• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.81-85
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• 2000

In order to reduce emission of air pollutants from spot incineration, it is required to develope the combustion chamber of small wastes incinerator having combustion efficiency. The characteristics of combustion of the incinerator with combustion chamber having tangential angels with surface of 45$^{\circ}$of air supply nozzles were studied in accordance with non-grate, fixed-grate and shaking-grate in the combustion chamber. Combustion conditions were evaluated with combustion efficiency, emission of hazardous gases, temperatures, ignition loss of ash and so on. Combustion efficiencies were shown 73.9% for non-gate, 81.1% for fixed-grate and 89.0% for shaking-grate. Emissions of CO were revealed 6.52 ppm for non-grate, 273 ppm for fixed-grate and 224 for shaking-grate. Comprehensively evaluated, combustion conditions got better in order of shaking-grate, fixed-grate and non-grate. This study suggests that small wastes incinerator should have shaking-or fixed-grate in combustion chamber to get better combustion condition even though at expensive cost of manufacturing.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.299-308
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• 2000

This study analyzed solid wastes generated from a school. The emission potential of hazardous pollutants generated from incineration of the school solid wastes (SSWs) was analyzed. Components of the SSWs were identified and the SSWs were classified into combustible and non-combustible wasts. The combustible wastes consisted of papers of 56.5^ plastics of 30.2% woods of 7.1% and fibers of 6.1% based on weight of the wastes. The moisture content and the ash content of the combustible wastes were 18~20% and 11~13% respectively. The combustible wastes of the SSWs were incinerated by using a small-scale incinerator. Fly and bottom ashes and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were collected from the incineration. Also the metal leaching experiments on the fly and bottom ashes were performed, In analysis of metals leached from the ashes the total amounts of metals leached in the acid solution (pH=3) were much greater than those in the neutral solution (pH=5.8~6.2) For the same amounts of the fly and bottom ashes the total amounts of metals leached from the fly ashes were much greater than those from the bottom ashes. The VOCs produced from incineration of the SSWs consisted of aromatics of 42.1% aliphatic alkenes of 26.3% oxidized forms of 17.3% and aliphatic alkanes of 14.3% In addition the considerable amounts of hazardous air pollutants (e.g benzene chloro-benzene and chloro-alkanes) and compounds (e. g, aliphatic alkenes) with high potential of ozone or photochemical smog formation were identified from the incineration experiment of the SSWs.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2002

Experiments on burning process of the industrial wastes were performed on a nozzle-type grate in the industrial waste incinerator with a capacity of 160 kilograms per hour. The temporal variations of temperatures and concentrations of the exhaust gas were measured and analyzed. The synthetic leather waste with the moisture content less than 2% was used. The experimental results show that the CO concentration in the exhaust gas exceeds the limit, 600 ppm, and the gas temperature fluctuates too much when 8 kg of waste was supplied every 3 minutes, equivalent to the capacity of 160kg per hour. That is a typical burning mode of this high-calorific industrial waste. When the smaller unit waste input, 6kg per every 2 min 15 seconds was supplied, we could reduce the fluctuations of the furnace temperature and improve the exhaust emissions, especially the CO concentration.

• 적정기술학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2020

의료폐기물은 감염성물질을 함유하고 있는 모든 종류의 폐기물을 가리키며 전염을 예방하기 위해 운송에 신중을 기해야 한다. 처리 수단으로의 소각은 부피 감소, 악취 제거, 위해성 측면에서 매립이나 투기보다 장점을 갖고 있다. 야외 소각이나 바람직하지 않은 환경에서의 소각은 환경오염 물질의 대기 중 배출을, 생물학적 폐기물의 매립은 토양과 수질오염을 야기시킨다. 피지의 대부분의 2차 병원은 의료 폐기물을 세 군데에 있는 3차 병원으로 차량 또는 배로 이송하여 소각 처리한다. 어떤 의료폐기물은 일반폐기물로 간주되어 현장에서 야외 소각되거나 출산 시 발생한 생물학적 의료폐기물은 매립되기도 하였다. 이런 측면에서 의료폐기물 처리 관련 인력들에 대한 인식 증진을 위한 교육이 시급하다. 피지에서의 의료폐기물 처리는 단일 도로를 따르는 차량운송, 배를 이용한 도서간 운송보다 소형 소각로를 이용한 현장소각이 권장되며, 가이드라인 제정, 관련 인력 훈련, 정부의 법률적 제정 등 의료 폐기물 처리를 위한 기반 조성이 필요하다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.539-546
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• 2002

The physicochemical properties of solid wastes generated from seven highway service areas, four branch offices, and one construction site were analyzed in concert with air pollutants including heavy metals emitted from near-by small-scale incinerators. The amount of solid wastes generated from highway areas has been increasing with recent increases in the number of highways and passengers. Twelve incinerators examined in this study generally had capacity smaller than 100 kg/hr, most of which were equipped with cyclone for dust removal. It was seen that the concentrations of the gas-phase air pollutants (e.g., SO$_2$, NO$_{x}$, HCl and H$_2$S) were above the acceptable emission standards except one or two sites. CO concentrations at all incinerators were also higher due to incomplete combustion. In addition, particulate matters showed concentration six times higher at their maximum. The results of heavy metal analysis showed that the concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Ni satisfied the emission standards. whereas Pb at one site and Zn at five sites exceeded the standards. Cr measurement results indicated that 9 of 12 incinerators had higher values than the standard; especially one branch office showed nine times higher than normal concentration. In order to satisfy more stringent emission standards in the near future, it is necessary to install air pollution control system and to develop an intensified management plan.n.