• Journal of Digestive Cancer Reports
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2021

Tumors of the small intestine are rare and generally asymptomatic or with nonspecific symptoms. The small intestine is difficult to approach using conventional endoscopy, and early diagnosis of the small intestinal tumors is difficult. Therefore, many of the small intestinal tumors are diagnosed at an advanced stage, which makes the prognosis poor. Premalignant lesions of the small intestine or known risk factors of small bowel cancer are sporadic adenoma, adenoma associated with familial adenomatous polyposis, hamartomatous polyp associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Crohn's disease, and celiac disease. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize that the small bowel cancer can occur in these patients with premalignant lesions or risk factors of small bowel cancer. To reduce the possibility of small bowel cancer or to detect at an earlier stage, attention should be paid to screening and surveillance of these patients with premalignant lesions or risk factors of the small bowel cancer.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.181-192
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• 2023

Purpose: The development of assistive devices has allowed for the performance of capsule endoscopy in children. Anticipating the capsule's transit time could affect the efficacy of the investigation and potentially minimize the fasting period. This study determined the predictors of small bowel transit time for small-bowel capsule endoscopy in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods: We retrospectively examined children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease who underwent capsule endoscopy by the age 18 at a Japanese tertiary care children's hospital. Small bowel transit time predictors were analyzed using multiple regression with explanatory variables. Results: Overall, 92 patients, aged 1-17 years, with inflammatory bowel disease (63 Crohn's disease and 29 ulcerative colitis cases) were examined for factors affecting small bowel transit time. In the simple regression analysis, diagnosis, age, height, weight, serum albumin, general anesthesia, and small intestine lesions were significantly associated with small bowel transit time. In the multiple regression analyses, serum albumin (partial regression coefficient: -58.9, p=0.008), general anesthesia (partial regression coefficient: 127, p<0.001), and small intestine lesions (partial regression coefficient: 30.1, p=0.037) showed significant associations with small bowel transit time. Conclusion: Hypoalbuminemia, the use of general anesthesia for endoscopic delivery of the capsule, and small intestine lesions appeared to be predictors of prolonged small bowel transit time in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease. Expecting the finishing time may improve examination with a fasting period reduction, which benefits both patients and caregivers.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 1988

These studies were taken experimentally to clarify the clinical and histopathological findings of listeriosis in Korean native goat(KNC). Four KNGs of 4 to 5 months of age were inoculated orally or in-travenously (IV) with Listeria monocytogenes isolated from a field case of KNG. 1. On the clinical findings, depression, anorexia and fever were observed in all inoculated goats, and nasal discharge, keratoconjunctivitis and diarrhea in 3 of 4 goats. Highest rectal temperature after in-oculation was 2.5$^{\circ}C$ higher in IV inoculated goats and 1.9$^{\circ}C$ higher in orally inoculated than normal rectal temperature observed before inoculation. Durations of clinical course after inoculation in IV and orally inoculated goats were 5 days and 8 days, respectively. 2. On the gross lesions, swelling of the lymph nodes, hemorrhage and .inflammation of the small intestine and rigor mortis were observed in 4 of 4 goats, and keratoconjunctivitis, hemorrhage and inflammation of the large intestine, swelling of the spleen, pneumonia and hydropericardium in 3 of 4 goats. Congestion of the visceral organs and ecchymosis of the sin in a fetus were observed. Keratoconjunctivitis, hemorrhage of the abomasum, swelling of the lymph node, hemorrhage and inflammation of the small intestine, swelling of the spleen, necrosis of the liver and pneumonia were observed as severe lesions. These lesions were more severe in IV inoculated goats than those in orally inoculated goats. 3. On histopathological findings, focal necrosis found throughout the livers occurred mainly on peripheral areas of hepatic lobules. These necrotic foci consisted of neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, short rod bacteria and necretic hepatic cells. Suppurative pneumonia of the lung, hyperemia, congestion, epithelial necrosis and sloughing of the small and large intestine, swelling in periventricular regions of the central nervous system, swelling of the kidney, spleen and lymph node were observed as listerial lesions.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.33.1-33.4
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• 2022

A male mixed-breed dog of unknown age was presented with a history of bloody diarrhea and cachexia. Toxocara canis in vomitus was identified by a parasitologist. Hematology revealed low hematocrit, eosinophilia, and low albumin. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an enlarged pulmonary artery with an irregular wall, micronodules in the lung, and vicarious excretion of contrast medium to small intestine. CT scan was helpful for identifying lung lesions and the central organs of larval migration and also show vicarious excretion of contrast medium to the small intestine in T. canis infection.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.2-5
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• 2022

사람의 체내 장기는 복잡한 구조로 되어있으며 특히, 소장은 길이가 약 7m 길이를 가지고 있어 내시경 검사가 쉽지 않고 내시경 검사 시 위험도가 높다. 현재는 캡슐 내시경으로 검사를 수행하고 있으며, 검사 시간이 매우 긴 편이다. 의사는 제거된 저장장치를 컴퓨터에 연결해 환자의 캡슐 내시경 영상을 저장 후 프로그램을 사용하여 판독하지만, 캡슐 내시경 검사 결과 영상 길이가 길어 판독 시간이 많이 소요된다. 또한 소장의 경우 융모에 의해 많은 굴곡이 존재해 검사 과정에서 영상의 폐색 영역이나 명암이 뚜렷이 나타나게 되어 검사 시 병변 및 이상징후에 관해 놓치는 경우가 발생할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 의사의 영상 판독 시간 단축과 진단 신뢰도 향상을 위해 인공신경망을 이용한 소장 캡슐 내시경 병변 검사 보조 방법을 제공한다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2000

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of MR imaging for diseases of the small intestine, emphasizing a comparison with CT. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four patients who underwent both CT and MR imaging using FLASH 2D and HASTE sequences were analyzed. All patients had various small bowel diseases with variable association of peritoneal lesions. We compared the detectabilities of CT and MR imaging using different MR pulse sequences. The capability for analyzing the characteristics of small intestinal disease was also compared. Results: MR imaging was nearly equal to CT for detecting intraluminal or peritoneal masses, lesions in the bowel and mesentery, and small bowel obstruction, but was definitely inferior for detecting omental lesions. The most successful MR imaging sequence was HASTE for demonstrating bowel wall thickening, coronal FLASH 2D for mesenteric lesions, and axial FLASH 2D for omental lesions. MR imaging yielded greater information than CT in six of 12 inflammatory bowel diseases, while it was equal to CT in six of seven neoplasms and inferior in five of seven mesenteric ischemia. In determining the primary causes of 15 intestinal obstructions, MR imaging was correct in 11 (73%) and CT in nine (60%) patients. Conclusion: MR imaging can serve as an alternative diagnostic tool for patients with suspected inflammatory bowel disease, small intestinal neoplasm or obstruction.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2020

From 2006 to 2009, 50 pigs suspected of enteritis associated with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) (EAPC) were collected. Gross and histopathologic examinations and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed on the small intestine of 50 pigs. The pigs with EAPC were concentrated in grower pigs (68%), and diarrhea (84%) was the most common clinical sign. Grossly, the walls of the small intestine were thickened, and mesenteric lymph nodes were enlarged. The histopathologic features in the small intestine with EAPC were characterized by lymphoid depletion, histiocytic infiltration, and formation of basophilic grape-like inclusion bodies and multinucleated giant cells in gut-associated lymphatic tissue (GALT) and lamina propria. According to IHC, PCV-2 antigens were more intense and distributed widely in GALT (98%) than lamina propria (82%) of the small intestine. Co-infection with other enteric pathogens was detected in 26 pigs (52%). Twenty-four pigs (48%) were confirmed to be a PCV-2 single infection. Collectively, infected PCV-2 in the small intestine may induce an immunosuppressive status of individuals and then allow secondary co-infections in the digestive system. This study shows that PCV-2 can induce diarrhea and enteric lesions in pigs without a co-infection of other enteric pathogens.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2002

The case reports for clostridium type A enterotoxemia in Formosan deer have rarely been reported. This paper describes a natural case of type A enterotoxemia in farmed Formosan deer in Cheongwon-gun. A dead, male 10-month-old Formosan deer was submitted to Chungbuk Livestock and Veterinary Research Institute, March 24, 2001 and examined. That deer was fed with assorted grain feed, oak leaves, acorn and bean curd. Grossly there was no visible external change. Despite of the carcass being examined within 12 hours of death, there was a quite degree of posonortem decomposition. There was severe hemorrhage in the serosa of abomasum and small intestine. Much blood tinged and watery contents were contained in those organs. Also there were severe swelling of spleen, some red foci in hepatic parenchyma. Microscopically there were severe congestion and hemorrhage in mucosa submucosa, muscular layer, and serosa of abomasum and small intestine. Also spleen and pancreas showed severe Congestion and hemorrhage. There were multifocal hemorrhage with hepatic necrosis in periportal area and focal mononuclear cell deposition in sinusoid. In bacterial culture for small intestine, Cl perfringens was isolated. By toxin typing for the strain, that had $\alpha$ -toxin belonged to type A. In electronmicroscopy for feces, no vims particle was detected. Considering clinical signs, gross lesions, microscopic lesions, bacterial culture, and toxin typing of the isolate, this case was diagnosed as enterotoxemia by Cl perfringens type A.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.18.1-18.4
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• 2021

The small intestines of two rallid aquatic birds (Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758 and Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Bahr Al-Najaf depression, southwest of Al-Najaf city, mid-Iraq), were infected with the nematode Amidostomum acutum Seurat, 1918 with a prevalence of 25% and 50%, respectively, and a mean intensity of 24.5 and 30, respectively. The infected birds showed several gross pathological and microscopic lesions in their small intestines due to the infection with this nematode. The gross lesions included hypertrophy in the anterior part of the duodenum and small rough nodules on the small intestine wall. Microscopic lesions included necrosis and shortening of villi with their fullness with inflammatory cells, degeneration of villi, and an increased number of acini at the base of the intestinal villi.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.310-313
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• 2008

C. perfringens is the most important enteric clostridial pathogen of animals. C. perfringens type A has been associated with hemorrhagic enteritis in a wide lange of domestic and wild mammals. But all types of C. perfringens can be normal inhabitants of the intestine of most mammals. We have a special case that showed C. perfringens type A infection in a hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) cub at Seoul Grand Park Zoo. Male, hippopotamus cub died in 3 days after birth. Clinical features of the hippopotamus cub have showed lethargy and anorexia before death. Gross post-mortem findings of the hippopotamus were hemorrhagic enteritis of intestine. Histopathologically, ruminant stomach and intestine showed hemorrhagic lesions and the lumen of the small intestine was filled with mucoid and hemorrhagic fluid. Also, intestine and stomach of hippopotamus were distended with gas and hemorrhagic fluid. C. perfringens was isolated in culture of small intestine and the presence of C. perfringens type A was confirmed by PCR. This case indicated that C. perfringens type A could be considered as a virulence factor responsible for causing death of a newborn hippopotamus.