• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.49-50
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• 2011

In this paper we collect data concerning sleep environments in a bedroom and analyze the relationship between the collected condition data and sleep. In addition, this paper detects scene changes from the subjects in a sleeping state and presents the physical conditions, reactions during sleep, and physical sensations and stimuli. To detect scene changes in image sequences, we used color histogram for the difference between the preceding frame and the current frame. In addition, to extract the tossing and turning for different situations, the subjects were instructed to enter the level of fatigue, the level of drinking, and the level of stomach emptiness.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.267-274
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• 2021

Sleep plays a critical role in homeostasis of the body and mind. Insomnia is a disease that causes disturbances in the initiation and maintenance of sleep. Insomnia is known to affect not only the sleep process itself but also an individual's cognitive function and emotional regulation during the daytime. It increases the risk of various neuropsychiatric diseases such as depression, anxiety disorder, and dementia. Although it might appear that insomnia only affects the nervous system, it is also a systemic disease that affects several aspects of the body, such as the cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune systems; therefore, it increases the risk of various diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and infection. Insomnia has a wide range of effects on our bodies because sleep is a complex and active process. However, a high proportion of patients with insomnia do not seek treatment, which results in high direct and indirect costs. This is attributed to the disregard of many of the negative effects of insomnia. Therefore, we expect that understanding insomnia as a systemic disease will provide an opportunity to understand the condition better and help prevent secondary impairment due to insomnia.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.106-120
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• 2010

Objectives: Sanjointang has been clinically used much for treating sleeplessness. However, the effects of Sanjointang in artificial sleep deprivation situations are not known. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, left ventricular diastolic pressure, +dp/dt maximum, -dp/dt maximum, and -dp/dt / +dp/dt ratio which are related to the hemodynamic functions of the heart by using sleep-deprived Sparague-Dawley rats, in order to clarify the impact of Sanjointang on hemodynamic functions of the heart of sleep deprived rats. Methods: Eighteen hearts were removed from the male Sparague-Dawley rats weighting about 180g were perfused by the Langendorff technique with modified 37 Krebs-Henseleit's buffer solution at a constant perfusion pressure (60mmHg). They were randomly assigned to one of the following three groups, 1) Normal group (those which did not have sleep deprivation and received normal saline administration), 2) Control group (sleep deprived and normal saline administered), 3) Sample group (sleep deprived and Sanjointang was administered). Control and sample groups rats were deprived 96 hours of sleep by using the modified multiple platform technique. Heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, left ventricular diastolic pressure, +dp/dt maximum, -dp/dt maximum, -dp/dt / +dp/dt ratio were evaluated at baseline after the administration of either normal saline or Sanjointang. Results: The heart rate and -dp/dt / +dp/dt ratio was significantly decreased in rats with 96 hours of sleep deprived significantly decreased. The change in the heart rate after administering Sanjointang did not show any significant difference. The left ventricular systolic pressure of the removed heart significantly decreased due to Sanjointang administration, while the left ventricular diastolic pressure significantly increased (p<0.05). The +dp/dt maximum and -dp/dt maximum both significantly decreased in the removed heart after administering Sanjointang. (p<0.05). There was no significant difference observed in the -dp/dt / +dp/dt ratio after administering Sanjointang. Conclusions: According to the results above, sleep deprivation significantly decreases heart rate and -dp/dt / +dp/dt ratio. This is considered as a result of exhaustion due to accumulation of fatigue. Meanwhile, Sanjointang reduced left ventricular systolic pressure and raised left ventricular diastolic pressure, and relieved the contractility and relaxation of the myocardium. Consequently, this reduces the burden of the heart and creates a relatively stabilized heart condition similar to a sleeping condition.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.163-171
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• 1994

Objectives: Symptoms of sleep apnea consisted of insomnia, excessive sleepiness during daytime, impaired cognitive functions and emotional disturbances. It was not so well known how these symptoms are correlated with various parameters of sleep and respiration, and what kind of psychophysiological processes are involved in development of these symptoms. Methods: In sixty patients with sleep apnea, sleep and respiration were studied by polysomnography of one night, also symptoms of sleep apnea were evaluated with the scales of insomnia, daytime sleepiness, emotional disturbance and cognitive impairment We studied correlations between apnea symptoms, and various parameters of sleep and respiration such as sleep efficiency, number severity of apnea, $O_2$ desaturation and number of snoring. Results: The result showing significant correlations are as follows. The patients with better sleep in insomnia scale showed more number of apnea, particularly more central type, and much more snoring in stage 3 sleep and mild desaturation of $O_2$. Excessive sleepiness during daytime correlated significantly with stage 1 sleep and its snoring, but correlated negatively with stage 2 sleep. However, no significant correlation was found with degree of $O_2$ desaturation. Emotional disturbance was more apparent in the patients with severe $O_2$ desaturation and smaller amounts of stage 4 sleep. Cognitive function was more impaired in cases of more REM sleep and less apnea. Conclusions: Symptoms of sleep apnea may occur through different causes and processes. The evaluation of apnea symptoms may be helpful to understand in some degree the condition of sleep and respiration during sleep in clinical setting.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.69-83
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• 2006

The purpose of the present driving simulation study was to investigate the effects of fatigue induced both by sleep deprivation and time-on-task on driver's driving performance. The results are as followings. First, although the drivers in almost every experimental conditions showed faster driving speed than that was required, the drivers in the sleep-deprivation and over 1-hour time-on-task condition drove slower than the target speed. Second, the drivers in the sleep-deprivation and over 1-hour time-on-task condition crossed the lane less frequently than those in the other conditions, they weaved more in the lane. Third, as the drivers became more fatigued both by sleep deprivation and continuous driving, they reported higher fatigue scores in the subjective fatigue ratings. The results suggested that although the drivers might adapt a compensative driving strategies when they were fatigued, their driving performances were indeed impaired, in general.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.155-162
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• 2015

Purpose: The association between pain and sleep is described as a vicious cycle and psychological distress is well known as comorbid condition in the patients with pain and sleep problems. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of self-reported sleep disturbance and its relationship to clinical and psychological profiles in temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients. Methods: The sample consisted of 123 TMD patients (90 women and 33 men), with a mean age of $39.9{\pm}15.4years$. Self-report measures of sleep quality, pain and psychological profile were conducted via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Brief Pain Inventory and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revision at the initial visit. The primary diagnosis of TMD were categorized as TMD with internal derangement without pain, TMD with joint pain, TMD with muscle pain and TMD with joint-muscle combined pain. The chi-square test, independent t-test, oneway ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis were used for statistics. Results: The patients was grouped as good sleepers (n=32, scores of 5 and lower) and poor sleepers (n=91, scores of 6 and higher) according to the recommended cutoff point of the global PSQI score (>5). TMD patients with pain showed poor sleep quality than TMD patients with internal derangement without pain. Poor sleepers had high pain interference and elevated psychological distress. Among them, pain interference and depression were significant predictors to sleep quality. Conclusions: The results suggest that sleep disturbance is a prevalent complaint in TMD patients, and sleep problems in TMD patients are associated with pain and psychological distress.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.713-720
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• 2006

Heat conductivity, height, size, elasticity of pillow, stability of shape, hygroscopicity, ventilation, temperature and easy movability, and so on, are considered to be some of major conditions that affect the comfortable sleep. Considering those factors together, the thermal properties, height, shape and feeling of touch, etc, of pillow must be taken into account. Though studies have been conducted to figure out the physical properties of mattress or pillows from the perspective of factors related to the environment of sleep, they are not enough to be used as an index to evaluate the qualitative aspect of sleep. This study tries to consider the effect of pillow filling materials on the comfortable sleep, for which EEG, ECG, EOG, EMG, RT, etc, are to be measured in an attempt to provide the basic data required in proposing the condition that may lead to a sound and comfortable sleep. Three types of pillows that are sold in the market were used for this research in order to evaluate the quality of sleep depending on the filling materials of pillow. All data were statistically processed and the following conclusions were drawn. It was found that the pillow with feathers provided the best comfort as the pillow A turned out to have the shortest sleeping latency(SL) from the perspective of comfort. The pillow B which used the polyethylene is deemed to be suitable for fatigue relieving purpose as it turned out to have the highest slow wave sleep(SWS), but no statistically significant difference was validated. Moreover, the pillow C which used the natural wool was found to have the narrowest contacting area of the pillow and head and provide a great warm heat comfort that may led to a sound sleep because the temperature below the pillow took the longest time to rise.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• v.35
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• pp.28.1-28.12
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• 2023

Background: Owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, being exposed to work from home and work during nonwork time simultaneously can lead to sleep disturbance; however, their combined effect is unclear. We aimed to investigate the combined effect of work from home and work during nonwork time on sleep disturbance. Methods: This study used data from the Sixth Korean Working Condition Survey and included 27,473 paid workers. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between work from home, work during nonwork time, and sleep disturbance according to sex. We re-classified participants into 4 groups based on their working from home (No/Yes) and working during nonwork time (No/Yes). The relative excess risk due to interaction was calculated to examine the effect of exposure to both telecommuting and non-regular work hours on sleep disturbance. Results: Workers exposed to work from home and work during nonwork time had significantly higher risks of sleep disturbance for all, men, and women workers (OR [95% CI]: 1.71 [1.46-2.02], 1.79 [1.43-2.23], and 1.64 [1.29-2.08] for work from home and 3.04 [2.70-3.42], 3.61 [3.09-4.22], and 2.41 [2.01-2.90] for work during nonwork time, respectively). Compared to those who were not exposed to both factors, when workers had both job factors, the ORs (95% CI) of sleep disturbance for all, men, and women were 3.93 (2.80-5.53), 5.08 (3.21-8.03), and 2.91 (1.74-4.87), respectively. The relative excess risk due to interaction of work from home and work during nonwork time was not significant for sleep disturbance. Conclusions: Work from home and work during nonwork time were each associated with sleep disturbance, but the interaction between the two factors on sleep disturbance was not observed in both men and women.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to find out whether there is any difference in lifestyle by health status in the same Sasang constitution type, and whether there is any difference in lifestyle by the Sasang constitution type in the same health condition. Methods We used collected the clinical data of Korean medicine Data Center (KDC). In this study, we used items of the lifestyle about meal and sleep (Meal regularity, Meal amount, Meal time, Dream, Sleep well, Hard to fall asleep, Shallow sleep, Nap, Sleep time, Quality of sleep) as variables. We found the differences of lifestyles using the Chi-square test and ANOVA. We analyzed using SPSS statistics 21.0 for Korean. Results & Conclusions When we compared the lifestyle by Sasang constitution type in each health status, there were differences in items of meal amount and nap. When we compared the lifestyle by health status in each Sasang constitution type, we found differences in items of meal regularity, sleep well, nap etc. However, in TE tpe, there was not these differences by health status.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.210-215
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• 1998

OSA(Obstructive Sleep Apnea) is a condition with repeated obstruction of the upper airway while sleeping. This obstruction of the upper airway may result if sleep-induced physiologic change in muscle activity is superimposed on various structural defects of the upper airway. Macroglossia, micrognathia, retrognathia, and decreased airway lumen have all been implicated in OSA. There are a variety of surgical and nonsurgical treatment modalities currently available for OSA. Recently the uvulopalatopharyngoplasty has achieved widespread use, but success rates vary and long-term effects are still unknown. Current nonsurgical treatment methods can be cumbersome and uncomfortable with variable responses. For this case. we diagnosed as OSA by using polysomnographic analysis and cephalometric analysis, and delivered intraoral removable appliance which is more conservative, reversible and easy to use for patient. And we got results that Apnea Index(AI) decreased from 14.4 to 3.1, Total Respiratory Disturbance Index(Total RDI) decreased from 18.1 to 7.0 and removal of chronic headache in daytime.