results show that the PFDs are able to efficiently dissipate the input excitation energy and reduce the damage energy of the structure. Overall, the proposed control strategy provides a simple strategy to tune the control forces and reduces the number of sensors of the control system to the number of controlled stories.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.838-843
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• 2008

Cause of struggling to escape from dependency of fossil fuels, the fuel cell and the Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) draw attention in the all of the world. Especially, the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) systems have been anticipated for next generation's energy supplying system, and we can predict the PHEV will enlarge the market share in the next few years to reduce not only the air pollution in the metropolis but the fuel-expenses of commuters. This paper presents simulation results about the strategy of smart charging system for PHEV in the residential house which has 1 kW PEMFC cogeneration system. The smart charging system has a function of recommending the best time to charge the battery of PHEV by the lowest energy cost. The simulated energy cost for charging the battery based on the electricity demand data pattern in the house. The house which floor area is $132\;m^2$ (40 pyeong.). In these conditions, the annual gasoline, electricity, and total energy cost to fuel the PHEV versus Conventional Vehicle (CV) have been simulated in terms of cars' average life span in Korea.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2017년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.754-755
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• 2017

CPS는 실제 물리 세계와 그 위에서 진행되는 다양하고 복잡한 프로세스들과 정보들을 인터넷을 통해 데이터에 접근 및 처리하는 서비스 기반으로 사이버 세계에 밀접하게 연결시켜주는 컴퓨터 기반 구성 요소 및 시스템을 말한다. 본 논문에서는 CPS 연구의 일환으로 제조 현장에 적용 가능한 프레임 워크를 제안한다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2017년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.547-550
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• 2017

최근, 건물 내에서 편리하고 다양한 사물인터넷 서비스를 사용자에게 제공할 수 있는 스마트 빌딩관리 시스템이 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 하지만, 현재 연구되고 있는 스마트 빌딩 관리 시스템은 중앙의 단일 플랫폼 서버가 건물 내 모든 데이터와 서비스를 관리하는 방식으로, 건물의 규모가 커지고 층이 높아질수록 단일 장애 지점, 데이터베이스 과부하, 요청 처리 지연의 문제가 발생하게 된다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 부하 분산을 위해 각 층에 분산형 플랫폼 서버를 두고, 분산된 서버 간의 통신을 통해 건물의 규모에 관계없이 효율적인 사물인터넷 서비스를 제공할 수 있는 분산형 스마트 빌딩관리 시스템을 제안한다. 또한, 수치 분석을 통해, 제안 기법이 사물인터넷 플랫폼 서버 부하 및 요청 처리 지연 측면에서 기존 기법보다 우수함을 검증하였다.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.321-339
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• 2017

Energy simulation tools can provide information on the amount of heat transfer through building envelope components, which are considered the main sources of heat loss in buildings. Therefore, it is important to improve the quality of outputs from energy simulation tools and also the process of obtaining them. In this paper, a new Building Energy Performance Assessment Tool (BEPAT) is introduced, which provides users with granular data related to heat transfer through every single wall, window, door, roof, and floor in a building and automatically saves all the related data in text files. This information can be used to identify the envelope components for thermal improvement through energy retrofit or during the design phase. The generated data can also be adopted in the design of energy smart homes, building design tools, and energy retrofit tools as a supplementary dataset. BEPAT is developed by modifying EnergyPlus source code as the energy simulation engine using C++, which only requires Input Data File (IDF) and weather file to perform the energy simulation and automatically provide detailed output. To validate the BEPAT results, a computer model is developed in Revit for use in BEPAT. Validating BEPAT's output with EnergyPlus "advanced output" shows a difference of less than 2% and thus establishing the capability of this tool to facilitate the provision of detailed output on the quantity of heat transfer through walls, fenestrations, roofs, and floors.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.83-84
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• 2023

Wall structure smart modular is a building construction method where modules are manufactured in a factory and assembled on-site. This method is gaining popularity in the construction industry as it reduces construction time and mitigates risks such as material supply and labor costs. Wall structure smart modular is necessary as it provides comfortable temporary classroom space during renovation and remodeling of aging school buildings. The structure and characteristics of each type of temporary classroom modular were compared, and wall structure modular showed superior performance in terms of height and weight competitiveness compared to mixed structures. With these advantages, wall structure modular can ensure economic efficiency and recyclability as a temporary classroom. In the future, we aim to compare and analyze the standards such as inter-floor noise and heat transfer coefficient for wall structure and mixed structures.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.255-271
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• 2014

A method of smart system identification of super high-rise buildings is proposed in which super high-rise buildings are modeled by a shear-bending system. The method is aimed at finding the story shear and bending stiffnesses of a specific story only from the horizontal floor accelerations. The proposed method uses a set of closed-form expressions for the story shear and bending stiffnesses in terms of the limited floor accelerations and utilizes a reduced shear-bending system with the same number of elements as the observation points. A difficulty of prediction of an unstable specific function in a low frequency range can be overcome by introducing an ARX model and discussing its relation with the Taylor series expansion coefficients of a transfer function. It is demonstrated that the shear-bending system can simulate the vibration records with a reasonable accuracy. It is also shown that the vibration records at two super high-rise buildings during the 2011 Tohoku (Japan) earthquake can be simulated with the proposed method including a technique of inserting degrees of freedom between the vibration recording points. Finally it is discussed further that the time-varying identification of fundamental natural period and stiffnesses can be conducted by setting an appropriate duration of evaluation in the batch least-squares method.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.367-372
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• 2016

현대의 스마트 빌딩은 온도, 습도, 소리, 빛, 이동 등 다양한 물리적 정보를 감지해낼 수 있는 센서가 설치돼 있어 인간의 행동을 감지하고 추적하여 의료, 보안, 에너지 절약 등 각종 편의 시설에의 활용이 가능이다. 본 논문은 스마트 빌딩의 센서 기술을 이용하는 효율적인 엘리베이터 스케줄링 시스템을 제안한다. 스케줄링에 사용되는 센서로는 RFID, 비디오 센서, 바닥 센서 등으로 이들 센서는 엘리베이터 사용자의 도착 여부를 엘리베이터 호출 버튼을 누르기 전에 미리 감지하는 역할을 한다. 감지된 정보는 빌딩 네트워크를 통해 엘리베이터 스케줄링 시스템으로 전달되며, 제안하는 스케줄링 시스템은 이러한 정보를 통해 엘리베이터 사용자들을 위한 예약 호출을 생성하여 엘리베이터의 이동 방향과 이동 시간을 효율적으로 제어한다. 제안하는 엘리베이터 스케줄링 시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위해 다양한 워크로드 환경에서 모의 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 제안하는 스케줄링 시스템이 전통적인 엘리베이터 시스템보다 평균 대기 시간, 최악 대기 시간, 에너지 소모량 등에서 우수한 성능을 나타냄을 확인하였다.