• 폴리머
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.488-492
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• 2011

Isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane과 한쪽 말단에 hydroxyl기를 가지며 $M_n$이 5000, 10000, 및 20000인 polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)을 이용하여 세 가지 isocyanatopropyldimethoxysilylpolysiloxane(IDMSi-PDMS)을 합성한 후, 양 말단에 hydroxyl기를 가지는 폴리우레탄과 반응시켜 PDMS 변성 polyurethane hybrid elastomer(PSMPH)를 제조하였다. PDMS 변성 polyurethane hybrid sealant는 PSMPH를 base 수지로 하고 여기에 가소제, 가교제, 무기 충전제, 접착 증진제, 가교제, 점증제 및 촉매를 가한 다음, 실온, 질소분위기 하에서 컴파운딩하여 제조하였다. PSMPH hybrid sealant는 PHMS 수지 내에 존재하는 methoxy기와 건축석재의 hydroxyl기 또는 대기 중의 수분과 졸-젤 반응에 의해 가교가 된다. $M_n$=5000인 PDMS를 포함하는 PSMPH의 접착강도는 최대하중 및 파단 시 40.28과 20.14 kg의 하중을 보였으며, 수축률은 $M_n$=20000인 PDMS를 포함하는 PSMPH 실런트일 때 5.7%로 가장 적었다. 또한, 그들의 지촉시간, 8일 후 오일 함유량, 슬럼프, 그리고 내알칼리 특성에서 좋은 결과들을 보여 주었다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

In this study, eco-friendly functional leather was developed by recycling wastes such as eel skin, marigold(Tagetas erecta l.), hinoki cypress(Chamaecyparis obtusa). The hot water extracts of marigold and hinoki cypress leaves were freeze-dried at $-80^{\circ}C$ to prepare colorant powder. The dyeing of eel leather with marigold was carried out to investigate the effects of dyeing conditions, mordanting on dye uptake, color, morphological change, and color fastness. Considering shrinkage of eel leather caused by dyeing, the optimum dyeing conditions were $60^{\circ}C$ of dyeing temperature and 60 min of dyeing time at 1:100 of bath ratio, and color of the dyed eel leather was Y to YR Munsell series. In order to prevent the degradation of leather from microbe, we conducted combination dyeing with marigold and hinoki cypress leave colorants. In this case, the combination dyed eel leathers showed excellent antimicrobial activity with above 99% bacterial reduction rate against S. aurieus and K. pneumoniae. It was confirmed that all of the dyed eel leathers were sufficient to meet the Korean Standard for color fastness of leather products. It can be applied practically for the development of eco-friendly functional leather by utilizing some useful active components extracted from plant resources and by recycling food wastes.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.149-162
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of hot pepper extract and capsaicin on the adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells, lipolysis in rat epididymal adipocytes and histological changes in porcine adipose tissue. Methods : Inhibiton of preadipocyte differentiation and/or stimulation of lipolysis play important roles in reducing obesity. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated with adipogenic reagents by incubating for 3 days in the absence or presence of hot pepper extract or capsaicin ranging from 0.01 to $1mg/m{\ell}$. The effects of hot pepper extract and capsaicin on adipogenesis were examined by measuring GPDH activity and by Oil Red O staining. Mature adipocytes from rat epididymal fat pad was incubated with hot pepper extract or capsaicin ranging from 0.01 to $1mg/m{\ell}$ for 3 hrs. The effects of hot pepper extract and capsaicin on lipolysis were examined by measuring free glycerol released. Fat tissue from pig skin was injected with hot pepper extract or capsaicinCFP ranging from 0.1 to $10mg/m{\ell}$ to examine the effects of hot pepper extract and capsaicin on histological changes under light microscopy. Results : The following results were obtained from present study on adipogenesis of preadipocytes, lipolysis of adipocytes and histological changes in fat tissue. 1. Hot pepper extract and capsaicin inhibited adipogenic differentiation at the concentration of 0.1 and $0.01mg/m{\ell}$, respectively, indicating that capsaicin was more effective in inhibiting adipogenesis than hot pepper extract. 2. Hot pepper extract and capsaicin decreased the activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH) at the concentration of 0.1 and $0.01mg/m{\ell}$, respectively, indicating that capsaicin was more effective in inhibiting adipogenic differentiation than hot pepper extract. 3. Hot pepper extract and capsaicin increased glycerol release at the concentration of $0.1mg/m{\ell}$. There was no difference in lipolytic activity between hot pepper extract and capsaicin at the corresponding concentration. 4. Hot pepper extract and capsaicin caused shrinkage of fat cells, resulting in cell death at the concentration of $1.0mg/m{\ell}$, although capsaicin exerted this action over wide area than hot pepper extract. Conclusions : These results suggest that hot pepper extract and capsaicin efficiently inhibited adipogenesis, increased lipolysis of adipocytes and caused to shrink fat cells. Future studies are needed to make use of hot pepper extract pharmacopuncture for the treatment of obesity.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.12-17
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the clinical outcomes and usefulness of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injections as an option in the conservative treatment of patients with lateral malleolar bursitis of the ankle. Materials and Methods: A total of 27 patients (27 ankles), in whom TA injection had been performed between March 2016 and June 2017, were reviewed retrospectively. After the aspiration of fluid in the lateral malleolar bursal sac, 1 mL (40 mg) of TA was injected into the malleolar bursal sac. After the injection, the ankle was compressed with an elastic cohesive bandage for 2 to 4 weeks. The clinical outcomes and side effects were evaluated at the following time points: 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after TA injection therapy. The responses to treatment were assessed according to the degree of fluctuation, shrinkage of the bursal sac, and soft tissue swelling. Results: The mean age was 62.1 years (range, 41~81 years); there were 19 males and 8 females. Complete resolution was observed in 26 patients (96.3%) after the first or second application of a TA injection, and a partial response was observed in 1 patient (3.7%) after the first TA injection. The physical component scores of Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey improved from 71.1 to 76.0 at the last follow-up (p=0.001). Associated complications were 1 patient (3.7%) with skin atrophy and 3 patients (11.1%) with transient hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: TA injection is a useful and safe procedure for patients not responding to the usual conservative treatment of lateral malleolar bursitis of the ankle.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2019

Ovarian cancer is the fifth main cause of pre-senescent death in women. Although chemotherapy is generally an efficient treatment, its side effects and the occurrence of chemotherapeutic resistance have prompted the need for alternative treatments. In this study, ${\alpha}$-mangostin and apigenin were evaluated as possible anticancer alternatives to the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin, used herein as a positive control. The ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line SKOV-3 (ATCC No. HTB77) was used as model ovarian cancer cells, whereas the skin fibroblast line CCD-986Sk (ATCC No. CRL-1947) and lung fibroblast line WI-38 (ATCC No. CCL-75) were used as model untransformed cells. Apigenin and doxorubicin inhibited the growth of SKOV-3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. After 72 hr exposure, doxorubicin was mostly toxic to SKOV-3 cells, whereas apigenin was toxic to SKOV-3 cells but not CCD-986Sk and WI-38 cells. ${\alpha}$-Mangostin was more toxic to SKOV-3 cells than to CCD-986Sk cells. A lower cell density, cell shrinkage, and more unattached (floating round) cells were observed in all treated SKOV-3 cells, but the greatest effects were observed with ${\alpha}$-mangostin. With regard to programmed cell death, apigenin caused early apoptosis within 24 hr, whereas ${\alpha}$-mangostin and doxorubicin caused late apoptosis and necrosis after 72 hr of exposure. Caspase-3 activity was significantly increased in ${\alpha}$-mangostin-treated SKOV-3 cells after 12 hr of exposure, whereas only caspase-9 activity was significantly increased in apigenin-treated SKOV-3 cells at 24 hr. Both ${\alpha}$-mangostin and apigenin arrested the cell cycle at the $G_2/M$ phase, but after 24 and 48 hr, respectively. Significant upregulation of BCL2 (apoptosis-associated gene) and COX2 (inflammation-associated gene) transcripts was observed in apigenin- and ${\alpha}$-mangostin-treated SKOV-3 cells, respectively. ${\alpha}$-Mangostin and apigenin are therefore alternative options for SKOV-3 cell inhibition, with apigenin causing rapid early apoptosis related to the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, and ${\alpha}$-mangostin likely being involved with inflammation.