• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.111-121
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• 1999

Acne vulgaris, the most common skin disease. can be formed as only a few comedons or severe inflammatory lesions. The pathogenesis of acne involves various factors; excessive androgen, excessive sebum production, abnormal alteration of follicular epithelium, proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes, and inflammation. We investigated acne therapy using oriental herbs described in the Korean traditional medical book(Dong-ui-bo-gam). Oriental herbs(Angelica daurica, Arctium lappa, Coptidis rhizoma, and Glycyrrhiza glabra) were chosen based on their respective property of sebum control, anti-inflammatory activity, and anti-bacterial activity. We examined the effect of acne treatment, in terms of chemotactic inhibition, lipogenesis inhibition, and anti-bacterial activity for P. acnes. 1. Neutrophil chemotaxis assay; P. acnes secrete chemotactic factors and other pro-inflammatory extracellular products. Neutrophil chemotactic activity of P. acnes was measured by 48-well chemotaxis method. Angelica daurica clearly suppressed chemotactic activity of P. acnes. 2. Using sebaceous gland of hamster ear lipogenesis assay; Sebaceous lipogenesis was measured using ear biopsies by incubation or $C^{14}$-acetate in culture media. The $C^{14}$-labeled lipids were extracted and determined by liquid scintilation counting. Coptidis rhizoma markedly inhibited sebum production. 3. Anti-bacterial assay for P. acnes(MIC test); Glycyrrhiza glabra showed anti-bacterial activity. P. acnes did not develop resistance against Glycyrrhiza glabra. Retinoids are effectively to inhibit sebum production and regulate follicular keratinization process, with little anti-inflammatory activity. Angelica daurica suppressed neutrophil chemotaxis, Coptidis rhizoma inhibited sebum production, and Glycyrrhiza glabra showed anti-bacterial activity against P. acnes. A combined formulation of Angelica daurica, Coptidis rhizoma. and Glycyrrhiza glabra is expected to provide effective acne treatment.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book II
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• pp.370-378
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• 2003

MFD (Make up Film Deterioration) is a gradual deterioration of applied make up and is a common problem experienced by most foundation users. Our investigation revealed that for 64% of all make up users MFD is their greatest consern is using foundations. Known that the primary cause of MFD is sebum secretion. We observed that the length of time prior to onset of MFD in people who produce high level of sebum varies significantly from person to person. This suggests that other factors besides quantity of sebum production can affect MFD. Control over this factor would, we believe, be key to developing longer-lasting makeups. We studied the relationship between MFD and skin surface conditions. Our study revealed that furrows on the skin surface affect MFD significantly. Sebum reaches the skin surface from sebaceous glands and flows along furrow on the skin. If there are many deep furrows, it takes longer for sebum to overflow. But if the furrows are few or shallow, sebum quickly overflows and spreads over the skin surface where it can degrade the make up film. Therefore even when the volume of sebum produced is the same, the rate of MFD will be different depending on the number and shape of the furrows. A longer-lasting foundation could be produced by matching personal skin condition, but this would be very difficult because individual variations in texture are very large. Therefore we approached the problem by attempting to impose sebum resistance in under make up and foundation. We have developed two new materials and make up products based on our theory. A new fluoroalkyl acrylate-methacrylates copolymer designed for incorporation in under make up is extremely sebum resistant and sweat proof. Another new acrylate polymer designed for inclusion in foundation absorbs sebum and changes to a solid. Usage tests confirm it is possible to reduce MFD by using under make up and foundation which incorporate our new materials to cover where skin furrows are few or shallow

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.225-232
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• 1999

Construction case of PRD (Percussion Rotary Drill) pipe pile and matters to be attended in construction of PRD pile were reviewed. The compressive and uplifting static pile load tests for PRD piles were performed and, also, analysis by Pile Driving Analyzer was done. Based on these results, bearing components in each resisting part (that is: steel toe, external skin, and internal skin) were measured separately. The measured resisting force was compared to the value calculated by the estimated formula. The pile capacity was mobilized in steel toe area and the external skin friction and the internal friction were not produced. Thus, it could be considered that toe of PRD pile should be supported in hard bearing stratum (for example, the fresh soft rock).

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.247-258
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• 2002

This paper presents a non-isotropic turbulence modeling of flows over bedforms. The Reynolds stress model is used for the turbulence closure. In the model, Launder, Reece, and Rodi's model and Hanjalic and Launder's model are employed f3r the pressure strain correlation term and the diffusion term, respectively. The mean flow and turbulence structures are simulated and compared with profiles measured in the experiments. The numerical solutions from two-equation turbulence models are also provided for comparisons. The Reynolds stress model yields the separation length of eddy similar to the other numerical results. Using the developed model, the resistance coefficients are also estimated for the flows at different Froude numbers. Karim's (1999) relationship is used to determine the bedform geometry. It is found that the values of the form drag and the skin friction are very similar to those obtained by the other turbulence models. meaning higher values of the form drag and lower values of the skin friction compared with the empirical formulas.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 한국건축시공학회 2014년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.74-75
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• 2014

In remodeling business or construction of both new strucures and existing structures, Case that pile foundation was set is often. Micro pile, holding compressive force and tensile force by spherical friction, is supported by skin friction rather than end bearing capacity. but, This is weak in tension. Active area of micro pile's skin friction is narrow and micro pile don't do unification behavior hence. So bearing capacity was not fully mobilized in existing researching. In this study, in order to compensate for this method, micro pile to install Resisting Fixture is proposed.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.35-52
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• 2007

The cold formed light-gauge profiled steel sheeting can offer considerable shear resistance acting in the steel building frame. This paper conducted the full-scale test on the shear behavior of stressed skin diaphragm using profiled sheeting connected by the self-tapping screws. A three-dimensional finite element model that simulates the stressed skin diaphragm was developed. The sheet was modeled using thin element model while the supporting members were simulated using beam elements. Fasteners were represented in the numerical model as equivalent springs. A joint test program was conducted to characterize the properties of these springs and results were reported in this study. Finite element model of the full-scale test was analyzed by use of the ANSYS package, considering nonlinearity caused by the large deflection and slip of fasteners. The experimental data was compared with the results acquired by the EUR formulas and finite element analysis.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.319-324
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• 2011

This study aims to investigate statistical variations and relationships of blood pressure (BP), phtotplethysmography (PPG) and cardiovascular parameters on changes in local skin surface temperature (SST) during gradual cooling and heating. Results showed that local SST changes affected the Finometer BP, the PPG waveforms and total peripheral resistance, but not oscillometric BP, heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output. Therefore, in order to reduce for the errors, temperatures should be controlled or compensated when components of the PPG waveform are used to evaluate cardiovascular status in temperature variation environments.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 대한전자공학회 1999년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.563-566
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• 1999

The functional diagnosis instrument should be preceded first to both the accurate selection of exact acupoint and discrimination. so the measuring and stimulating method are improved to SPAC pattern to evaluate impedance existed in the body. As a result, the resistance factor between skin and probe, the dipolization of cell was reduced so that the judgement of acupoint is advanced. After extraction of optimization parameter of SPAC pattern which the high discrimination efficiency and the lowest affection on the human body is controlled by using microprocessor to enhance conviction. The discrimination efficiency was confirmed by meridian visualization system. Also mechanism of probe was improved to increase efficiency of image recognition processing. The image of discriminated acupoint with probe is obtained by using a camera, the location on the tip of probe is recognized and processed. And then these are converted to virtual color by proportional to measuring current level of scan point on skin.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(5)
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• pp.129-132
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• 2002

In this paper, we describe a millimeter-wave radiation system developed for stimulating acupuncture points, and an analyzing system developed for monitoring the change of physiological signals after the stimulation such as ECG, skin temperature, skin potential and skin resistance. The systems are to be used to investigate the treatment efficacy and biological effects of the millimeter-wave, and eventually, can be used to study the acupuncture meridian system theory in the traditional Korean medicine.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.295-303
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• 1989

This study is to measure the thermal resistance of 7 types of Parka of different materials with thermal manikin and to compare their effects on physiological responses & subjective wear sensations. Following are the results obtained from the experiments 1) From the thermal manikin experiment, i) As an outer layer, although not significant, water proof fabric was warmer than water proof-vapor permeable fabric. ii) In case of insulating material, down was better for thermal resistance than polyester wadding of the same thickness. Moreover, as the down was thicker, it had more efficiency in thermal resistance. However, the marginal efficiency of thickness was found to be decreasing. 2) From the male-subject experiments, i) Chest temperature, mean skin temperature & microclimate temperature showed the same results on thermal resistance as those of the thermal manikin experiment. ii) Only during rest periods, there was a significant difference among 5 insulating materials in the sense of microclimate humidity. The almost same conclusion was obtained from the above experiments. Even the outer layer did not significantly affect thermal resistance & subjective wear sensation, insulating materials had a significant influence upon them. But in case of 3.5 cm down, it gave less comfortable than that of the thinner. Therefore the optional one for the best comfort & thermal resistance among 7 combinatins is the outer layer of water proff-vapor permeable & insulating material of 2.1 cm down.