• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.253-257
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to compare the total surgical time, pain score and hemorrhage after ovariohysterectomy (OVH) and bilateral flank ovariectomy (BFOVE) with hemoclips in dogs. OVH was operated on six dogs and BFOVE was performed on six dogs. In BFOVE group, both ovarian pedicle hemostasis applied using hemoclips after removing ovaries. Total surgical time was recorded from starting incision of skin to closure last skin suture. Pain score was measured at 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours after surgery based on University of Melbourne Pain Scale (UMPS). Hemorrhage around clipping area, uterus, abdominal muscles, and skin were monitored after surgery. BFOVE technique could reduce total surgical time and pain after surgery. There was no hemorrhagic problems near ovarian pedicles following surgery. BFOVE with hemoclips could be useful and recommended for sterilization in dog.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.240-243
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose a face region detection based on skin-color distribution and facial feature extraction algorithm in color still images. To extract face region, we transform color using general skin-color distribution. Facial features are extracted by edge transformation. This detection process reduces calculation time by a scale-down scanning from segmented region. we can detect face region in various facial Expression, skin-color deference and tilted face images.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.113-132
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• 2004

Double skin composite element (DSCE) is a novel form of construction comprising two skins of profiled steel sheeting with an infill of concrete. DSCEs are thought to be applicable as shear or core walls in a building where they can resist in-plane loads. In this paper, the behaviour of DSCE subjected to combined bending and shear deformation is described. Small-scale model tests on DSCEs manufactured from micro-concrete and very thin sheeting were conducted to investigate the flexural and shear behaviour along with analytical analysis. The model tests provided information on the strength, stiffness, strain conditions and failure modes of DSCEs. Detailed development of analytical models for strength and stiffness and their performance validation by model tests are presented.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.31-38
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• 2015

Wind Turbines are becoming larger in size in order to improve economic efficiency through cost reduction, such as the construction of growth and power infrastructure of energy efficiency. It have requested the large-scale blade design and production. In the present study the new manufacture technique called a fabric-blade structure using spar, rib, and fabric membrane skin is introduced. The architectural membrane test method has been studied to be applied to the skin of the blade. The density and one-axis tensile tests of the architectural membrane materials are conducted to confirm the physical properties which are necessary to the structural designs and analyses of the wind turbine blade.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.251-260
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of eating Saengshik and applying Hwangryunhaedok-tang on skin for pregnant woman diagnosed as Pruritus Gravidarum. Methods : This case study was done on 5 Pruritus Gravidarum patients who had visited Korean Medicine Clinic. All the patients are treated with Saengshik and Hwangryunhaedok-tang was applied on their skin. VAS(Visualanalogue scale) and photographs were used to evaluate the symptom change. Results & Conclusion : Most symptoms of patients were improved in this study. Saengshik and Hwangryunhaedok-tang can be effective in patients who were diagnosed as Pruritus Gravidarum.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.82 no.5
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• pp.643-650
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• 2022

In this paper a novel mathematical model and its analytical solution of global buckling behaviour of slender elastic concrete-filled double-skin tubular (CFDST) columns with finite compliance between the steel tubes and a sandwiched concrete core is derived for the first time. The model is capable of investigating the influence of various basic parameters on critical buckling loads of CFDST columns. It is shown that the elastic buckling load of circular and slender CFDST columns is independent on longitudinal contact stiffness, but, on the other hand, it can be considerably dependent on circumferential contact stiffness. The increasing of the circumferential contact stiffness increases the critical buckling load. Furthermore, it is shown that analytical results can agree well with the experimental and numerical results if the calibrated values of circumferential contact stiffness are used in the calculations. Moreover, it is shown that the contact between the steel tubes and a sandwiched concrete core of tested large-scale CFDST columns used in the comparison is relatively weak. Finally, the proposed analytical results can be used as a benchmark solution.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.162-169
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was to compare the predictive validity of Norton Scale(1962), Cubbin & Jackson Scale(1991), and Song & Choi Scale(1991). Method: Data were collected three times per week from 48~72hours after admission based on the four pressure sore risk assessment scales and a skin assessment tool for pressure sore on 112 intensive care unit(ICU) patients in a educational hospital Ulsan during Dec, 11, 2000 to Feb, 10, 2001. Four indices of validity and area under the curve(AUC) of receiver operating characteristic(ROC) were calculated. Result: Based on the cut off point presented by the developer, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value were as follows : Norton Scale : 97%, 18%, 35%, 93% respectively; Cubbin & Jackson Scale : 89%, 61%, 51%, 92%, respectively; and Song & Choi Scale : 100%, 18%, 36%, 100% respectively. Area under the curves(AUC) of receiver operating characteristic(ROC) were Norton Scale .737, Cubbin & Jackson Scale .826, Song & Choi Scale .683. Conclusion: The Cubbin & Jackson Scale was found to be the most valid pressure sore risk assessment tool. Further studies on patients with chronic conditions may be helpful to validate this finding.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.360-366
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• 2017

Fish skin peptide-loaded liposomes were prepared in 100 mL and 1 L solution as lab scales, and 10 L solution as a prototype scale. The particle size and zeta potential were measured to determine the optimal conditions for the production of fish skin peptide-loaded liposome. The liposome was manufactured by the following conditions: (1) primary homogenization at 4,000 rpm, 8,000 rpm, and 12,000 rpm for 3 minutes; (2) secondary homogenization at 40 watt (W), 60 W, and 80 W for 3 minutes. From this experimental design, the optimal conditions of homogenization were selected as 4,000 rpm and 60 W. For the next step, fish peptides were prepared as the concentrations of 3, 6, and 12% at the optimum manufacturing conditions of liposome and stored at $4^{\circ}C$. Particle size, polydispersion index (pdI), and zeta potential of peptide-loaded liposome were measured for its stability. Particle size increased significantly as manufacture scale and peptide concentration increased, and decreased over storage time. The zeta potential results increased as storage time increased at 10 L scale. In addition, 12% peptide showed the formation of a sediment layer after 3 weeks, and 6% peptide was considered to be the most suitable for industrial application.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.37-49
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to measure the oral temperature, skin temperature, and subjective discomfort according to the application time of ice bag on thigh, head, and abdomen. This study was also intended to suggest nursing principles about ice bag application by exploring the recovery time of skin temperature after the removal of ice bag. The design of this study was $8{\times}3$ factorial design with one sample repeated measure. Here, the application time of ice bag(criteria, 5min, 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min) and the application site of ice bag(thigh, head, abdomen) were independent variables. The subjects were 10 university woman students, and data collection was made from July, 1 to August 30, 1992. Rubber ice bag halfly filled with ice was covered with towel and applied on thigh, head and abdomen in other three days. Before applying the ice bag, oral temperature and skin temperature were checked for criteria. After ice bag was applied, skin temperature, oral temperature and VAS score were checked at first 5 minutes elapsed, and every 10 minutes until 60 minutes. After that, ice bag was removed, and oral temperature and skin temperature were also measured every ten minutes until 60 minutes. In this study, skin temperature and core temperature were measured by thermistor probe, and subjective discomfort was measured by 200mm VAS (Visual Analogue Scale). Some of the findings were as follows : 1. There were significant differences in skin temperature among the three application sites of ice bag as time go by. It was most decreased to $15.87^{\circ}C$ in thigh, and $19.47^{\circ}C$ in abdomen at 50 minutes after the application of ice bag, whereas $26.1^{\circ}C$ at 40 minutes in head. Before the application of ice bag, skin temperature showed significant differences in three sites, so that they were compared after the criteria was covariated. In other words, there was significantly more decrease of skin temperature in thigh and abdomen than head, after ice bag was applied for 20 minutes and more. 2. There was no significant difference in core temperature among the three application sites of ice bag during the time of application 3. There was no significant difference in subjective discomfort (VAS) among the three application sites of ice bag. 4. After the removal of ice bag, the recovery of skin temperature was significantly different in three sites during first 30 minutes. In head, skin temperature came up to criteria at 30 minutes after the removal of ice bag, but it was not recovered In thigh and abdomen even 60 minutes elapsed. 5. After the removal of ice bag, there was no significant difference in oral temperature among the three application sites of ice bag. 6. There was significant correlation between the skin temperature and VAS score only in thigh. In conclusion, it is suggested that head in more suitable site for the application of ice bag if it is used for the relief of fever or pain. When we apply ice bag on thigh or abdomen for the relief of pain, careful attention is required.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

Purpose: This study compared the pain and skin reactions of neonates according to the method of removing the adhesive eyepatch used for phototherapy. Methods: The subjects included 20 neonates admitted at C University Hospital. In group 1 (n=10), DuoDERM dressing was attached under the adhesive eyepatch, which was removed with water, while in group 2 (n=10), the eyepatch was attached on the skin and removed with oil. Heart rate, oxygen saturation, the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), crying time were measured. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: No interaction was found between group and timing for heart rate and oxygen saturation. In group 1, the NIPS score was higher and the crying time was longer than in group 2. No difference was observed in the erythema score between the groups. Conclusion: Removing the adhesive eyepatch using oil can be used as a nursing intervention to reduce pain and improve comfort in neonates.