• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.50-60
• /
• 1976

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 섬회양목의 적합(適合)한 개발법(開發法)을 구명(究明)하기 위(爲)하여 1975년도(年度)에 전남도(全南道) 완도군(莞島郡) 보길도(甫吉島)의 천연군락지((天然群落地)를 대상(對象)으로 생태(生態) 및 형태(形態)와 특성(特性)을 조사(調査) 분석(分析)하여 다음과 같이 종합(綜合)되는 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 섬회양목의 천연군락((天然群落)은 한국(韓國)의 남부(南部) 도서(島嶼)인 보길도(甫吉島), 진도(珍島), 소흑산도(小黑山島)에 분포(分布)되고 있다. 2. 산성토양(酸性土壤)에 적응성(適應性)이 있다. 3. 동백나무, 섬회양목, 그늘사초의 3계층(階層)으로 조성(組成)된 군집식생(群集植生)이다. 4. 내음성(耐陰性)이 있는 난대(暖帶) 고유(固有)의 상록활엽엽관목(常綠濶葉灌木)이다. 5. 엽(葉), 과실(果實), 종자(種子)는 회양목에 비(比)하여 대형(大形)이다. 6. 종자(種子)의 결실(結實) 및 발아력(發芽力)이 양호(良好)하여 실생번식(實生繁殖)이 용이(容易)하다. 7. 채종(採種) 적기(適期)는 7월중순(月中旬)이며 파종적기(播種適期)는 8월중순(月中旬)이다. 8. 발아시(發芽時) 상해(霜害)를 받으므로 나지(裸地) 발생(發生)이 어렵다. 9. 연(年) 평균(平均) 높이 8~10cm, 부피 1.5mm의 완만(緩慢)한 생장(生長)을 하고 지엽(枝葉)이 치밀(緻密)하여 아름답다. 10. 조경수(造景樹), 조각재(彫刻材), 공예재(工藝材), 밀원식물등(蜜源植物等)의 자원(資源)으로 개발(開發)이 가능(可能)하다.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2017

Introduction: To analyze the impact of marketing losses on efficiency in transacting banana in Kurnool district of SRZ in Andhra Pradesh and to assess the opinions of the farmers on the constraints in transacting banana. Research back ground, Materials and Methods: The study relies exclusively on primary information obtained from the banana farmers of Kurnool District. Purposive sampling procedure was followed for the selection of the study area. Top two mandals in the district and top two villages in each mandal are selected in accordance with the area under cultivation of banana. Probability proportion to size was followed regarding the selection of sample farmers and accordingly 60 marginal, 37 small and 23 other farmers were selected and thereby, the total sample size was 120. Result and Discussion: Three marketing channels were identified in the marketing of banana in Kurnool district viz., Producer ${\rightarrow}$ Local-exporter ${\rightarrow}$ Wholesaler ${\rightarrow}$ Retailer ${\rightarrow}$ Consumer (Channel-I), Producer ${\rightarrow}$ Wholesaler ${\rightarrow}$ Cart-vendor ${\rightarrow}$ Consumer (Channel-II) and Producer ${\rightarrow}$ Juice-holder ${\rightarrow}$ Consumer (Channel-III). With the inclusion of marketing losses in the price spread analysis of banana in all the three channels, the marketing costs of all the intermediaries were increased and thereby, the farmer's share in consumer's rupee and Net Marketing Margins of the agencies are on the decline. So, without inclusion of marketing losses, the farmer's share in consumer's rupee and Net Marketing Margins of all the agencies are overvalued. The higher the marketing losses, the more is the negative impact on farmer's net selling price, net marketing margins of the intermediaries and marketing efficiency. The sample farmers are facing major problems in marketing of banana like frequent price fluctuations, unorganized marketing and lack of transportation facilities on priority basis. Suggestions: It is suggested to educate the farmers regarding the optimum maturity index for harvest, use of mechanical harvesters, proper placement of fruits during storage and ripening, better packaging and cushioning technologies to absorb shocks during transportation, strengthening of storage facilities and transport facilities, encourage co-operative marketing etc., to promote marketing efficiency of banana in the study area.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제43권5호
• /
• pp.637-643
• /
• 2010

석회고토 및 패화석비료를 대체할 수 있는 토양개량제로 활용가치가 높은 굴껍질을 사과 '감홍' 재배 과수원에 시용하여 고두병 발생에 미치는 효과를 검토하였다. 석회고토와 굴껍질을 처리한구는 무처리구에 비해 표토와 심토의 토양 pH와 치환성 칼슘 함량이 증가된 반면, 치환성 나트륨 함량은 차이가 없었다. 사과의 고두병 발생비율은 무처리구가 10.4%로 가장 높았고 굴껍질 4 Mg$ha^{-1}$ 이상 처리할 경우 3.7% 이하로 유의적인 감소를 보였으며 석회고토 처리구는 8.9%로 무처리구와 비슷한 수준이었다. 굴껍질 시용량과 수확기 표토 및 심토의 pH와 치환성 칼슘 함량은 고두병 발병비율과 고도로 유의적인 부의상관을 보였다. 고두병 발병비율을 경감시킬 수 있는 굴껍질 시용량은 4 Mg $ha^{-1}$ 이지만 시험 후 토양의 치환성 칼슘 함량, pH 및 과실중량, 수량 등을 감안할 때 최적의 굴껍질 시용량은 2 Mg $ha^{-1}$로서 석회소요량과 같았다.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.552-560
• /
• 2010

$GA_{4+7}$+BA는 유목의 측지 발생 및 과실비대를 목표로 사용되는 생장조절제로써 본 실험에서는 밀식 과수원의 '갈라' 사과품종을 공시하여 4년 동안 여러 가지 살포방법을 이용하여 과실비대 및 영양생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. $GA_{4+7}$+BA 처리시 과실 종경, 과중, L/D율은 증가되나 가용성 고형물 함량 및 산 함량, 엽면적, 엽록소함량 등은 변화가 일정하지 않았다. 과실 내 종자 수는 처리에 따른 차이가 없었으나 미발육 종자의 수가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 고농도 수관전체 살포는 신초생장을 증가시켰으나 착과 부위에만 살포시에는 영향이 없었다. 살포시기에 있어서는 과실 세포분열이 끝나는 시점인 5월말에서 6월초에 살포하는 것이 과실비대에 가장 효과적이었다. 그러나 고농도 $GA_{4+7}$+BA처리는 과실의 경도를 감소시켜 과실의 저장성을 떨어뜨리기 때문에 '갈라' 같은 소과종에 있어 고농도의 $GA_{4+7}$+BA 살포는 주의가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.11-23
• /
• 1978

This study is based on data from the nutritional and clinical survey in Chung Nam area, namely Myl-Yang-Ri, Yoon-Gok-Myon, Chyung Yang Koon. Under the direction of two Nutrition professors and two clinical pathology professors it was carried by 35 Dae Jeun medical Junior College students majoring in nutrition and clinical pathology from 18 July to 25 July 1978. The nutrition surveys were carried out with subjects in village from a total 67 households, 36 of them were randomly selected. The clinical surveys were carried out with subjects in village from a total 382 inhabitant, 154 inhabitant were randomly selected and 109 peoples were subjected to stool examination. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows. 1) Nutritional survey a) Food Intake The average food intake per person per day in survey area was 929.9 grams (95.5% in vegetables and 4.5% in animal foods). The average consumption of the basicfood groups per person per day was 965g for meats and legumes (10.4% of the total food in take). 268.9g for fruits and vegetables (29% of the total food intake), 559.1g for cereals and potatoes(60.1% of the total food intake), 5.2g for milk and small fishes and 0.2g for fats and oils. b) Nutrient Intake The average daily consumption of calories and nutrients was 2054.1 kcal and 61.2g for total proteins, 223.2mg for calcium, 9.5mg for iron, 4914.4 IU for vitamin A, 1.5mg for thiamin, 1.2mg for riboflavin, 19.9mg for niacin and 54.7mg for ascorbic acid. When these figures are compared with the recommended allowances for Korean, the calories and nutrients intakes were insufficient. Especially the intakes of the calcium were lower than the recommended allowance which are 500 milligrams per day. c) Kinds of food stuffs consumed The kinds of food stuffs consumed by the subjects were 47 figures total. Generally these kinds of food were vegetables food. 2) Clinical Survey a) The mean value of hemoglobin from 72 males was 13.2g/dl, that of 82 females was 12.3g/dl. b) The proportion of low hemoglobin (<12.2g/dl for male and <11.3g/dl fo female) for male was 20.8%, females was 11.0% and from 24 male & female (both sexes) were 15.6% c) The mean value of Hematocrit of males was 39.6%, that of females was 37.4%. d) The mean value of MCHC of males was 33.9%, that of females was 33.6%. e) The ABO blood group was distributed as following; 30.5%, for group O, 29.2% for group A, 24.0% for group B, and 16.3% for AB group. Biochemical race index was 1.13. f) The over all prevalence rate of heminthic infectious by rate of each helminth was as following; Ascaris lumbricoides 33.9%, Thrichocephalus trichiurus 11.9%, Hookworm 0.9%, Hymenolepis diminuta 0.9%, Trichostromgylus orientalis 0.9% and the prevalence rate of two more helminthic infection was 7.2%.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 2014

Purpose - The Korean government has revised the distribution industry development law to regulate large-scale retailer operations to protecting medium- and small-scale retailers and traditional markets. According to the revised law, large-scale retailers must follow regulations on operating hours and compulsory store closures two days per month. Based on the revised distribution industry development law, most local governments regulate operation hours and they have adopted compulsory closure programs for large-scale retail stores. However, it is argued that fresh food producers suffer from a decrease in sales based on the compulsory closure of stores operated by large-scale retailers. Large-scale retailers reduce their fresh food orders from agricultural and fishery producers because of the compulsory store closures. Fresh food producers also suffer from a decrease in prices because reduced orders lead to a decrease in auction prices based on the availability of excess goods in wholesale markets. This paper investigates the effects of operation regulations for large-scale retailers on agricultural producers by surveying agricultural and fishery producer organizations. Research design, data, methodology - A survey was conducted on 117 producer organizations of fruits and vegetables, cereals, fisheries, and livestock products from September 10 to October 4, 2012. Survey items are annual sales, shares of sales accounted for by large-scale retailers, reduction of orders and prices from large-scale retailers, methods to deal with the sales reduction, unfair trade practices of large-scale retailers, opinion of the large-scale retailer regulations, and so on. The average sales of the sampled producer organizations are 13.7 billion won and the average share of sales accounted for by large-scale retailers is 35.4%. Results - Survey results show that the sample producer organizations' sales decreased 10.1% because of the compulsory closures of stores operated by large-scale retailers. It is estimated that the total sales of producer organizations decreased 371.2 billion won because of the regulations on the operation of large-scale retailers. In addition to the direct effect of a sales decrease due to order reduction, agricultural and fishery producer organizations suffered from the secondary effect of price reduction in wholesale markets. When orders from large-scale retailers decreased, most agricultural and fishery producer organizations shipped redundant products to wholesale markets, decreasing auction prices. It was estimated that the price received decreased 21.9% when sold in other marketing channels. As producer organization sales decreased, it was reported that the labor force employed by producer organizations also decreased by 15.1%. Therefore, we can conclude that the regulations for large-scale retailer operations resulted in negative impacts on agricultural producers. Conclusions - Although the sales reduction due to the regulations for large-scale retailer operations are not great, the cumulative effects due to the continued compulsory closure of stores operated by large-scale retailers could be great. This paper suggests governmental programs that could help agricultural producer organizations to find new and effective marketing channels such as direct marketing, farmers' markets, exports, Internet shopping, and so on.

• 식물분류학회지
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.431-446
• /
• 2007

섬자리공(Phytolacca insularis Nakai)의 분류학적 위치를 재검토하기 위해 외부형태와 종자 및 화분의 형태를 관찰하고 ITS 염기서열을 조사하였다. 섬자리공은 곧게 서는 줄기와 화서, 이생심피, 8개의 수술과 암술, 분홍색의 약을 가져 자리공과 유사성을 가졌으나, 합생심피와 l0개의 수술과 암술을 가진 미국자리공과는 뚜렷이 구별되었다. 섬자리공의 화분은 유공의 크기가 작고 유공의 수와 미세미립돌기의 수가 적어 자리공과 유사성을 보였으나, 미국자리공은 유공의 크기가 크고 그 수가 많았다. 섬자리공과 자리공의 종자무늬는 불규칙한 굴곡무늬로 서로 비슷했으나, 망상무늬를 갖는 미국자리공과 뚜렷이 구별되었다. ITS 염기서열은 섬자리공이 자리공과 완전히 같았으나, 미국자리공과는 뚜렷이 구별되었다. 본 연구결과는 섬자리공을 별개의 종으로 취급하는 것보다는 자리공의 품종으로 격하하는 것이 타당함을 지지해 주었다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.77-82
• /
• 2003

본 실험은 토마토 양액재배에서 펄라이트 배지를 순환식 재배방법에 적용하고자 수행되었다. 펄라이트 배지의 입자를 소립(ø1∼2mm 미만), 중립(ø2∼3mm), 대립(ø4∼5 mm)으로 분리하여 양액공급량에 따른 토마토의 생육을 검토한 결과는 아래와 같다. 제 3화방 개화(초기생육)시 초장은 중립과 대립에서는 양액공급량이 많을수록 길었으나 소립에서는 양액공급량에 관계없이 길어 초기에 생육관리는 대립일수록 1일 양액공급량이 많아야 할 것으로 생각되었다. 그러나 제 3화방 개화기 이후는 소립에서는 주당 1일 공급량을 1.5L로, 그리고 중립과 대립에서는 주당 1일 3.0L로 관리하는 것이 착과수가 많고 수량이 높았다 기형과율은 펄라이트 입자의 크기에 관계없이 양액공급량이 많을수록 적었다. 근활력은 정식 후 50일까지는 입자크기 및 양액공급량에 관계없이 증가하였으나, 50일 이후부터는 감소하기 시작하여 정식 후 100일에는 소립에서는 양액공급량이 많을수록, 그리고 중립과 대립에서는 양액공급량이 적을수록 감소하는 경향이 컸다. 소립에서는 앙액공급량이 증가할수록 모든 무기성분함량이 감소하는 경향이었으나 중립과 대립에서는 증가하는 경향이었다 N. K. Ca및 Mg의 함량은 소립에서는 양액공급량이 1일 3.0L/주 처리구에서 가장 적었으나 대립과 중립에서는 1일 3.0L/주 처리구에서 가장 많았다. 이상의 결과에서 토마토 순환식 양액재배시 펄라이트 입자는 중립과 대립의 사용이 유리하고 양액공급량은 주당 1일 3.0L 관리하는 것이 유리하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.143-150
• /
• 2007

A new virus-like disease of tomato showing chlorotic spots, malformation and necrosis on leaves, and chlorotic blotching, rings, and necrosis on fruits was observed around Sacheon, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea in 2004. Host range analysis could not differentiate 4 field isolates collected from tomatoes showing different symptoms but identified them as Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV). TBSV-tsf2 isolate induced symptoms in indicator plants similar to those caused by the TBSV-C, -S and -Nf. As the isolate could not systemically infect Chenopodium quinoa, the isolate might belong to the previously described TBSV-S isolate. TBSV-tsf2 isolate caused similar cytological alterations that were similar to that generally caused by previously reported TBSV isolates. TBSV-tsf2 isolate, however, could be considered to belong to new strain of TBSV because masses of small electron-dense patches that were not observed from the previously described TBSV. The complete nucleotide sequences of the genomic RNA of 4739 nt excluding non-translated sequences at both termini have been determined and compared to sequences of other TBSV strains. The complete nucleotide sequence identity among TBSV isolates was 98.9% to 99.7%, and to the other tombusviruses ranged from 80.8% to 94.9%. Comparison of the amino acid sequences all five ORFs with those of other TBSV strains shows a similar genomic organization, and high percentage of amino acid sequence homology with TBSV-Nf than TBSV-S isolate. Since the TBSV symptoms were only observed in Sacheon fields where imported seeds from Japan were planted, the TBSV incidence probably caused by the planting contaminated tomato seeds and thus require more through quarantine procedure to prevent settlement of TBSV in Korea. Altogether, these results support that the Korean isolate of TBSV infecting tomato might be new strain.

• 한국지역지리학회지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.113-131
• /
• 1996

본 논문은 최근에 대도시에 출현한 새로운 정기시장인 도사 요일장의 형성원인, 시장이용자(상인과 소비자)의 속성과 이용행태, 그리고 시장의 기능 등을 밝히기 위하여, 대구시에 개설되고 있는 4곳의 요일장(성서월요장, 칠곡수요장, 시지목요장, 칠곡금요장)을 대상으로 양적이고 질적인 분석을 하였다. 대구의 도시 요일장은 칠곡농협의 금요장에서 본래 기원하였으나, 그것이 본격적으로 형성되고 다른 장소로 확산 발전된 것은 생계를 목적으로 소자본으로 장사하려는 상인(이동상인)들이 중합시장이 없는 신개발 아파트 주거지역에 요즘의 생활리듬(1주일 주기)에 맞는 정기시장을 개설하려고 노력하였기 때문인 것으로 해석된다. 요일장음 이용하는 상인과 소비자의 계속성과 이용행태를 분석 논의하고, 이를 기초로 요일장의 시장기능을 파악해 본 결과, 요일장은 수직적 교환기능이 강하고, 상업기회와 영세민에게 생계유지기능을 제공하며, 농민의 소득중대에 기여하고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 인근주민(소비자)들에게 종합식품 시장으로서 중요한 기능도 수행하고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다.