• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.104-125
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the anti-microbial of various herbal extracts on six types of bacteria related to skin diseases and effects of Saussurea lappa extract on dermatitis and acne. The results are followed ; 1. In the experiment on P. acnes using paper disk methods, Eugenia caryophyllata extract made 19mm clear zone, Saussurea lappa extract and Morus alba extract made 13mm and MIC of Morus alba extract and Eugenia caryophyllata extract was below 0.01$\%$. 2. In the experiment on S. aureus, extract of Eugenia caryophyllata, Poncirus trifoliata and Rubus coreanus made 9-10mm clear zone. 3. In the experiment on C. xerosis, Sesamum indicum extract made 16mm clear zone and MIC of that was 0.3$\%$. 4. In the experiment on C. albicans, extract of Cinnamomum cassia, Eugenia caryophyllata and Asparagus cochinchinensis made 9-10mm clear zone. 5. In the experiment on P. ovale, Cinnamomum cassia extract made 25mm clear one, MIC of that was 0.05$\%$. 6. In the experiment on T. mentagrophytes, Cinnamomum cassia extract made 26mm clear zone, extract of Eugenia caryophyllata, Rhizoma kaempferiae, Piper longum, Saussurea lappa and Zingiber officinale made 18-22mm clear zone, MIC of all extracts was below 0.02$\%$. 7. Saussurea lappa extract inhibited 85$\%$ and 28$\%$ of NO production at 50㎍／㎖ and 5 ㎍／㎖ 8. Saussurea lappa extract inhibited activity of COX Ⅱ over 50$\%$ at 10㎍／㎖ 9. Saussurea lappa extract had not radical scavenging activity and Saussurea lappa extract didn't inhibit manifestation of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$, and activity of 50- reductase I.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2014

Objective: To evaluate the clinical manifestations and causative drugs of the outpatient adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported by community pharmacy. Methods: From April 2013 to September 2013, all outpatient ADRs reported by community pharmacy to Regional Pharmacovigilance Center of Korean Pharmaceutical Association were included. The causality of ADRs was assessed by the criteria of WHO-Uppsala Monitoring Centre. The clinical features and the offending drugs were analyzed using the WHO-Adverse Reaction Terminology and the classification of American Hospital Formulary Service Drug Information, respectively. Results: 2,826 (97.0%) of the total 2,912 ADRs had causal relationship. The 1,923 patients with mean age of 55.1 years and female fraction of 66.5% were included in the ADRs. Gastrointestinal (33.6%), nervous system (14.9%), and skin (13.5%) symptoms were common in ADRs. Analgesic drugs (19.7%), gastrointestinal drugs (17.7%), and central nervous system drugs (11.0%) were prevalent offending drugs. The leading causative generic drug was the complex of acetaminophen and tramadol. Among 203 ADRs by the nonprescription drugs, the most common clinical features were skin (37.4%) and gastrointestinal (23.6%) symptoms and the most prevalent offending drugs were analgesic drugs (40.0%) and mucocutaneous system drugs (16.3%). The combination of acetaminophen and chlorzoxazone was the leading causative generic in nonprescription drugs. Conclusion: In this study, gastrointestinal symptom was the most common manifestation and analgesic drug was the most common causative drug in outpatient ADRs reported by community pharmacy.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.653-662
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• 2014

This study was determined the hair growth effect and mode of action of a complex extract (abelmo), extracted from various natural plants including Acorus calamus var. angustatus. 30 six-week old C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into three treatment groups with ten mice per treatment group repeatedly. The treatment group is a control group, and was classified into saline-applied, minoxidil 5%-applied, and abelmo-applied groups. Hair growth started from the abelmo-applied and minoxidil 5% -applied groups on the 9th day, compared to the saline-applied group. Hair growth rate was 17.06% and 19.15% in those two groups, respectively, and the abelmo-applied group's hair growth rate was higher. The density, length and thickness of hair were significantly higher in the order of abelmo-applied group, minoxidil 5%-applied group and saline-applied group on the 9th day, and hair root was strongly maintained in the abelmo-applied group. The density, length and thickness of hair in the abelmo-applied group were significantly higher by 599.8, 122.2 and 181.8% on the 9th day compared to the saline-applied group, and 166.7, 171.4 and 200.2% on the 12th day, and 136.6, 216.9 and 180.7%, respectively on the 15th day. As for hair follicle and the length of hair shaft from the dosal skin histopathology manifestation, the abelmo-applied group was more excellent than the saline-applied group and minoxidil 5%-applied group. This result actually confirmed the fact that abelmo promotes hair growth and strongly maintains hair root simultaneously.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.91-96
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• 2023

Infection with enterovirus (EV) 71 is usually associated with hand-foot-and-mouth disease and herpangina. The most frequent neurologic complication is brainstem encephalitis. A 30-month-old boy visited the pediatric emergency department with fever, lethargy, and abnormal eye contact. His mental status was slightly drowsy. On hospitalization day 2, the patient experienced respiratory arrest with apnea. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral symmetric T2-high signal lesions without enhancement in the posterior aspect of the brainstem and left medial temporal lobe. Electroencephalography was indicative of diffuse cerebral dysfunction with diffuse high amplitude and irregular delta activities. He underwent a gene study and was diagnosed with myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers syndrome. We report a case of EV 71 brainstem encephalitis by polymerase chain reaction for nasopharyngeal aspirates and feces with rapid progression within one day of fever without the manifestation of throat and skin lesions because of his underlying mitochondrial disease.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.183-193
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• 2023

Balamuthia mandrillaris amebic encephalitis (BAE) can cause a fatal condition if diagnosis is delayed or effective treatment is lacking. Patients with BAE have been previously reported in 12 provinces of China, with skin lesions being the primary symptom and encephalitis developing after several years. However, a significantly lower number of cases has been reported in Southwest China. Here we report an aggressive BAE case of a 64-year-old woman farmer with a history of skin lesions on her left hand. She was admitted to our hospital due to symptoms of dizziness, headache, cough, vomiting, and gait instability. She was initially diagnosed with syphilitic meningoencephalitis and received a variety of empirical treatment that failed to improve her symptoms. Finally, she was diagnosed with BAE combined with amebic pneumonia using next-generation sequencing (NGS), qRT-PCR, sequence analysis, and imaging studies. She died approximately 3 weeks after the onset. This case highlights that the rapid development of encephalitis can be a prominent clinical manifestation of Balamuthia mandrillaris infection.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.147-157
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• 2020

Abalone, a marine organism inhabiting the west coast of Korea, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and is a resource with potential to be used in various industries such as antibiotic development and cosmetic raw materials. In this study, we chose abalone among various marine lives on the west coast. Antibacterial peptide (AMP) was separated from abalone and its derivative Ab4-7 was identified and its physiological activity was studied. The treatment of Ab4-7 in inflammatory RAW 264.7 to check the anti-inflammatory efficacy nhibited inflammatory cytokines, TLR4, TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, and iNOS and increased mRNA manifestation of HO-1, genes related to antioxidants. Based on the strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Ab4-7, the effects of Ab4-7 in the inflammatory RAW 264.7 cells were identified through RT-PCR, which regulates the gene Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMPs) that induces a variety of inflammatory skin diseases by engaging in the decomposition of the extrocellular matrix metalloproteinase (ECM). Taken together, it is concluded that Ab4-7 has a powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect and can be used as a functional material for various inflammatory skin disease treatments by controlling the genes associated with matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs).

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.205-211
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• 1982

This survey was conducted to find out demage done to the farmers by Agrochemicals in a rural area of Korea from January to October, 1980. Choon Sung Gun, Kang Won Province was the survey area and the 412 males were surveyed among all those that have sprayed agrochemicals during 10 Months in 1980. Obtained results and findings from this survey are summarized as follows; 1. The total spray days of 413 males were 3,114 days and avarage spray days per person were 7.54 days. Also avarage spray hours per person were 4.7 hours. 2. The incidence rate per 100 persons of self-recognized skin manifestation was 12.6 persons and incidence rate per spray day was 2.7 percent. The incidence rate per 100 persons of self-recognized intoxication was 23.0 persons and incidence rate per spray day was 3.6 percent. 3. In cases where mask was not used, when it was syrayed in hot weather, when stronger solution was used, the results were higher percentage in self-recognized intoxication (P<0.01). 4. The symptoms of self-recognized intoxication were headache (55.8%), dizziness (46.9%), nausea (17.7%), fatigue (17.0%), and vomiting (17.0%), 5. Number of intoxication per 100 used standardized unit by agrochemicals was parathion (93.8 spells), sumithion (91.8 spells) and folithion (66.7 spells). 6. Treatment was done by health facility utilization (27 cases), visits to drug store (13 cases) and visits to health center (7 cases).

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.67-71
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• 2004

Arsenic poisoning has three types of poisoning. First, acute arsenic poisoning is usually caused by oral intake of large amount of arsenic compound with purpose of homicide or suicide. Second, chronic arsenic poisoning is caused by inhalation of arsenic in the occupational setting or by long-term oral intake of arsenic-contaminated well water. Third, arsine poisoning occurs acutely when impurities of arsenic in non-ferrous metal react with acid. Clinical manifestation of acute arsenic poisoning is mainly gastrointestinal symptoms and cardiovascular collapse. Those of chronic poisoning are skin disorder and cancer. Arsine poisoning shows massive intravascular hemolysis and hemoglobinuria with acute renal failure. Exposure evaluation is done by analysis of arsenic in urine, blood, hair and nail. Species analysis of arsenic is very important to evaluate inorganic arsenic acid and mono methyl arsenic acid (MMA) separated from dimethyl arsenic acid (DMA) and trimethyl arsenic acid (TMA) which originate from sea weed and sea food. Treatment with dimercaprol (BAL) is effective in acute arsenic poisoning only.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.651-656
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• 2002

Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome, otherwise known as Job's syndrome, is an immune disorder characterized by an abnormal elevation of the circulating immunoglobulin E level, and recurrent infections of the skin and sinopulmonary tract. The syndrome has various pulmonary features, e.g., pneumonia, pneumatocele, pneumothorax, lung abscesses and empyema. We report a case of hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome, with various respiratory clinical manifestation. Medical therapy, including prophylactic antibiotics, has been the cornerstone for the treatment of hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome. Even if surgical intervention is required, minimal pulmonary parenchymal resection is recommended.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.124-129
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• 2017

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections mainly involve respiratory tract; however, also can manifestate other symptoms by site involved. Extrapulmonary manifestations of M. pneumoniae infection are rarely known to occur without pneumonia. Herein we report a case of a 9-year-old boy who presented with acute cholestatic hepatitis in the absence of pneumonia. Rhabdomyolysis, skin rash, and initial laboratory results suspicious of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy were also observed in this patient. M. pneumoniae infection was identified by a 4-fold increase in immunoglobulin G antibodies to M. pneumoniae between acute and convalescent sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. This is the first pediatric case in Korea of M. pneumoniae infection presenting with acute cholestatic hepatitis in the absence of pneumonia.