• KIEAE Journal
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2016

Purpose: Heat transfers phenomena are described by the second order partial differential equation and its boundary conditions. In a three-dimensional structure of a building, the heat transfer phenomena generally include more than one material, and thus, become complicate. The analytic solutions are useful to understand heat transfer phenomena, but they can hardly be applied in engineering or design problems. Engineers and designers have generally been forced to use numerical methods providing reliable results. Finite volume methods with the unstructured grid system is only the suitable means of the analysis for the complex and arbitrary domains. Method: To obtain an numerical solution, a discretization method, which approximates the differential equations, and the interpolation methods for temperature and heat flux between two or more materials are required. The discretization methods are applied to small domains in space and time, and these numerical solutions form the descretized equations provide approximated solutions in both space and time. The accuracy of numerical solutions is dependent on the quality of discretizations and size of cells used. The higher accuracy, the higher numerical resources are required. The balance between the accuracy and difficulty of the numerical methods is critical for the success of the numerical analysis. A simple and easy interpolation methods among multiple materials are developed. The linear equations are solved with the BiCGSTAB being a effective matrix solver. Result: This study provides an overview of discretization methods, boundary interface, and matrix solver for the 3-dimensional numerical heat transfer including two materials.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2013

On July 2004, the brand new CASBEE for construction (Brief version) has completed while trying to highlight and improve major items adequate for each region's characteristics in Japan; at the same time, from the start of NAGOYA CITY (operated since April 2004) to the point of May 2011, it has been mandatory for specified size buildings in 23 regions by law. Evaluation sheet of CASBEE is published on each region's home page and various genre of information on building evaluation which is scheduled to be completed by 2016 and is for 5-6 years of quantity is accumulated until October 2012. It is good study resource to verify how new buildings being evaluated are closely match with CASBEE's original purport (eco-friendly, energy efficiency, publicity etc). Particularly, for Japan's multi-family housing where small sized mid to high level single housing type is majority in city, it is an important point that improved performance on eco-friendly buildings have more value in city rather than suburb. Categorized score through evaluation is a resource to confirm the latest trend of multi-family housing built in congested city; on the other hand, demand of the time can be recognized by the score focused on category. It is meaningful resource to determine the adequacy of evaluated items and the degree of reality.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.248-256
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• 2014

According to data from the national office of Statistics Korea and Ministry of Health and Welfare, as the elderly population increases, the dementia elderly population continues to increase and its future population growth rate is expected to be even faster. In particular, the Dementia Management Act has been in effect since February 2012, and active efforts has been made for a policy for the dementia management. The purpose of this study is to establish standards on building plans based on the appropriate scale and spatial configuration on facilities planning for the elderly with dementia. Specifically, the basic data were collected with a request for a total of 103 points on the basis of a database of group homes in the survey managed by the Japan Association of Group Homes. Specific information of the research includes the management body of facilities operation, scale of the facilities, number of units and configuration of personal living space, and the collected survey data and drawings were statistically proceed and analyzed using the SPSS WIN 20.0. analysis results are summarized as follows. first, most of the group homes come to the small size of the 1-2 story home ; the approximate number of units is one or two per home, and each unit consists of nine rooms. second, a number of group homes with the building area of $300m^2$ have the U-shaped arrangement which is advantageous in the extension and facilities maintenance. In conclusion, this study is to be the fundamental data for judgments that can be used to establish standards for the facilities for the dementia elderly whose population continues to increase. In addition, further study is necessary to establish suitable design conditions of our country.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.1243-1247
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• 1996

In this paper, a small PLC system is designed and developed for the distributed building control and fire control system. It uses 8031, a 8-bit micro controller from Intel Inc. The size of the PLC is $7cm{\times}8cm$ and the PLC can accept 4 sensor inputs and drive 4 relay outputs, which operates at 24V. Multiple access of PLC by one host computer is implemented by assigning a unique 10 to each PLC, which ranges from 0 to 126. The operation starts by sending a command packet from host computer to a PLC and the PLC of the same 10 fetches the command packet by comparing the first byte of the command packet with its own 10. The PLC is programmed to perform a various functions and the function is selected by the content of the command byte, which is the second byte of the command packet. The third byte, which is the last byte, is a checksum byte. The checksum byte is the sum of the first byte and the second byte and is used to detect the communication error. Depending on the content of the command byte, PLC performs the desired function and returns the response packet back to the host computer. The response packet is also a three-byte packet, 10 byte, response byte and checksum byte. For the independent operation of PLC without being controlled by the host computer, variable length RULE data packet is sent to PLC. In case the communication line is broken, the PLC perform the independent operation by referencing the RULE data. The applicable areas are; building automation system, distributed factory automation, measurement of temperature of toxic or dangerous area.

• 중소기업연구
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.59-86
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• 2021

플랫폼(platform) 개념은 제품 플랫폼, 거래 플랫폼에서 산업 플랫폼에 이르기까지 다양한 형태로 기업의 경영활동에 활용되어 왔다. 모든 플랫폼은 공통적으로 자주 재사용 되는 핵심과 재사용이 적고 자주 변경되는 주변부로 구성된다. 기업은 플랫폼을 사용하여 제품군, 거래, 그리고 혁신을 보다 효율적으로 개발 및 창출할 수 있다. 이러한 플랫폼은 제품을 중심으로 한 전통적 산업구조에 변화를 가져옴으로써 많은 중소기업에게 새로운 기회를 제공한다. 한국의 서비스용 로봇 산업은 협소한 시장 규모로 인해 주로 기술 중심의 중소기업으로 구성되어 있다. 이들 중소기업들은 기술개발에 성공하더라도 제품을 판매하기 위해 시장을 창출하고 확장하는데 어려움을 겪는다. 따라서 본 연구는 한국 서비스용 로봇 산업의 특성 및 문제점을 조명하고 중소기업인 로보프린트가 어떻게 서비스용 로봇 시장을 확장하고 지속적으로 성장하였는지를 플랫폼 이론을 적용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 로보프린트는 제품과 거래 플랫폼 개념을 적용한 것으로 나타났다. 첫째, 로보프린트는 초기에 개발한 아트봇의 핵심 기술을 기반으로 페인팅 로봇, 건물 외벽 청소 로봇 및 맞춤형 로봇을 개발하였다. 또한, 직접 로봇을 이용한 아파트 벽화 서비스를 제공하고 이를 방음벽, 지하통로, 옹벽 등 다양한 지역으로 확장하였다. 뿐만 아니라 가상현실 기술을 개발하는 등 새로운 서비스를 지속적으로 추가했다. 둘째, 로보프린트는 벽화 서비스 구매자와 벽화 디자이너를 매개하였다. 이는 벽화 서비스를 의뢰하는 구매자들이 디자이너를 탐색해야 하는 번거로움을 줄여주었고, 벽화 디자이너들에게는 벽화사업의 참여 기회를 열어주었다. 마지막으로 로보프린트는 플랫폼의 범위를 지속적으로 넓히고자 노력하였다. 내부에서만 재사용되던 로보프린트의 기술을 외부 기업과 공유하기 위해 대구광역시 '신기술 플랫폼 서비스'에 참여하였다. 뿐만 아니라 로봇을 외부 기업에 임대하여 서비스 플랫폼을 공유하고자 노력하고 있다. 본 연구는 중소기업이 다양한 플랫폼을 이용하여 시장을 창출하고 지속적으로 확장할 수 있음을 보여주어 기존 플랫폼 이론에 기여하며 실무자들에게도 유용한 시사점을 준다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2012

In this paper, authors will develop the quick and precise remote controller of automatic fire detection equipment (P-type one-class receiver) based on information communication technology (IT). The remote controller detects the fire and disaster in the building automatically and quickly and then activates the facilities to extinguish the fire and disaster, monitoring such situation in a real time through wire-wireless communication network. The proposed remote controller is applied a programmable logic device (PLD) micom. of one-chip type which is small size and lightweight and also has highly sensitive-precise reliabilities. The one-chip type PLD micom. analyzes digital signals from sensors, then activates fire extinguishing facilities for alarm and rapid suppression in a case of fire and disaster. The detected data is also transferred to a remote situation room through wire-wireless network of RS232c and bluetooth communication, and then the situation room sends an emergency alarm signal. The automatic fire detection equipment (AFDE) based on IT will minimize the life and wealth loss while prevents fire and disaster.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2014

Construction of vinyl house structures is increasing because they do not have a large cross section as non-permanent structures. Vinyl house structures are apt to collapse by snow load because they have a small size member as a temporary building. Therefore, it is very important to ensure not only the stiffness of the individual member, but also the overall stability of three-dimensional arch-type vinyl house structures. The purpose of this study is to estimate the stability of arch-type vinyl house structures that have a various curvature under the vertical load such as snow load. As a result of the study, the buckling load of V27 model is the largest, and the values of buckling load have a tendency to increase with increasing H(height of arch) in the case of $H{\leq}2.75m$, but to decrease with increasing H in the case of $H{\geq}2.75m$.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.235-251
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• 2014

Purpose: To develop efficient PL response system, SMEs should decide which component of PL response system is important and implemented with priority under limited resources. To accomplish this goal, we propose strategic priority components of PL response system for SME manufacturer. Methods: We categorize the components of PL response system based on prior research results - System, Organization, Training, Technology, Cost, and Awareness. AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) is applied to extract important components of PL response system, which is used in assigning the priority of component. To analyze effects of each components, performance sensitivity analysis is applied. Results: The survey analysis results show Technology is the most important components. Organization and Cost component are follows. As the importance of Technology is changed, we can find Organization, Cost is second and third important components. Conclusion: Our research shows Technology which is related to make a safe product with systematic process, is a basic enabler of PL response system. Also, building a PL team and securing a budget for PL activity should be carry out with limited resources.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.497-503
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• 1997

This study was performed to Investigate the utilization of waste concretes for neutralization and removal of heavy metals In plating wastewater, because waste concretes have been known to be very porous, to have high species surface area and to have alkaline minerals such as calcium. The results obtained from this research showed that waste concretes had a buffer capacity to neutralize an acidic alali system in plating wastewater. Generally, neutralization and removal rate of heavy metals were excellent in the increase of waste concrete amounts and a small size. Because a coefficient of correlation was high, it seemed that removal of heavy metals could be explained by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. If we reflected the adsorption capacity(k) and adsorption intensity(1/n) of Freundlich isotherm, we couldn't consider waste concretes as a good adsorbent. But, we could know that waste concretes were capable of removing a part of heavy metals. In point of building waste debris, if waste concretes substituted for a valuable adsorbent such as actuated carbon, they could look forward to an expected economical effect.

• 센서학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.168-177
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• 2008

An indoor environmental monitoring system using IEEE 802.15.4 based wireless sensor network is proposed to monitor the amount of pollutant entering to the room from outside and also the amount of pollutant that is generated in indoor by the building materials itself or human activities. Small-size, low-power wireless sensor node and low power electrochemical sensor board is designed to measure the condition of indoor environment in buildings such as home, offices, commercial premises and schools. In this paper, two query models, the broadcasting query protocol and flooding query protocol, were designed and programmed as a query-based routing protocol in wireless sensor network for an environment monitoring system. The flooding query routing protocol in environment monitoring is very effective as a power saving routing protocol and reliable data transmission between sensor nodes.