• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.607-641
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• 2017

Recently, there has been an increase in government-wide demand for technological cooperation between government funded research institutes (GFRIs) and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), while there remain a tension between positive and negative views regarding the support given by GFRIs to encourage the technological innovation of SMEs. Although preceding studies have found that the support given by GFRIs to SMEs tends to have the effect of enhancing the technological innovation outcomes of SMEs, this study examines the question of why the agent that provides technological cooperation to SMEs should be limited to GFRIs. To answer this question, in this study, we first examined the qualitative changes in the external technological cooperation behavior of SMEs over time, from 2007 to 2014. Next, we performed cluster analysis to examine whether there were distinctive characteristics of SMEs that engage in technological cooperation with GFRIs, compared to the various other alternatives available as technological cooperation partners for SMEs. Lastly, to help us identify the characteristics of the companies that technologically cooperate with GFRIs and to facilitate the administrative or practical effort to find companies that would be strong candidates for technological cooperation with GFRIs, we used discriminant analysis to define a discriminant formula for such companies likely to engage in technological cooperation. The results of this study were as follows. First, GFRIs were the most competitive -- as demonstrated by the highest level of satisfaction, etc. - compared to the other alternatives for external technological cooperation available to SMEs. This confirmed the necessity for GFRIs to provide technological cooperation to SMEs. Secondly, the issue of whether the small and medium-sized enterprise had engaged in technological cooperation specifically with GFRIs was found not to be a very significant factor in distinguishing these companies. It was found, however, that SMEs engaged in technological cooperation were distinctive, regardless of the type of institution involved in the technological cooperation. Thirdly, SMEs that were in technological cooperation with GFRIs had the characteristics of being already active in joint research and already familiar with utilizing the systems available for governmental support. The findings of this study offers various insights relevant to establishing national R&D strategies using GFRIs and improving the efficiency of policies and administrative practices intended to help GFRIs assist SMEs.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.77-90
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• 2016

This study is to examine the importance of site selection and service quality in franchise business as food service franchise became one of the fastest-growing service industries today. The chief finding of this study is as follows: First, a survey in locational and service quality factors affecting food service franchise shows that responders are more concerned with hygiene and visibility of the store than proximity and transportation advantages which reflects low statistical significance, thus the distance did not seem to be a big problem for the responders in the context that they mostly visit nearby food franchise. Second, the examination of the influence by the service quality factors and customer satisfaction shows significant positive relation with customer response, speed and accuracy, and accuracy factors which reveals that the responders prefer prompt response and swift judgment toward the customer's needs and expectations, professional knowledge services to the credibility factors in which little correlation with the customer satisfaction were found. Third, the examination of the influence by the service quality factors, locational factors, and re-visit reveals that customer response and specialty showed statistically significant correlation with intention of WOM (Word of Mouth) and revisit, which suggests that swift judgment and response toward the customer's needs and expectations, professional knowledge services is of great importance to both customer satisfaction and revisit. The study on the aspects of locational and service quality factors affecting franchise industry's customer satisfaction was conducted as above, an investigation in both factors' influence on the customer satisfaction was made, and based on the results of the analysis, this research seeks an optimal operation strategy of a franchise business. Food service franchise are relatively very competent to business adminstration and reaction capability to consumption changes due to the already established market, and there are stores springing up everywhere inspired by the founders who are too confident of their success in the franchise business. However, it is necessary for the franchise beginners to figure out a zone oriented, regular customer oriented business strategy than just complying with the head office manual. Owing to an increasing trend of opening medium to large sized stores and investments in the wake of converting to multiple business type Korean food franchise, there is growing need to set up new concept of store development and operational management strategy in order to overcome the excessive competition and limited sales volume of the old-fashioned small sized, small capital franchise stores. Furthermore, as most business category of food service franchise serve very similar menus, from a product differentiation point of view, it is required to map out flexible sales concept including the adoption of competitive and low-price strategy. In conclusion, as is shown in the analytical research, the customers' optimal choice fluctuate over their preferences like customer convenience and circumstances rather than insisting on specific brand, thus it will be necessary for the franchise stores to draw up aggressive strategy and planning in running food service franchise to maximize their profits.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.195-230
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• 2017

This study combined Youth Panel Data(2009~2014) to analyze youth employees' turnover determinants by business scale and wage effects and the results are as follows: First, the turnover rate of youth employees was analyzed and as a result, the average turnover rate in 2014 was 26.3% and was found to be small company 25.6%, medium-sized company 25.1%, large company 17.2% in terms of business scale (based on regular permanent position), showing that the larger the company size, the lower the turnover rate. Second, turnover reasons of youth employees were found to be dissatisfaction with working conditions 40.3%, job mismatch 39.2%, personal reasons 11.8% in order and turnover by job mismatch was higher in large companies (41.5%) than in small and medium enterprises (38.5%). Third, job satisfaction and job-major agreement depending on the status of turnover were analyzed and as a result, the lower the job satisfaction and job-major agreement, the higher the turnover rate in all areas. Fourth, scale turnover determinants by business scale were analyzed through panel regression analysis and as a result, variables significantly affecting turnover were analyzed to affect objective working conditions such as wage and employment type and job satisfaction and 'job-level of education skill level major'agreement variables to lower the turnover rate as well. Fifth, wage effects depending on the status of turnover were estimated and as a result, the wage level of youth employees who changed their job was lower than that of youth employees working in the same company by about 3.1% and this wage gap was further expanded over time. But, turnover of changing employment type(temporary position${\rightarrow}$regular permanent position) and company size (small and medium enterprise${\rightarrow}$large company) was not the case. Therefore, in order to reduce the turnover rate of youth employees, it is necessary to increase overall job satisfaction and job-major agreement with objective working conditions and working in the same company for a long period of time rather than changing jobs frequently can be said to be rational choice in terms of youth employees.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.97-109
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is, as to verify the effect of IR announcements, the IR activity to look at the usefulness. In previous study, they found that the IR announcement leads to reductions in information asymmetry, effect to positive stock price. This study examine the abnormal returns between group by corporate characteristics. The data used in this study are daily stock market returns taken from the KOSDAQ listed company with IR announcements during the 2005-2012 year(8 year). We find that follows. First, the capital market is accepted IR activity as the positive information. Second, abnormal returns of small company is higher than big size that. We show the difference of abnormal returns between the venture company and general company, the venture company's high. The abnormal returns of corporate with high ownership is above the group of low ownership. Additionally, consider interaction by firm characteristics, we show the interaction between firm size and business type. The result of two-way ANOVA is that venture corporate with big size are more abnormal returns than others. Also, we demonstrate that firm location is the factor of difference on information effect in venture firm.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.81-95
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to analyze the historical development process on management plan and regulation in Japan in order to contribute to the systmatic management plan of national forest in Korea. Before the World War II, remarkable national forest management plan in Japan was introduction of the normal forest ideas by the management plan of the combination system of maximum forest rent and maximum soil rent, employing the clear-cutting of small area, simplified area-period method, and about 70-80 years rotation. After World War II, enterprise management was developed from the previous combination system. During the rapid economic development period, the original working system and normal forest ideas were not recognized, so that the destructions of forest and environment were resulted from the yield of future increment and clear-cutting of large area. During the slow economic development period, on the other hand, the reproduction of forest resources was difficult, as the result of the negligent management system and the depression of management. Future management system of national forest, therefore, should establish the working system and the management plan for the purpose of both forest resources reproduction and environment maintenance, simultaneously.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.85-95
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• 2016

Generally a venture capital aims at investment and support Venture businesses that signifies a start-up which has high technologies but frailty of the economy so that raise fund from financial agencies at high risk rate, it has high risk but when the venture businesses launch into general orbit, the venture capital guarantee high-rate profits. Venture capital do not just provide risk capital but also takes a role as a mentor for continuous growth with total consulting service at business and technical management. Also it offers in-depth support to reform the supported enterprise in order to enhance the competitive. Venture capital receives attention for years as a principal agent to be promoted strategically at national level. Bio venture, a major concern of venture capital and one of core industries in Korea, is different from other industries because it needs long-term and large scale of investment. these factors bring about difficulties in an investment and growth. Therefore, it is very important to identify growth and profitability of start-ups and small and venture businesses with long-term appreciation above all other industries. This research analyze management results of bio venture businesses empirically by investment from venture capital. according to the results, bio venture businesses need huge capital and a long gap of time, henceforth, formation of model for growth is necessary with angel investing as well as venture capital. Since, there are not many listed bio venture businesses, significant statistical result would be limited. This research studied at only economic focus but further study need to examine a question from various angles.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.1-12
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the trends of the start-up research in Korea. To accomplish this, meta-analysis was carried out using text mining methodology by dividing the entrepreneur-related master's and doctoral theses registered in RISS into the first term of entrepreneurship research by 2009 and the second term of entrepreneurship research from 2010. As a result of this study, it can be seen from the three different analysis that the entrepreneurship education and government policy and support are the subject of continuous research topics in the whole period and that the researches on small business start-ups have been studied continuously and conducted more in the second half. In addition, empirical analysis is strengthened in the latter stage of entrepreneurial research. The TF-IDF analysis reveals that many researches on veterans have been carried out in the field of entrepreneurship research, and in the latter period, it was found that many studies related to the elderly were conducted with cultural contents and aging society. In addition, research on brand-related research has been carried out throughout the entire period, and research on venture-related research, characteristics of entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship motivation and start-up strategy have been conducted a lot and female entrepreneurship was also studied. In the latter period, we have emphasized entrepreneurial achievements and found that research on start-ups such as industry-academia cooperation, start-up investment, and social enterprise diversified. This study is meaningful to apply the method which is becoming a recent issue such as text mining and topic analysis to the meta-analysis related to start-up. Future research will need to be undertaken on a variety of more detailed topics related to entrepreneurship.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.543-554
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• 2017

We tried to get useful information from social network analysis on the transaction network for the companies in Busan, Ulsan, Kyong-nam region using more than 80 thousand company transaction data obtained from Korean enterprise data (KED). We found that there are 282 clusters having more than 3 companies when we made clusters composed of the companies having the transactions with each other as the first transaction partners in the region. Most of clusters have a major big company with most of sales in the clusters and have the member companies without the transaction with other cluster's member companies so that they have closed and hierarchical transaction pattern. Analysing the transaction network using the network index, we know that there are small medium size companies playing the central role in the regional transaction network and a few clusters have many transactions with other clusters. Also we found that there are very rare sale transactions to the companies outside the region and many purchasing transactions from the companies outside the region. Policy makers need to try to diversify the transaction patterns and to use the exceptional companies and clusters as the levers.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.141-160
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• 2006

The esthetic center skips over the dimension of simply theoretical knowledge by the specialization, segmentation, and gentrification and the importance of the technical education which introduced into the spot experienceis raising its head. And the esthetic center's importance which copes with the environment changing actively is being cognized. The franchisee system of esthetic shows that while the domestic market is opened, the appearance of foreign famous brand-centered is increasing rapidly. According to this kind of trend, every kind of mediums will not stop the classified ad of franchisee and it will be recognized as the promising sector. Especially, the situation of franchisee is that franchisors and franchisees in the limited relationship and just plan the growth, so the success possibly can be very high. The diffusion of franchisee system and the study about the franchisee are developed on the diverse view points. But still now, the study is just formed from the enterprise's success and the franchisors view point, the study about the franchisees dimension is very small. But it is also very important to exam the decision factors of franchisees success because the franchisors result of franchisee system will come out with franchisee performance totally. In this paper, it will actually proof if the decisive factors that exert influence on the franchisee performance in the franchisee dimension, exert influence on the franchisee performance in substance; and exam what kind of relationship the franchisee performance have with the franchisors and recontract intention. According to this, we can draw out the rest decision factors of improving the franchisee performance, and also show the strategic implication of franchisee efficient marketing.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.91-116
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• 2014

This study reviews the methodology for utilizing information technology by which even non-professionalists in FTAs and commodity classification area can perform the determination of commodity classification, with ease and by themselves, by means of easy utilization of the information on commodity classification and FTAs, of importing and exporting goods. This article examines the technological elements and logics, etc. which simulate the commodity classification for utilizing FTAs. To achieve this, the author has developed the technology to support the determination of commodity classification numbers by accumulating the database of examples for classification after analyzing the classification factors by each commodity item. Utilizing this Commodity Classification Determination Supporting System, users can enjoy effects of education as well as consulting. In this regards, the advantages of this system can be enumerated as followings : Firstly, self-checking on commodity classification can be performed. Secondly, time and cost for classification can be saved. Thirdly, comprehensive competitiveness will be enhanced by allowing traders to achieve the benefit of FTA preferential tariff, for they will be able to issue the Certificate of Origins on a more accurate and precise basis of commodity classification.