• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.19-27
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• 2020

This research investigates the determinants of investment capital size in Vietnam's small and medium-sized firms. The study employs a sample of 458 small and medium-sized enterprises in the country. The study is based on data collects in the areas of Hanoi, Bac Can, Buon Ma Thuot and Pleiku Provinces at time series data of October 2019. This study also identifies the factors that affect the size of investment capital in medium and small-sized enterprises in Vietnam. Data are processed via STATA 14.0 and SPSS 20.0 software. The research results indicate that (1) business lines, (2) import and export business, (3) type of business registration, (4) business location, (5) operating time, and (6) the percentage of the organization's capital contribution are factors that impact on the size of the investment capital of the business. Business line and business location have negative impacts on investment capital size. The operating time, the percentage of the organization's capital contribution, import and export business, and the type of business registration have positive impacts on investment capital size. In addition, the findings of this study also suggest that the operation time has the highest impact on investment capital size of the small and medium-sized firms in Vietnam.

• Korean small business review
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.19-37
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• 2009

The purpose of this research is to explore differences between small and medium-sized companies and large-sized companies in the impact of human resource innovativeness(HRI), learning orientation(LO), and HRI-LO interaction on innovation effect and business performance. Although learning orientation has long been considered as a key factor influencing good performance of a business, little research was devoted to exploring the effect of HRI-LO interaction on innovation effect and business performance. In this study, it is investigated whether there is a synergy effect between innovative human workforce and learning orientation corporate culture, in addition to each by itself, to generate good business performance as well as a success of new innovations in the market. Research hypotheses were as follows, including H1) human resource innovativeness(HRI), learning orientation(LO), and interactions of HRI and LO(HRI-LO interaction) positively affect innovation effect, H2) there is a difference of the effect of HRI, LO, and HRI-LO interaction on innovation effect between large-sized and small-sized companies, H3) HRI, LO, HRI-LO interaction, innovation effect positively affect business performance, and H4) there is a difference of the effect of HRI, LO, HRI-LO interaction, and innovation effect on business performance between large-sized and small-sized companies. Data were obtained from 479 practitioners through a web survey since the web survey is an efficient method to collect a national data at a variety of fields. A single respondent from a company was allowed to participate in the study after checking whether they have more than 5-year work experiences in the company. To check whether a common source bias is existed in the sample, additional data from a convenient sample of 97 companies were gathered through the traditional survey method, and were used to confirm correlations between research variables of the original sample and the additional sample. Data were divided into two groups according to company size, such as 352 small and medium-sized companies with less than 300 employees and 127 large-sized companies with 300 or more employees. Data were analyzed through t-test and regression analyses. HRI which is the innovativeness of human resources in the company was measured with 9 items assessing the innovativenss of practitioners in staff, manager, and executive-level positions. LO is the company's effort to encourage employees' development, sharing, and utilizing of knowledge through consistent learning. LO was measured by 18 items assessing commitment to learning, vision sharing, and open-mindedness. Innovation effect which assesses a success of new products/services in the market, was measured with 3 items. Business performance was measured by respondents' evaluations on profitability, sales increase, market share, and general business performance, compared to other companies in the same field. All items were measured by using 6-point Likert scales. Means of multiple items measuring a construct were used as variables based on acceptable reliability and validity. To reduce multi-collinearity problems generated on the regression analysis of interaction terms, centered data were used for HRI, LO, and Innovation effect on regression analyses. In group comparison, large-sized companies were superior on annual sales, annual net profit, the number of new products/services in the last 3 years, the number of new processes advanced in the last 3 years, and the number of R&D personnel, compared to small and medium-sized companies. Also, large-sized companies indicated a higher level of HRI, LO, HRI-LO interaction, innovation effect and business performance than did small and medium-sized companies. The results indicate that large-sized companies tend to have more innovative human resources and invest more on learning orientation than did small-sized companies, therefore, large-sized companies tend to have more success of a new product/service in the market, generating better business performance. In order to test research hypotheses, a series of multiple-regression analysis was conducted. In the regression analysis examining the impact on innovation effect, important results were generated as : 1) HRI, LO, and HRI-LO affected innovation effect, and 2) company size indicated a moderating effect. Based on the result, the impact of HRI on innovation effect would be greater in small and medium-sized companies than in large-sized companies whereas the impact of LO on innovation effect would be greater in large-sized companies than in small and medium-sized companies. In other words, innovative workforce would be more important in making new products/services that would be successful in the market for small and medium-sized companies than for large-sized companies. Otherwise, learning orientation culture would be more effective in making successful products/services for large-sized companies than for small and medium-sized companies. Based on these results, research hypotheses 1 and 2 were supported. In the analysis of a regression examining the impact on business performance, important results were generated as : 1) innovation effect, LO, and HRI-LO affected business performance, 2) HRI by itself did not have a direct effect on business performance regardless of company size, and 3) company size indicated a moderating effect. Specifically, an effect of the HRI-LO interaction on business performance was stronger in large-sized companies than in small and medium-sized companies. It means that the synergy effect of innovative human resources and learning orientation culture tends to be stronger as company is larger. Referring to these result, research hypothesis 3 was partially supported whereas hypothesis 4 was supported. Based on research results, implications for companies were generated. Regardless of company size, companies need to develop the learning orientation corporate culture as well as human resources' innovativeness together in order to achieve successful development of innovative products and services as well as to improve sales and profits. However, the effectiveness of the HRI-LO interaction would be varied by company size. Specifically, the synergy effect of HRI-LO was stronger to make a success of new products/services in small and medium-sized companies than in large-sized companies. However, the synergy effect of HRI-LO was more effective to increase business performance of large-sized companies than that of small and medium-sized companies. In the case of small and medium-sized companies, business performance was achieved more through the success of new products/services than much directly affected by HRI-LO. The most meaningful result of this study is that the effect of HRI-LO interaction on innovation effect and business performance was confirmed. It was often ignored in the previous research. Also, it was found that the innovativeness of human workforce would not directly influence in generating good business performance, however, innovative human resources would indirectly affect making good business performance by contributing to achieving the development of new products/services that would be successful in the market. These findings would provide valuable managerial implications specifically in regard to the development of corporate culture and education program of small and medium-sized as well as large-sized companies in a variety of fields.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.109-120
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• 2003

This paper proposes an e-business maturity model for small and medium-sized enterprises. The model consists of five maturity levels, which are on-line access, on-line business, matured on-line business, and full on-line business from least matured level to most matured level. The model can be used to assess e-business maturity level of individual enterprises. individual enterprise's maturity level can be assessed by examining sample check lists. Additionally, this paper summarizes the results of an application of the proposed model to a couple of small and medium-sized enterprises. This model can also be used to suggest what individual enterprises need to be upgraded towards higher maturity level.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.162-179
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• 2024

With the acceleration of China's urbanization process, the economic development and market potential of small and medium-sized cities have been constantly enhanced, with the urbanization competition having been caught in the vortex of homogenization. However, small and medium-sized cities are exposed to limited resources and funds, and therefore need to be more flexible and innovative in the strategy implementation, while urban brand communication is one of the key factors to promote the competitiveness of cities. Taking the small and medium-sized cities in China as the research objects, this study, based on the domestic and foreign theories about the brand communication of small and medium-sized cities, as well as other city-related theories, analyzes textual materials about the current situation and new changes in brand communication of small and medium-sized cities with grounded theory, reflecting on the problems in brand communication in China's small and medium-sized cities. Combining the basic elements of urban brand communication, a model for constructing brand communication strategies for small and medium-sized cities is further proposed, so as to provide the differentiated and distinctive strategies for the construction and communication of urban brands in small and medium-sized cities in China, as well as provide a new perspective and strategy on how to enhance the competitiveness and contribute to the sustainable economic development of small and medium-sized.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.169-190
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• 2015

The status of small and medium-sized enterprises has been changed into more independent business entities rather than simply subcontractor so that the utilization of specialized knowledge has been much more necessary for the survival in the market. However, small and medium-sized enterprises, it is difficult to sufficient investment in knowledge services due to limited resources relative to large enterprises and demand for knowledge services business of government support is growing. For this reason, it is important to measure accurately the demand for knowledge services of small and medium-sized enterprises in knowledge management for effective utilization of knowledge service. In this study, we analyzed previous studies on small and medium-sized enterprises knowledge services that can be utilized in a comprehensive way. As a result, we developed knowledge service needs assessment model based on five critical success factors for continual growth and 12 types of knowledge service. This model has been modified and supplemented through expert meeting using delphi research method and topic modeling analysis using secondary data. This study is attempted to appropriately measure necessary knowledge services for small and medium-sized enterprises so that generated the evaluation model of knowledge service demands, comprehensively dealing with core knowledge services for many kinds of business entities. It is expected that the developed model will be a useful tool to understand and evaluate knowledge services demands of enterprises.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.219-222
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• 2003

This paper is to propose e-business strategies for individual SME's(small and medium-sized enterprises). e-business maturity model is used to assess e-business maturity level of a target SME, and then corresponding e-business strategy is proposed based on the current maturity level. We studied two SME's to show how it works. Most SME's are small and do not have enough resources to invest on information systems. As it turns out, e-business strategies of SME should heavily depend on its relationship with customers and suppliers. One of the studied SME's is found to be in higher maturity level, because its manufacturing system is tightly related to its customer. One of major implications of this study is that e-business level of SME's should be upgraded considering how it is doing business with its customers and suppliers.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.5-11
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• 2012

Purpose - This paper proposes measurement models to evaluate the management performance of small and medium-sized retail businesses on the basis of a trading area analysis that compares their proposed revenue to actual revenue in the trading area. Research design, data, methodology - The study proposes measurement models consisting of five stages, namely: (1) district background survey, (2) customer survey, (3) competitor survey, (4) business district survey, and (5) business performance analysis. Results - To identify business districts easily, this study preferred a minor-adjusted method based on the Euclidean distance, as it is simple to employ for the small and medium-sized businesses. This model was applied to select coffee shops in Daejeon. Results indicated that although the targeted shop was not located in an appropriate location, actual sales were higher than expected. Conclusions - Small- or medium-sized retail businesses face difficulties regarding the economies of scale and brand recognition and must choose an appropriate location to ensure management stability. However, such businesses will find it difficult to evaluate their competitive edge accurately using a trading area analysis.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.53-61
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• 2015

Purpose - This research analyzes overseas expansion support systems for small- and medium-sized enterprises in Germany and Japan. Germany and Japan have developed overseas expansion support policies for such enterprises. The study then explores the implications for Korea and its local governments. Research design, data, and methodology - We did a comparative analysis of Japan and Germany and their support for overseas expansion of small and medium companies. Data were mainly collected from the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan) and the Germany Trade and Invest (Germany) agency through statistics and literature surveys, and analysis studies. Results - First, human resources cultivation and funding support policies, which both Germany and Japan use as part of small- and medium-sized enterprise policies, should be modified to Korean circumstances and to reflect its own small- and medium-sized enterprise support needs. Second, both the German policies that support overseas expansion of small- and medium-sized enterprises and those of Japan's include the philosophy and methods that put an emphasis on these enterprises, despite the fact that there are big differences in the overseas policies in these two countries. Third, German and Japanese governments are embracing the idea that small- and medium-sized enterprises are key to their national economies and implementing policies based on the ratio occupied by these enterprises in the domestic consumption or GDP. In other words, Germany and Japan consider small- and medium-sized enterprises as central to their nation's industry, and assess them as economic industry that should definitely exist for the continued survival of big businesses, and not just as merely supplemental to big business. Fourth, whereas Germany emphasizes support to product exhibition in its overseas expansion support policies, Japan is providing integrated support containing foreign direct investment to small- and medium-sized enterprises. Fifth, there are differences in the overseas expansion support in Germany and Japan in terms of their support to big business. Whereas Germany considers support to big business unnecessary, Japan is implementing active support policies to areas corresponding to big business. Korea will have to benchmark the policies of Germany and Japan, and decide whether or not to give full support to small- and medium-sized enterprises, while excluding areas supporting big business. Conclusions - Based on this analysis of German and Japanese overseas expansion support policies, we need to choose the policies that will engender a solid outcome and derive modified policies for the circumstances of Korea. Additionally, we can use the comparison of the overseas support policies of Japan and Germany to choose small- and medium-sized enterprise overseas expansion support policies for Korea. However, we cannot provide specific overseas support policies by industry. This point will be referenced as a limitation of this study. In future research, we expect that some researchers will take an empirical approach to exploring Korean overseas expansion support through collecting cases of overseas support policies and interviewing policy authorities.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.195-204
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• 2014

Recent, Secure the small and medium-sized enterprises from advanced and intelligence cyber threat, 24 hours of prevention, detection and analysis is essential. Small and Medium Business monitoring center is operated by government financial support to protect and prevent these threats. Currently it provides security to about 900 small and medium-sized enterprises. This paper studies abnormal and attack packets from small and medium-sized businesses[enterprises] which is monitored by Small and Medium Business monitoring center and provides improvement of security control for small and medium-sized enterprises.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.5776-5785
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• 2012

Government bodies offer various policies and programs to support small and medium sized enterprise. There's no only one business firm's performance model for the management performance assessment for the government's supporting and/or resupporting program. However assessment factor had been supposed to manage for the enterprise. Current assessment standards, that is Business Innovation Small and Medium sized firm Certification Model, Technology Innovation Small and Medium sized firm Certification Model, Productivity Management System Certification Model, Small and Medium Sized Firms of Korea Federation of Banks, and Business Performance of the State Owned Enterprise would be collected and then develop performance assessment model for the start-ups small and medium sized firms.