• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.91-104
• /
• 2001

This study on the some urban salaried workers' eating habits was performed according to age, sex, and occupation. The results were as follows: 1. The subjects of Pusan amount to 14.2%, Yosu 25.3%, Changwon 26.8%, Chinju 13%, and Inchon 20.7%. The proportion of women to men is 29.5% to 60.5%. The subjects in there twenties and thirties were 40.4%, those in there forties and fifties 26.9%. 2. 84.6% of the subjects had breakfast regularly(p＜0.005). It turned out that males enjoyed breakfast more than females. The main reason for skipping breakfast was the shortage of appetite. 3. Over 80% of subjects enjoyed Korean food for breakfast. 4. Most subjects usually ate lunch at the cafeteria. They enjoyed stew and usually paid ￦3,500-4,000 for lunch(p＜0.005). 5. 71.8% of subjects always had dinner(p＜0.005). Younger people under 20 skipped dinner sometimes as a means of weight control. 6. 60% of subjects enjoyed eating out for dinner once or twice a week(p＜0.005). Women ate out more than men, and the young ate out more than the old. People aged 30 to 40 ate out most frequently. 7. The subjects thought dinner was the most important dish, followed by lunch and then breakfast. 8. 66.6% of subjects had meat once or twice a week(p＜0.01). 13.8% under 20 didn't eat meat at all as a means of weight control. Women enjoyed meat more than men. The reasons for not consuming meat were a dislike and insufficient financial resources. According to the survey, most urban salaried workers had breakfast and dinner regularly, preferred Korean food for breakfast, had lunch from mass food supplies, enjoyed eating out once or twice a week, and women ate out more frequently than men. This study includes that it helps to develop the right eating habits and provide a more balance and varied diet.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.7 no.5
• /
• pp.615-627
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine the eating habits and nutrient intake of industrial workers who work day and night shifts. In the area of percentage of skipped meals, the day shift workers responded that they usually skipped breakfast and the night shift workers often skipped lunch and dinner. The day shift workers answered that they skipped meals because of lack of time. The night shift workers cited poor appetite as their main reason for skipping meals. The intake of calories, Vitamin $B_2$ and calcium of the industrial workers who worked day and night shift was lower than the Korean RDA. The intake of iron of the male night shift workers was lower than the Korean RDA The intake of calories, protein, calcium, iron, Vitamin $B_2$and niacin, vitamin C of the female night shift workers was lower than the Korean RDA. In the area of nutrient intake, the night shift workers both male and female got lower scales than the day shift workers. The nutrient intake of the female night shift workers was the worst. Because they cook for themselves and live alone, their nutrient intake and eating habits were bad. The night shift workers were worse than the day shift workers and the female night shift workers were the worst. Considering the above results, night shift workers should correct their poor eating habits, their nutrient intake and have a well-balanced diet.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.14-23
• /
• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to compare health risk behavior prevalence for youth living in metropolitan, medium sized and small cities or rural area, in order to enhance understanding regional differences. Methods: For this study, data from the 2006 Youth Health Risk Behavior Online Survey collected by the Korean Center for Disease Control were analyzed using SPSS. Results: In the metropolitan areas, prevalence for disease and perceived obesity were higher than in other areas. Lack of intense or moderate physical activity, obesity, fast food intake, and insufficient sleep showed higher prevalence than in rural areas. Prevalence of lifetime smoking, lifetime alcohol consumption, present alcohol use, fruit intake less than once a day, and not wearing a seat belt were higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Gender, smoking, and alcohol use were correlated. Spearman correlation between living with parent and skipping breakfast were significant. Smoking, alcohol use, and sexual behavior were correlated. Conclusion: As significant differences in prevalence of youth health risk behaviors exist between regional areas, health education and health promotion programs considering these differences have to be developed and implemented for adolescents. Programs for prevention of smoking and alcohol use, programs for improvement of fruit intake and safety are suggested for adolescents in rural areas, whereas programs to enhance physical activity and obesity management are suggested for adolescents in metropolitan areas.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.39-51
• /
• 2002

There are many concerns about the smoking among adolescents. Smoking status, smoking habit and dietary habit of high school students were studied using anonymous questionnaires. One hundred fifteen of 380 students(30.3%) have experienced smoking and 58.3% of them initiated it in the middle school, mostly because of the curiosity. The most plausible reasons for smoking were for stress reduction and feel bored. The students who smoked cigarettes were not likely to eat properly and their dietary habits were generally inadequate. The smoking group had less consideration of food balance, more skipping breakfast, more irregular meal time, less snack, and less frequent intake of vegetables. Also one-day dietary records obtained from 24hr recall showed less diverse food intake in smoking students. Considering the risk of poor eating behavior in smoking, nutritional care should be taken to emphasize as well as the smoking prevention and health programs, and more attention needs to be given to the relationship between smoking and the attitude and the behavior of smoking students toward their health, including proper eating habits. Since the results revealed that the majority of smoking students had previously attempted or thought about quitting to smoke, proper support programs that are more comprehensive and not temporal need to be developed.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.189-200
• /
• 1996

This study was carried out with 1030 students of Seoul National University to investigate the relationship between residences and food habits of college students. The results obtained were as follows. 1) Food habit scores of the students living in dormitories and in boarding homes with cooking facilities were significantly lower than those of other students, especially with regards to the balance of five basic food groups and skipping breakfast. 2) Energy intake of students living in the boarding homes with meals were low. Students in the boarding home also showed low intake of calcium and iron, whether meals were provided or they had cooking facilities. 3) Cafeteria meals on campus showed better nutritional values than meals at home, or restaurants around the campus. But students were not satisfied with campus cafeterias, because the food items were monotonous, they had long waiting service lines, preferred foods were limited, dishes were not clean, and stated of hygiene did not seem satisfactory. Nutrition education for college students is needed, and menus of campus cafeterias should be developed to meet the various needs of students. (Korean J Community Nutrition 1(2) : 189~200, 1996)

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.344-356
• /
• 1995

This study was performed to Investigate the nutritional knowledge and dietary patterns of 450 high school girls in some areas of Seoul. The survey conducted from September 20 to 25, 1993. The results obtained were summarized as follows ; The average height and weight of the subjects were 160.2$\pm$5.Ocm and 52.3$\pm$6.7kg respectively. The average obesity index of the subjects was 96.8$\pm$11.7%. Menarche was at 13 years of age in 35.6% of the subjects and at after 14 years of age in 37.3% of them. The average score of nutritional knowledge was 60.04 $\pm$ 14.49 and the average score of Perceived nutritional knowledge was 83.9$\pm$ 14.44. The mean score of nutritional knowledge was 49.61 $\pm$ 13.45. 35.6% of subjects ranked lecture of score as their primary sources of nutritional information. Major dietary problems of subjects were eating rapidly, skipping breakfast, unbalanced Inlet and choice of snacks according taste. Underweight group showed significantly higher than other groups In unbalanced diet(P<0.01) and showed significantly higher than other groups in taking a medicine(P<0.001). Obese group showed significantly lower than other groups in remaining meals and unbalanced diet (P<0.05) and showed significantly higher than other groups In voereating.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.89-97
• /
• 2001

The relationship among food behavior, psychological factor(life strees) and perceive tiredness was investigated in 514 adolescents. Tiredness was measured in four cases: in lessons, before school, in the early evening and at weekends. Adolescents felt most tired in lessons and before school, and leat at weekends. Irregularity of meal times and skipping breakfast were positively correlated with tiredness in lessons and befor school. Consumption of some foods was related to perceived tiredness. High sugar or fat containing ice-cream, hamburger of fizzy drinks in boys, and crisps and cookies in girls were positively associated with tiredness. Whereas beans and mushrooms were negatively associated with tiredness in girls. Life stress(by scholastic problem and personal problem) of adolescents was positively related to tiredness. The contribution of stress to tiredness was much greater than of food behavior according to multiple linear regression .There was no relationship between nutrients intake and tiredness in lessons and before school which were more strongly influenced by stress, whereas the relationship was found at weekend without influences of stress. The more tired, the lower NARs(nutrient adequacy ratio) of energy, phosphorus, vitamin A, vitamin B$_2$, and niacin were. In conclusion, some eating behavior and psychological factor can cause tiredness in adolescents, but tiredness in school and before school had more of a psychological cause than at weekend. (Korean J Nutrition 34(1):89-97, 2001)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.620-629
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary and the living habits of 606 university students located in the Chonnam area. The subjects included 290 freshmen (47.9%) and 316 undergraduate students (52.1%). This survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. Most students (73.9%) skipped breakfast because of lack of time (65.8%) of the cases. Self-reported eating habits problems were eating irregular meal (52.8%), overeating (21.1%), unbalance diet (13.0%) and skipping meal (7.3%). The type of favorite snack was biscuit (31.8%) and cup Ramyon(31.8%). The weight control was higher in freshmen compared to undergraduate. The rates of smoking in freshmen and undergraduate were 21.0% and 26.6% respectively. The coffee intake and alcohol drinking frequency was higher in undergraduate compared to freshmen. The living habits of undergraduate students were undesirable. Therefore they should have a nutritional program to improve their food habits and the dietary behaviors for students' health. And nutritional education program should be organized practically and systematically.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.483-492
• /
• 2020

Dietary components can modulate stress, inflammatory indicators, and health risk. This study examined the relationship among diet, metabolic disease risk, and perceived stress in Korean adult females using the 2017-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 4,353 adult women aged 19-64 years were classified into four groups according to perceived stress level: very high stress group (VHSG, n=225), high stress group (HSG, n=1,079), moderate stress group (MSG, n=2,532), and low stress group (LSG, n=517). Data collection included the sociodemographics, anthropometrics, blood profile, and dietary survey. After adjusting for covariates, those in the VHSG had a higher body mass index (p=0.013) and obesity rate (p=0.053) with a shorter sleep time than the LSG group. The VHSG also tended to have a higher plasma LDL-cholesterol, hsC-reactive protein and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol, vitamin A, and vitamin E than the low stress group. High stress subjects demonstrated increased breakfast skipping frequency (p<0.0001), decreased fiber intake (p=0.001), potassium (p=0.041), and vitamin A (p=0.011) than the low stress ones. Therefore the perceived stress level was associated with the inflammatory indicators, obesity, and lack of anti-inflammatory or antioxidant nutrients. The dietary components may be an important mediator of stress and metabolic disease.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.36-41
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to determine the recognition of body image and food behavior factors according to the BMI. The subjects of this study were 242 7th grade students resided in San Francisco area. The degree of recognition for self-estimated physique of subjects by gender and by race showed no significant differences by gender but significant differences by race, showing that 20.0% was considered as underweight in Asian and 7.5% was considered as underweight in White students. This showed the same tendency as actual physique status (BMI). Also, the ratio of being recognized as more than overweight was 17.3% in Asian, 23.3% in Hispanic, and 13.4% in White students. In case of female students, the ratio of dieting experience was 63.3%, and 49.3% of White students and 63.3% of Hispanic students experienced dieting. In case of students answered not healthy, their body weight were significantly higher than those answered as healthy, and the BMI was also over 19, showing significant differences. Thus cases that answered as not healthy had greater body weight and BMI. Also it showed that frequent dieting experience is related to higher height and weight. The analysis of food behavior factors perceived by body shape showed that the group perceived itself as overweight consumed more 'fast food' but had low scores in 'vegetables' intake, with frequent intake of 'soda' and tendency to 'overeat'. Also, the tendency for 'balanced life' was significantly lower and for skipping breakfast was significantly higher, suggesting problematic food behavior.