• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.91-94
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• 2006

This study aimed at researching Healthcare by the Smart Technology and the current change of people's need for Healthcare in the Bathroom. In future, it is necessary to develop the Bathroom of varied purpose. The Smart-healthcare will be the major issues at Smart Home design. Because increasing interest in Healthcare. Smart Technology is able to apply the design a bathroom for the architectural relations and realizes a remote healthcare in the Bathroom. This study will be analyze change function of Bathroom and the Smart Technology and Healthcare Systems. Therefore this study make proposal for the design of the Bathroom and the remote control of Healthcare using Smart Technology System in harmony with the special property for hygiene, physiology and Healthcare in the Bathroom.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.256-264
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• 2013

A bathroom in house has been stressed not only as a space for physiology and hygiene but also leisure and healthcare. However, the bathroom is the most likely space where an elderly person can have an accident and it is uncomfortable space for them because of their deteriorating physical ability. So the purpose of this study is to help the elderly use their bathroom conveniently by providing smart service. Therefore, we carry out 18 smart service patterns that contain assistive devices and sensors for bathroom. Considering applicability and frequency, from among these service patterns, we suggest 4 service patterns. First is a fall prevention service. This service helps elderly use the bathroom safely at night. Second is a getting ready to go out service. This service helps the situation that elderly use the bathroom after getting up in the morning. Third is a security service in daily life especially before or after meals. And final is a service regarding personal hygiene service after returning home. This service helps to shower or bathe after return home. These services have positive influence in medical expense reductions, good health care and self-reliance of elderly.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2018

최근 헬스케어에 적합한 디바이스의 발전, 만성 질환자의 증가와 고령화로 인한 사회적 니즈 증가는 스마트 헬스케어 시스템이 발전하는 계기가 되었고, 새로운 의료 패러다임을 제시하고 있다. 이에 따라 변화하는 의료 서비스 개념을 수용하려는 움직임이 현대 주거에서 나타나고 있으며 특히 주거 공간 속 욕실은 다양한 유형의 욕실 문화가 나타나면서 건강관리 공간으로 다원화되고 있다.[1] 따라서 디지털 의료 3단계를 적극 활용해 스마트 헬스케어 시스템이 적용된 스마트 샤워기, 스마트 체중계 등의 미래 욕실 용품을 구상해 보고, 개개인의 니즈에 필요한 기술을 모색하였다. 변화하고 있는 욕실에 적합한 제품들을 구상함으로써 4차 산업혁명 시대를 대비하고 향후 국가적, 정책적인 개선을 통해 스마트 헬스케어 기술의 발전에 도움이 되고자 한다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2017

It is very important for the elderly to maintain their independence and to live safe and comfortable daily lives in order to lead an independent life. The bathroom in the house has the greatest number of fall accidents and has a great influence on the independence of the elderly. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a bathroom design method that improves the independence of the elderly whose physical function is deteriorated through preventing falls. In this study, first of all, we investigated the causes of falling in bathrooms based on the previous studies, and identified the intelligent services that can prevent falls and selected them according to individual needs. Secondly, we investigated the bathroom size of the apartment among the various housing type, analyzed the type of the bathroom, and developed a standard type of the bathroom. Thirdly, we analyzed the design guidelines for the elderly residents in Korea and proposed improvement directions. We also divided the intelligent sanitary appliances and fall-prevention products and proposed the installation method and directions. Therefore, the comprehensive bathroom design standards and proposals proposed in this study will be the basis of bathroom design to prevent falls and improve independence of the elderly, and it will be easy to understand and help the designer in designing. Finally, this study is meaningful in that it provides independence of the elderly through fall prevention and increases the easiness of hygiene action and suggests direction to maintain self-sustaining life of the elderly.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.419-424
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• 2015

고령화 사회로 진입된 현재 노인들의 응급상황에 대한 안전 보호 기능이 더욱 요구되고 있으나, 노인들이 거주하고 있는 주거설비나 시설들은 노인의 안전에 대한 특성을 배려하지 못하고 있으므로 각종 안전사고가 일어날 수 있다. 특히 현재, 홀로 거주하는 노인들이 집안 내부 중 폐쇄공간인 화장실과 욕실과 같은 공간에서 발생하는 응급상황에 대비할 수 있는 기능은 호출 버튼을 누르는 정도이나, 노인들의 경우 화장실과 욕실에서 미끄러짐과 넘어짐과 같은 응급 상황이 많이 발생하고 있고 특히 생명과 직결되는 경우가 많다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 노인들이 거주하는 집안과 자주 이용하는 화장실에서 노인 안전 보호 기능을 강화할 수 있도록 다양한 센서를 통해 노인들의 움직임과 동작을 수집하고 수집된 노인들의 생활 패턴 정보에 대해 사례기반추론을 이용하여 실시간으로 상황을 인식하여 응급상황이 발생할 경우 신속하게 가족 혹은 친척이나 관련 기관에 전화를 걸어 대처할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하였다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 전도열손실과 증발에 의한 열손실을 바탕으로 욕조의 자유표면에서 일어나는 온수의 열손실을 해석하고자 한다. 연구결과 욕조의 성능을 평가할 수 있는 식을 열전달 기본식으로 부터 관계식을 도출하였으며 이 식은 매우 시성적이며 정량적이었다. 특히 욕조 내 온수의 냉각은 증발에 의한 열손실이 지배적이었다. 또한, 온수의 온도 냉각 속도는 온수의 온도에는 크게 영향을 받지 않으나 욕실의 습도에 따라 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 확인되었다. 그러므로 욕조의 온도는 $41{\sim}45^{\circ}C$를 유지하며 욕실의 습도가 95％를 유지하는 것이 가장 효과적이라 판단된다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2016

Rapid changes to the paradigm of smart media have created a communication environment through merging with various media such as IoT technology, which is internet of things. Among them, user' need for a start home, which is one of people living conditions, has been growing and values of the communication environment in a living space using a smart mirror have been growing. However, studies on figuring out behavior and analyzing needs of family members who actually use the living space are insufficient. This study is to draw the service system of the home smart mirror by analysis of behavior and needs of users of the living space. For a research method for analysis of behavior of family members, I wrote two kinds of user's experience maps, which are frequency of use of a quantitative space of a living space and space's important value scales by persona study and depth interview. Through this, applied spaces of the home smart mirror (living room, bathroom, powder room, dress room, porch, kitchen, room) and the types of user needs (type of providing information, entertainment type, control type, service type) have been drawn and statistical analysis methodology has been utilized for a research of user preferences in regard to correlation between living spaces and types of user needs based on a survey. As a result of analysis of ages and gender, types of user needs by space have been drawn and the service system of the home smart mirror has been drawn. It would be utilized as a basic material for various contents development and design using the smart mirror in the future.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2023

Efforts to employ smart home sensors to monitor the indoor activities of elderly single residents have been made to assess the feasibility of a safe and healthy lifestyle. However, the bathroom remains an area of blind spot. In this study, we have developed and evaluated a new edge computer device that can automatically detect water usage activities in the bathroom and record the activity log on a cloud server. Three kinds of sound as flushing, showering, and washing using wash basin generated during water usage were recorded and cut into 1-second scenes. These sound clips were then converted into a 2-dimensional image using MEL-spectrogram. Sound data augmentation techniques were adopted to obtain better learning effect from smaller number of data sets. These techniques, some of which are applied in time domain and others in frequency domain, increased the number of training data set by 30 times. A deep learning model, called CRNN, combining Convolutional Neural Network and Recurrent Neural Network was employed. The edge device was implemented using Raspberry Pi 4 and was equipped with a condenser microphone and amplifier to run the pre-trained model in real-time. The detected activities were recorded as text-based activity logs on a Firebase server. Performance was evaluated in two bathrooms for the three water usage activities, resulting in an accuracy of 96.1% and 88.2%, and F1 Score of 96.1% and 87.8%, respectively. Most of the classification errors were observed in the water sound from washing. In conclusion, this system demonstrates the potential for use in recording the activities as a lifelog of elderly single residents to a cloud server over the long-term.