• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.179-189
• /
• 2001

This study was performed to identify the current status of work environment management and to provide appropriate recommendations for small scale industry with less than 5 workers from September, 2000 to October, 2000 in Seoul city and Gyoung-gi province. The 211 companies were surveyed by checklist included the elements of management of work environment, hazardous chemicals, MSDS, personal protective equipment, and ventilation system. The proportion of metal products manufacturing and printing industries are 25.6 % and 22.3%, respectively. The daily working hours in printing industry is longer than others. The industries that produce potentially hazardous agents, such as noise, dust, metal, organic solvents, radiation and chemical material are pulp, plating, machinery, and printing, respectively. In above industries, only 2.8 % of those recognised and had MSDS. The proportion of companies providing fire extinguishers, safety showers are found to be 13.3 %, 7.1 %, respectively. Only 24.2 % of companies provided personal protective equipment to the workers. The ventilation system was operated in most of companies. But local exhaust ventilation system is provided to 22.3 % of those, also had not been annually inspected. This study showed that the current status of occupational safety and health was not appropriate for workers in small scale industries. It is suggested that annual physical examination have to be performed, MSDS usage must become widespread, and employer and emplyees in small scale industry should be educated for the treatment and storage of hazardous chemicals to improve the occupational safety and health of the working environment. also, regulatory standard has to be applied to local exhaust ventilation system in small scale industry to improve the working condition.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.12-26
• /
• 1998

The occupational health problems are the major issue in the modern industrial society. Especially the small scale industries have many hazardous factors and not any occupational health programs in itself. Fortunately. the government-funded subsidiary program was developed and carried out in the past six years in our country. The purposes of this study were to find out the actual condition of the occupational health personnel's accomplishments for the government-funded subsidiary program for small scale industries and to provide basic data for setting up more developed subsidiary occupational health program. Data were collected through 6 kinds of service records review. These service records were written by 3 occupational health personnels were attached to the one subject center of KIHA. were undertaken during March to December, 1997. at 95 small scale industries which were applied the government-funded subsidiary occupational health program. Results were as follows 1. Concerning 95 small scale industries showed characteristics of a typical small scale industry. 2. A doctor visited in industries total 190 times per year, average 19 industries per month, twice per year and industry. A hygienist visited in industries total 378 times per year, average 38 industries per month, four times per year and industry. A nurse visited in industries total 477 times per year. average 47 industries per month, 5 times per year and industry. 3. 3 occupational health personnels accomplished total 3,869 items. A doctor accomplished total 539 items per year, each time 3 items In an industry. A hygienist accomplished total 1.581 items per year, each time 4 items in an industry. A nurse accomplished total 1.749 items per year, each time 4 items in an industry. 4. The major contents of doctor's accomplishment were 'health consultation for suspicious worker with general & occupational disease', 'a check of the workplace & special health education', 'guidance of special medical examination in the second half of year', etc. The major contents of hygienist's accomplishment were 'pretest & guidance of planning for evaluation of working environment'. 'evaluation for ventilating facilities & suporting self inspection', 'guidance of MSDS recording & chemicals management', etc. The major contents of nurse's accamplishment were 'health counseling of general & special medical examination results'. 'health education of preventing occupational disease & health disorder'. 'guidance of subsidiary program planning', 'selecting & guidance of health monitor', etc. It was concluded that the occupaional health personnels implemented the subsidiary program according to the order of health management guide. The current health management guide of subsidiary occupational health program in which the fixed contents, visiting number & periods is not desirable. That guide is left the characteristics of small scale industries out of consideration. It is suggested that occupational health management guide should be developed according to the general & environmental characteristics of each small scale industry, and on the other hand, the more specific guide for each occupational health personnel should be developed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.95-102
• /
• 2014

The number of industrial accident victims in the construction industry accounts for 1/3 of those in the entire industries and about 30% of the total compensation costs are spent in the construction industry. As such, the construction industry is a typical industry causing numerous safety accidents. This study analyzes the status of industrial accidents in small scale construction sites to build maximum five-story buildings by examining statistical data for the past five years, investigating those construction sites and conducting interviews with the workers. This study also seeks the causes of and measures for industrial accidents in the small scale construction industry through comparison with relevant systems. The findings are as follows: (1) To reduce hazard rate, shaping the working environment and safety measures that take into account the physically weak classes of the middle aged and the aging are urgently required, because 62.9% of the industrial accidents in the construction industry occurred to those who are 50 years of age or older. (2) The hazard rate at small scale construction sites with less than 10 construction workers accounts for 55% of that of the entire industries. The government, in this context, needs to support finance or technology and improve system by selecting the small scale construction sites, where industrial accidents occur frequently. (3) Because the hazard rate of unskilled workers with less than 6 months of work experience accounts for 90.95% of the total, safety education needs to be concentrated on those unskilled workers. (4) The relevant standards need to be segmented and revised and bolstered, given that 64.79% of death disaster in the construction industry occurs in the temporary structures including scaffolds and ladders.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.91-107
• /
• 2002

In order to evaluate the factors related to therapeutic compliance of hypertensive patients in small and medium scale industry, the questionnaire survey and the blood pressure measurement were performed on 138 hypertensive patients who were reported to have C or $D_2$ result of hypertension at the workers' periodic health examination from March to November 2001. The contents of questionnaire included the informations of factors related to therapeutic compliance of hypertensive patients such as, age, sex, marital status, income, education levels, scale, occupation, work duration, smoking and drinking habits, exercise, family history, stress and A type personality, employer's concern, organizational culture, health status, awareness, knowledge and attitude toward the needs of hypertension treatment, and experience of health education. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The proportion of those who were compliant to the treatment of hypertension was 41.3% of subjects. Among small scale industry less than 50 employees, the rate of therapeutic compliance group was 27.5% and therapeutic noncompliance group was 72.5%. Among medium scale industry more than 50 employees, the rate of therapeutic compliance group was 60.3% and therapeutic noncompliance group was 39.7%. 2. Among therapeutic noncompliance group, 95.1% of patients were aware of the fact that workers have hypertension, and 77.8% of patients got 6-10 marks of hypertension related knowledge. For health education, 27.2% were experienced and 34.6% said no intention to participate. And for hypertension treatment, 9.9% said no need to get the treatment and 44.4% said have no idea whether get treatment or not. 3. The significant factors related to therapeutic compliance of hypertensive patients in small scale industry were work duration, A type personality(anger), health status, attitude toward the needs of hypertension treatment, and experience of health education. 4. The significant factors related to therapeutic compliance of hypertensive patients in medium scale industry were age, occupation, subjective symptom, attitude toward the needs of hypertension treatment, and experience of health education. In consideration of above findings, it was suggested that in order to improve the therapeutic compliance in small and medium scale industry hypertensives, it be necessary to change attitude, perception, knowledge and treatment of hypertension by various methods such as effective health education and individually consulting programs by occupational health professional.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.89-97
• /
• 2013

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to systematically review the background of the Korean distribution promotion policy and distribution adjustment policies along with related regulations and policies. Research design, data, and methodology - Domestic distribution policy and relevant laws were examined through a review of existing research literature. The results of the development process of the domestic distribution policy, promotion policies, and adjustment policies are summarized below. Results - The results are summarized as follows. First, the purpose of the development of the domestic distribution promotion policy was to strengthen the competitiveness of the small and medium business industry through structural advancement of the small and medium industry. By expanding the managerial base for the small and medium industry, a new balance could be created in the national economy. There was a requirement for an early assistance policy for small and medium businesses as a base of these businesses in the distribution industry developed from their original model of catering to a traditional market of retail shops. Since 1996, there was a need for this early assistance policy due to the expansion and rapid growth of large scale stores causing a change in the consumption pattern for distribution markets and the decline of large enterprises. Second, the government supports small and medium business distribution through distribution promotion policies by supporting an organization promoting small business and supporting innovation in the distribution system. Third, in 1961 a business mediation system was established to protect small and medium industries. The Small and Medium Business Administration advises conglomerates to postpone acquisitions, restrain expansion of the business, or to reduce business scale if small businesses undergo an adverse effect such as decreasing demand because large companies are expanding into their areas. Fourth, the Distribution Adjustment Policy managed large-scale store regulation as follows: ① limitation on construction by urban planning ordinance, ② limitation on location based on traffic impact assessments, ③ regulation based on business guidelines by chiefs of autonomous bodies, ④ regulation on mandatory holidays and limitation of business hours. This large-scale store regulation is a policy introduced by authority to increase competitiveness of small and medium business distribution by the government. Conclusions - As discussed in this study, the distribution promotion policy and distribution adjustment policy are government distribution policies focused on the protection of the small and medium distribution businesses. This study is timely, since it was planned when the strengthening of the revisions of the Distribution Industry Development Act, aimed to protect small and medium retailers and merchants, was under discussion. The significance of this study is that it offers insights for the development of new policies in the future and an opportunity to consider the background of the distribution policy by the government.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.47-57
• /
• 2009

Computing environments are being more and more various due to the development of technologies. While existing computing environments used for fixed locations or particular purposes by requesting big scale monitors or complicate calculation performance, recent computing environments are used for a variety of locations and for a diversity of purposes by using various devices. Because of the needs, digital device convergence, which emphases portability and mobility, came out. However, almost researches for user interface are performed for big scale monitors or complicate calculation performance until now. By the reason, user interface on each small device is different from others, or is not appropriate for the purpose of small device. Therefore, this research is to design Zoomable User Interface (ZUI) that adapts for small devices by adding the existing user interface on small devices and haptic technologies, and to implement a user interface for PDA devices.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 1981

In Korea small - medium companies constitute 96.6% of all of the mining and manufacturing industries, about 35.2% of the total production of value added business, an average of 35% of the actual export of industrial goods，and 47.7% of employment at the end of 1979. Now then small - medium industry companies organization style constitutes 82.1% of private companies and 82.7% of the total on an small scale under 50 persons in regular empolyees. Small - medium industry Companies have growing problems and bottle-necks in their physical conditions. Total Quality Control is contributed by small - medium industry company for more growth than present conditions. But now, Small - medium industry company do not use systematic application of Quality Control Method, the small - medium business compay products quality is not better as compared with big business Company. Specially, TQC is needed for Small - medium company for imperishable enlargement.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.49-60
• /
• 1982

In Korea small-medium companies constitute 96.7% of all of the mining and manufacturing industries, about 34.2% of the total production of value added business, an average of 34.8% of #he actual export of industrial goods, and 49.4% of employment at the end of 1980. Now then small-medium industry companies organization style constitutes 82.1% of private companies and 82.7% of the total on an small scale under 49 persons in regular empolyees. Small-medium industry Companies have growing problems and bottle-necks in their physical conditions. Total Quality Control is contributed by small-medium industry company for more growth than present conditions. But now, Small-medium industry company do not use systematic application of Quality Control Method, the small-medium business company products quality is not better as compared with big business company. Specially, TQC is needed for Small-medium company for imperishable enlargement . In order to promote good will and the major stress of this paper is first of all on the problems of Quality Control, which covers the present states and derived problems of Quality Control, ill Korea Small-medium industry Companies. These are investigated and analyzed to insure the rational application of Quality Control to the Small-medium companies with a view of the establishment of the direction and systematic improving means of Quality Control application Model building for Korea Small-medium industry.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.964-973
• /
• 2004

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the major factors affecting performance in health promoting behaviors in women workers at small-scale industries. Method: This study was based on the Pender's Health Promotion Model. The subjects for this study were 251 women workers at 23 small-scale industries in Busan city. The data for this study was collected from July 15th to August 15th 2003 by structured questionaries, and were analyzed with ANOVA, t-test, Pearson' correlation coefficient, and multiple Regression in the SPSS/WIN 10.0. Result: The mean performance of the health promoting behavior was 2.56. The factors related to the performance of the health promoting behaviors were social support, marital status, status of owning a house, perceived barriers to action, working time, and self-efficacy, and they explained 58.4% of the variance of the health promoting behaviors. Conclusion: The mean performance of the health promoting behavior seemed to be low, and the most important variable related to health promoting behaviorsof women working at a small-scale industry was social support. Therefore, intervention programs to increase the social support for women worker need to be developed.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.22-33
• /
• 2018

The aim of the research study is to carve sustainable business strategies for the fashion communities in Ethiopia and Ukraine which are suffering today due to ever-increasing share of fast fashion consumerism. Fashion houses and international brands propagandize sustainability and consumption for better consumer base, where as originally sustainable local-based craftsmen still stay in the shade. Four communities/local designers are selected from the countries through the method of purposive sampling. Qualitative analysis is the basis of the research as we performed personal interviews and in-depth analysis of the communities to diagnose the problems and subsequently devise the solutions. In this research, we have studied and analyzed the problems faced by hereditary communities and ethnic designers in small and medium scale enterprise sector from two emerging economies. After the grounding the difficulties faced we advised strategies for sustainable future growth to the companies. The current academic literature on small and medium scale enterprises highlights the problems and solutions for general industry sectors. This paper brings attention to fashion communities and designers who promote national heritage and are struggling to survive in emerging economies due to industrialization and globalization. Moreover the comparison of the two geographies is unique in nature.