• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2008

Purpose : With a view to providing basic data to develop basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation education suitable for female college students, the basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation education was conducted to grasp students' knowledge, skill accuracy and the attitude change before and after the education. Methods : Convenience sampling was made on first graders(total-38 students) of K college located in K city, Chungcheongnam-do, and this was a preliminary research designed before and after choosing a single group. In terms of methods, the researchers as specified ; 1) Handed out questionnaires to students directly to make them fill in firsthand and collected the questionnaires. 2) Utilized Power Point materials based on 2005 AHA guideline and used Anne/Skill Reporter$^{(R)}$ torso produced by Leardal Inc, and Little Anne$^{(R)}$ to conduct practical education individually. 3) Asked students to give Anne/Skill Reporter$^{(R)}$ torso basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation five times with the ratio of 30:2, and then one of researchers filled in the evaluation sheet individually. 4) Evaluated the accuracy of students' ability to perform the resuscitation based on the record of Anne/Skill Reporter$^{(R)}$ integrated printer(which was the objective tool to grasp students' skills accuracy). 5) Gave out questionnaires to make students fill them in and then collected them, after completing the practical evaluation. Results : 1) In case of the attitude(confidence) about basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation, students' confidency rose from 14%(before the education) to 55.5%(after the education)- which was a positive change. 2) In case of the attitude(educational necessity) about basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation, students' confidency rose from 94.7%(before the education) to 100%(after the education)- which was a positive change. 3) As a result of the education, some female college students' scored knowledge about basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The average point also reached 88.95%(after the education), jump from 63.51%(before the education), which was the rise of 25.44%. 4) Regarding skill accuracy, pressure accuracy(%)($M{\pm}SD=91.37{\pm}14.16$) was higher than respiration accuracy(%)($M{\pm}SD=61.55{\pm}26.13$). Conclusion : The result showed that students' attitude(confidence, on basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation changed positively, and meaningful difference(p= .000) existed in the change of students' knowledge. Anne/Skill Reporter$^{(R)}$ performance showed that the accuracy of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation was lower than that of chest compression.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.729-738
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 골프 퍼팅 시 숙련자와 초보자의 시각형태에 따른 운동학적 변인과 임펙트 시 퍼터 헤드의 정확성에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 밝히는 것이다. 초보자 5명과 KPGA 세미프로 이상의 자격을 가진 5명의 선수들이 실험에 참여하였다. 3대의 카메라를 이용한 APAS(Ariel Performance Analysis System) 동작분석 시스템을 이용하여 퍼터헤드의 정확성과 운동학적 변인을 구하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 퍼팅 시 볼의 정확성, 운동학적 분석의 결과를 토대로 볼 때, 숙련자 집단에서는 퍼팅 시 시선형태가 전혀 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이는 곧 숙련자 집단의 경우 장기간의 연습을 통해 관절 동작이 고정되어 있어 기계적인 스트로크를 한다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 하지만, 초보자 집단의 경우 시선형태에 따른 퍼팅 양쪽 모두 어느 정도의 장 단점을 가지고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 퍼터헤드의 변위가 속도보다 정확성에 더 큰 영향이 미치는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2007

Purpose: With a view to providing basic data to develop cardiopulmonary resuscitation education suitable for elementary students, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation education was conducted to grasp students' knowledge, skills accuracy and the attitude change before and after the education. Methods: Convenience sampling was made on fourth and fifth graders(total-35 students) of S elementary school located in K city, Chungcheongnam-do, and this was a pre-experiment research designed before and after choosing a single group. In terms of methods, specifically we, researchers ; 1) Handed out questionnaires to students directly to make them fill in firsthand and collected the questionnaires. 2) Utilized PPT materials based on 2005 AHA guideline and DVD materials of AHA, to give students theoretical education of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We used Anne/SkillReporter$^{(R)}$ torso produced by Leardal Inc, and Little Anne to conduct practical education individually. 3) Asked students to give Anne/SkillReporter$^{(R)}$ torso cardiopulmonary resuscitation five times with the ratio of 30 : 2, and then one of researchers filled in the evaluation sheet individually. 4) Evaluated the accuracy of students' ability to perform the resuscitation based on the record of Anne/SkillReporter$^{(R)}$ integrated printer(which was the objective tool to grasp students' skills accuracy). 5) Gave out questionnaires to make students fill them in and then collected them. after completing the practical evaluation. Results: 1) In case of the attitude about cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Students' confidency rose from 19.28%(before the education) to 93.57(after the education)- which is a positive change. 2) As the result of the education, some elementary students scored 11 points (full score-16 points), up from 5 points before the education, in terms of the knowledge about cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The average point also reached 13.14 points(after the education), jump from 8.37(before the education), which was the rise of 29.8%. 3) When it comes to the practical performance, the skills accuracy was 80.93% on average, and the calculation method was as follows: total items were 16, and each item was marked form 0 to 2 points, meaning the full score was 32 points. The minimum score was 19 points and the maximum was 32($M{\pm}SD=25.90{\pm}2.88$), which was calculated based on percentage. 4) Regarding skills accuracy, respiration accuracy(%)($M{\pm}SD=30.20{\pm}27.16$) was higher than pressure accuracy(%) ($M{\pm}SD=15.34{\pm}25.27$). Conclusion: The result showed that students' attitude on cardiopulmonary resuscitation changed positively. and meaningful difference(p = .00) existed in the change of students' knowledge. In terms of skills accuracy. chest compression and airway control showed high accuracy, but the result of Anne/SkillReporter$^{(R)}$ performance showed that the accuracy of chest compression was lower than that of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2017

컴퓨터게임은 재미를 위해 지속적으로 유저의 몰입상태를 유지시켜야 한다. 몰입이론에 따르면 몰입상태의 유지는 유저의 게임숙련도와 게임 난이도의 계속적인 균형을 요구한다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 제로섬 게임을 가정할 수 있는 캐주얼 액션게임에 적용할 수 있는 9등급 수준의 게임숙련도 평가방법을 제안하였고 부가적으로 유저가 경험한 9등급 수준의 게임난이도 추측방법을 제안하였다. 제안하는 방법은 조건별 수학식에 의한 판정방법이기 때문에 신속하고 쉽게 구현이 가능하다. 커스터마이징한 팩맨게임에 대해 제안하는 방법의 정확성을 실험해본 결과 숙련도의 정확성은 평균적으로 1.2등급의 차이가 나타났고 난이도의 정확성은 평균적으로 1.81등급 차이가 나타났다. 실험결과를 통해 제안하는 방법을 제로섬 조건을 만족하는 캐주얼 액션 게임에 적용할 수 있는 정확성을 갖고 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.165-172
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• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 가슴압박소생술(cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CPR)의 숙련도에 따른 목근육에 근긴장도와 근경직 차이를 확인하기 위해 실시되었다. 연구대상자는 20대 여학생 30명으로 숙련자군과 비숙련자군 각각 15명이었다. 연구결과, 숙련자군은 가슴압박 수행 후 손잡기(hand grip)의 위손쪽 아랫목근육의 근경직과 위등세모근의 근긴장도가 유의하게 감소되었다(p<.05). 비숙련자군은 가슴압박 후 양쪽 위등세모근의 근긴장도와 근경직이 모두 유의하게 감소되었지만(p<.05) 연구군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 그리고, 비숙련자군은 숙련자군과 비교하여 가슴압박 수행 후 평균압박속도, 총압박횟수, 가슴압박 정확도, 가슴이완 정확도가 유의하게 낮았다(p<.05). 이 연구를 통해 가슴압박은 수행자의 목근육에 근생리학적 영향을 미치지만, CPR 숙련도에 따른 차이는 없으며, 숙련도는 CPR 정확성에 중요한 요소인 것을 확인하였다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.59-75
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to verify the validity and reliability for the Test of Oral Reading and Comprehension Skill (Gardner, 2000) for Korean lower level elementary school children. Subjects were 122 first to third grade students, tested individually. The vocabulary and comprehension sub-tests of K-WISC III and the reading comprehension test of Basic Academic Skills Assessment (Kim, 2000) were used to verify concurrent validity. Internal reliability was determined by internal consistency coefficients. Results verified concurrent validity. Test scores differed significantly by grade level. Test reliability was also confirmed. In conclusion, the Oral Reading and Comprehension Skill Test (Gardner, 2000) is reliable and valid for examination of reading comprehension skills for Korean lower level elementary school children.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.219-229
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• 2022

본 연구는 백-밸브마스크 술기교육에 호흡량측정기를 활용한 중재 효과를 평가하기 위한 연구이다. 본 연구의 목적은 호흡량측정기를 적용한 중재군과 적용하지 않은 대조군의 백-밸브마스크 술기의 정확도를 비교하여 호흡량측정기를 활용한 백-밸브마스크 술기교육에 의한 일회 환기량 제공 개선 효과를 파악하여 술기교육 방안을 모색하기 위한 기초자료를 마련하고자 실시하였다. 중재군 30명, 대조군 30명으로 총 60명을 대상으로 한 본 연구에서 교육 전·후 일회환기량 정상범위 대상자 수를 비교하면 중재군의 정상범위 백분율은 교육 전 32.8%, 교육 후 86.7% 이었으며, 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 대조군도 교육 전 20.0%, 교육 후 34.7% 이었으며, 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 일회환기량 정상범위 포함 횟수의 영향요인을 알아보기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 성별(10.305, 1.20-87.98), 소방실습경험(31.674, 1.25-805.16), 중재여부(92.750, 4.58-1879.69)가 유의한 영향 요인이었다. 이 연구를 통해 백-밸브마스크를 이용한 교육에 호흡량측정기를 활용한 중재가 효과적이었다는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 향후 응급구조(학)과 전공 학생 교육에 반영할 것을 검토할 필요가 있다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.213-223
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• 2016

본 연구는 경직형 뇌성마비 아동 30명을 대상으로 출생직후 섭식문제를 해결하기 위해 사용되는 비위관이 이후 아동의 섭식발달에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 살펴보았다. 2015년 7월 1일부터 8월 30일까지 뇌성마비 아동을 대상으로 조음능력을 평가하고 주양육자를 통한 섭식능력에 대한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 또한 섭식능력이 조음능력에 미치는 영향에 대해 살펴보았다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 20.0을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 비위관의 사용여부는 조음정확도에 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 또한 섭식능력을 평가하는 문항 중 유동식 섭취가능여부, 섭식을 위한 특별한 방법과 도구사용여부, 깨물어 씹기 가능여부는 이후 조음정확도와 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과 초기 섭식능력의 일부 영역은 이후 조음능력에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보이며 예방적 차원의 접근과 조기개입이 적극적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.84.2-84.2
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• 2015

There are probabilistic forecast models for solar flare occurrence, which can be evaluated by various skill scores (e.g. accuracy, critical success index, heidek skill score, true skill score). Since these skill scores assume that two types of forecast errors (i.e. false alarm and miss) are equal or constant, which does not take into account different situations of users, they may be unrealistic. In this study, we make an evaluation of a probabilistic flare forecast model (Lee et al. 2012) which use sunspot groups and its area changes as a proxy of flux emergence. We calculate daily solar flare probabilities from 1996 to 2014 using this model. Overall frequencies are 61.08% (C), 22.83% (M), and 5.44% (X). The maximum probabilities computed by the model are 99.9% (C), 89.39% (M), and 25.45% (X), respectively. The skill scores are computed through contingency tables as a function of forecast probability, which corresponds to the maximum skill score depending on flare class and type of a skill score. For the critical success index widely used, the probability threshold values for contingency tables are 25% (C), 20% (M), and 4% (X). We use a value score with cost/loss ratio, relative importance between the two types of forecast errors. We find that the forecast model has an effective range of cost/loss ratio for each class flare: 0.15-0.83(C), 0.11-0.51(M), and 0.04-0.17(X), also depending on a lifetime of satellite. We expect that this study would provide a guideline to determine the probability threshold for space weather forecast.

• 천문학회보
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.80.1-80.1
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• 2016

There are probabilistic forecast models for solar flare occurrence, which can be evaluated by various skill scores (e.g. accuracy, critical success index, heidek skill score, and true skill score). Since these skill scores assume that two types of forecast errors (i.e. false alarm and miss) are equal or constant, which does not take into account different situations of users, they may be unrealistic. In this study, we make an evaluation of a probabilistic flare forecast model [Lee et al., 2012] which use sunspot groups and its area changes as a proxy of flux emergence. We calculate daily solar flare probabilities from 2011 to 2014 using this model. The skill scores are computed through contingency tables as a function of forecast probability, which corresponds to the maximum skill score depending on flare class and type of a skill score. We use a value score with cost/loss ratio, relative importance between the two types of forecast errors. The forecast probability (y) is linearly changed with the cost/loss ratio (x) in the form of y=ax+b: a=0.88; b=0 (C), a=1.2; b=-0.05(M), a=1.29; b=-0.02(X). We find that the forecast model has an effective range of cost/loss ratio for each class flare: 0.536-0.853(C), 0.147-0.334(M), and 0.023-0.072(X). We expect that this study would provide a guideline to determine the probability threshold and the cost/loss ratio for space weather forecast.