• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of sling exercise on fall risk score, ankle dorsiflexion and balance in community-dwelling elderly women. Method: A 6-week prospective study was conducted to examine the effects of sling exercise. Participants were required to attend their assigned exercise classes three times a week for 6 weeks. Result: After the 6 week study period, PPA fall-risk scores were reduced by 0.90 for the exercise group, which was a significant change (p<.001). Dorsiflexion strength increased significantly (p<.01) by 1.56 kg after the sling exercise. There was a 2.0 cm-increase (p<.05) in FRT and 0.38 second-improvement (p<.01) in TUGT. A 7.88 second-increase in One-leg standing with Eyes Open and a 3.12 second-increase in One-leg standing with Eyes Closed were reported during the 6-week intervention period. Conclusion: The 6-week sling exercise reduced falls risk score significantly (p<=.001) in community-dwelling elderly women by improving fall risk related factors such as reaction time, balance and strength.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.136-141
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• 2002

Purpose : The role of biceps pulley is stabilizing sling for the long head of the biceps tendon against anterior shearing stress in the rotator interval. The purpose of this study was to classify arthroscopic findings of biceps pulley and to evaluate the relationship with shoulder pathology. Materials and Methods : From January 2002 through July 2002, we observed biceps pulley in 49 cases of shoulder pathology treated with arthroscopically. There were 22 cases of anterior instability, 12 cases of rotator cuff tear, 5 of impingement syndrome, 6 of frozen shoulder, 2 of superior labral injury and 1 of each scapulothoracic bursitis and biceps dislocation. We classified biceps pulley as four types according to the arthroscopic appearance. Type I its stretched type. type II as sling type, type III at detached sling type, and type IV as concealed type. Results : We observed stretched type in 24 cases $(49\%)$, sling type in 5 cases $(10\%)$, detached sling type in 2 cases, concealed type in 1 case, and unidentified cases in 17 cases $(35\%)$. Conclusion : Development and variation of biceps pulley may have symptomatic correlation according to the degree of shoulder motion or pathologic status.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.72-77
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of general sling-bridge exercise (GSE) and sling-bridge exercise with rhythmic stabilization technique (SER) on trunk muscle endurance and flexibility in adolescents with low back pain (LBP). 30 adolescents who had complaints of LBP were randomly assigned to one of the two groups: the GSE group (n=15) and SER group (n=15). Subjects performed each exercise programs for 4 weeks with the aim of improving trunk muscle stability; GSE group trained general bridge exercise with sling, SER group trained rhythmic stabilization bridge exercise with sling. The static and dynamic trunk muscle endurance and flexibility were measured before and at the end of the exercise program. The static and dynamic trunk muscle endurance were significantly improved in both groups (p<.05) and the SER group showed significant difference from the GSE group after the exercise (p<.05). The trunk muscle flexibility was significantly improved in both groups (p<.05) and the SER group were significantly different from GSE group post-exercise (p<.05). The results of this study showed that sling bridge exercise with rhythmic stabilization technique may be appropriate for improving trunk muscle stability in adolescents with LBP.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.57-71
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• 2002

Cervical pain is a rapid increase that is owing to a flexion-extension whiplash injury, unappropriated posture, chronical repetition injury from abdominal position of head and neck, excessive repeating work, chronical deficiency of excercise. Because of that is bring about muscle unbalance, tightness of cervical extensor muscle, weakness of cervical deep flexor muscles, instability of cervical region and reduction of proprioceptive sensor. Recent the role of muscle is more emphasized for preservation of sine stabilization. And cognition of integrated muscular system, importance for the operation and relation is increased to maintain stability of the motor system and pertinent function. Therefore we are going to introduce the sling exercise and stabilization exercise method for advanced efficient of cervical and upper limb and for the muscle strengthening to importance cervical stabilization through neurological program as control the reaction of cervical stabilization. Sling exercise therapy(SET) concept consists of a system of diagnosis and treatment. The system of diagnosis involves testing the muscle's tolerance through progressive loading in open and close kinetic chains. The SET system contains elements such as relaxation, increasing the range of movement, traction, training the stabilizing musculature, sensory-motor exercises, training in open and close kinetic chains, dynamic training of the mobilizing musculature, cardiovascular exercise, group exercise, personal exercise at home Sensory-motor training is an essential element of the SET concept. The emphasis is on closed kinetic chain exercise on an unstable surface, there by achieving optimum stimulation of the sensory-motor apparatus.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.250-256
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• 2020

Background: Unstable surface-based core training can significantly enhance core strength, but no studies have compared the effects of balance pad- and sling-assisted exercises. Objects: To study the effects of unstable surface-based balance pad- and sling-assisted core strength exercises on muscle activity. Methods: Twenty male students aged 20-25 years participated in this study. The effects of three types of core strength exercises, performed with a sling or balance pad, on the activities of three muscles, i.e., the right musculus obliquus externus abdominis (EO), right erector spinae (ES), and right gluteus maximus (GM), were examined. Results: 1) In the glute bridge exercise, the percentage of maximum voluntary contraction of the EO, ES, and GM were significantly different between the balance pad- and sling-assisted exercises. The relative contribution of the ES and GM activities to all muscle activity were not significantly different between the two training types, whereas that for EO showed a significant difference. 2) There was no significant difference in the percentage value of maximum voluntary contraction (%MVC) among the EO, ES, and GM during the "leg-lifting with flat support" exercise, and there were no significant difference in the relative contributions between the two training types. 3) In the "side bridge leg separation exercise", the %MVC of the ES, EO, and GM were significantly different between the two training types. Conclusion: Sling training for core muscles was generally better than balance pad assist training. The majority of physiotherapy patients require core training. Our results could guide physiotherapists in the choice of targeted exercises for these patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.128-134
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of healthy persons performing a plank exercise with hip abduction and use of sling on trunk muscle activity. Methods: Twenty-three subjects participated in this study. Muscle activities of the multifidus, rectus abdominis, external oblique and internal oblique were assessed with electromyography (EMG) while the subjects performed 6 various types of plank exercises in random order. Results: There was a significant difference in multifidus and internal oblique on the supported side and the multifidus, external oblique, and internal oblique on the elevated side (p<0.05), and differences in plank methods were significantly higher in the multifidus, rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique of the supported side and the rectus abdominis, external oblique and internal oblique on the elevated side (p<0.05). In addition, post-hoc analysis of the various plank methods showed that muscle activity was significantly higher during the general plank exercise compared with the knee-supported-in-sling plank exercises (p<0.05), and was significantly higher with the ankle-supported-in-sling plank exercises compared with the general plank exercise. Conclusion: There was greater trunk muscle activity with plank exercises performed with the ankle-supported-in-sling and hip abduction plank exercises compared with the general or knee-supported-in-sling plank exercises. Through this study, various plank exercises have been discovered that can be selected at different intensities for core muscle training purposes based on trunk muscle strength.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.52-65
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• 2006

Sling exercises therapy can speak as appliable comprehensive exercises therapy technique efficiently in general exercise field for injured worker's rehabilitation process and health improvement patient or athlete, injury or disease that have pain or dysfunction to neuromuscular system using that shake. At 1990 an early stage, because physical therapist and doctors of medical treatment developed country norway of north europe cooperate sling exercises therapy's concept trend spreading worldwide establishing theory newly based on scientific basic be. Musculoskeletal system, old man and young child's nervous system injurer's treatment and exercise and industry worker's rehabilitation process, athlete's rehabilitation etc. several fields introduced in early 2000s to Korea apply. Sling exercises therapy neuromuscular system disease continuous abatement as general concept of active exercise and treatment that use sling exercises equipment by purpose know can. This review article wishes to introduce about neuromuscular activation, "Neurac" technique that can speak as step developed more concept based on application principle etc, of basic sling exercises effort's change by suspension point's change that is concept, stability exercises principle, open kinetic chain exercises and closed kinetic chain exercises. Arranged about Plateau potential's characteristic and working mechanism and Neurac technique's application method that can say as Neurac technique's neuro-physiologic base, and presented treatment method of lumbar part disease and cervical part, shoulder joint part disease to application example. Because plateau potential forward player that induce using Neurac technique in part muscles that act role that keep spine surrounding stability in this article keeps muscle's contraction continuously, between global and local muscles, presented several study findings that can cause affirmative change in insufficient muscle adjustment state such as imbalance of muscles' action order. Expect that case studies that use this Neurac technique here after consist continuously.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Background: This study aims to examine the effects of sling exercise and common exercise on the pain level of various body parts. Methods: This study divided the subjects into a sling-exercise group and a common exercise group to for each group across the measurement times after practicing exercises twice per week for 8 weeks (total 16times). To compare the means of the experimental group and the control group on each variable, the ANOVA for repeated measure was used and if there was any significant difference across the measurement times, post-hoc comparisons were conducted for the difference. The T-tests for group difference according to exercise type on each of the variables showed the results as follows. Results: The results of this study suggest that there were significant difference in pain in shoulder pain, but no significant difference could be found in the Thoracic pain & Knee joint pain. There was no significant difference to distinguish between the sling exercise and the common exercise. Conclusions: Currently the sling exercise is not spread out widely in Korea, so that the recognition and studies of the sling exercise is still lacking. Hence, this study can hopefully facilitate popularity of the sling exercise and systematic prospect studies on it in the near future.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.149-154
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• 2013

Purpose: Spinal instability due to weakness of abdominal muscles is one of the major causes that induces low back pain (LBP). The purpose of this study was to investigate any differences in abdominal muscle activity during curl up, roll out, and jack knife exercises using a swiss-ball or sling. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects were randomly assigned into either a swiss-ball exercise group (SBEG) or a sling exercise group (SEG). Subjects performed curl up, roll out and jack knife exercises using the swiss ball or sling. Activity of abdominal muscles (rectus abdominis and external oblique muscle) was assessed using surface EMG and normalized maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). The significance of differences between the sling exercise group and the swiss-ball exercise group was evaluated by the independent t-test. Results: These Results indicated that activities of rectus abdominis on right and left of the SEG during the curl up exercise were significantly greater than the SBEG. During the roll out exercise, activity of the abdominal muscle was not significantly different between the SEG and SBEG. In addition, during the jack knife exercise, activities of the right rectus abdominis and left external oblique muscle in the SEG were significantly greater than the SBEG. Conclusion: In conclusion, activity of the abdominal muscles was maximized when curl up and jack knife exercise were performed using the sling rather than the swiss-ball. Therefore, if increased activation of the abdominal muscle is the goal of an exercise program, curl up and jack knife exercises may be useful.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.166-172
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• 2018

Purpose: This study compared the different sling and resistance exercises on pelvic rotation during active straight leg raises (ASLR) and on pain in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Methods: Twenty subjects were divided randomly into a sling group (SG) and a resistance exercise group (REG). Internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO), rectus abdominis (RA), and rectus femoris (RF) muscle activity; pelvic rotation angle during ASLR; and visual analogue scale, pressure pain threshold were measured. Sling and resistance exercises were then performed for 30 minutes and the measurements taken again. Results: Both groups showed significantly lower RF muscle activity and significantly higher EO and IO muscle activity (p<0.05). The RA muscle activity decreased significantly in the SG, but increased significantly in the REG (p<0.05). The pelvic rotation angle was significantly lower in the SG (p<0.05). The pain press threshold increased significantly in both groups (p<0.05). The visual analogue scale decreased significantly in the SG (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both exercises appear to be beneficial for modifying the muscle activity and pain control in the intervention of CLBP. On the other hand, the sling was more effective in increasing the pressure threshold than resistance exercise, and the pelvic rotation angle was reduced. Therefore, both exercises can help patients with CLBP change their muscle activity and control pain. CLBP patients should use a sling for short periods of time to learn to reduce the pain and control pelvic rotation.