• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual usefulness and consciousness of bathrooms and to clarify the preference of bathroom plans by apartments dwellers in Jeonju City. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires and 343 apartments dwellers were used for this study. The major results are as follows. The bathroom types were mostly unit bathrooms and were not suited with using bathrooms of apartments dwellers. The unit type of bathroom was not comfortable for them and most of them were not satisfied with their bathrooms. They usually used family bathroom instead of private bathroom. They wanted a separate space for different facilities such as a bathtub and toilet, a dressing room, and a fixed clothes chest. Generally apartments dwellers did not prefer unit bathrooms, prefering instead the bathroom plan with separate rooms for the bathroom and toilet, with space for dressing. This study suggests that further studies be conducted on apartments dwellers in other big, small and medium-sized cities. Also, it is necessary to offer bathroom plans which take the size of houses and bathrooms, and the number of bathrooms into account and to survey housing consumers' satisfaction of those bathroom plans.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analyze the safety issues with regard to architectural elements in housing. Causes of accidents and threats to health are reviewed for 'safety' aspects. Threats to health tend to draw more attention due to recent increase of SHS and its public perceptions. The majority of victims by accidents in residential houses are on juveniles aged under 14 in bathrooms and living rooms. Non-slip finish materials are recommended to floors for access and circulation and protective pads to furniture edges. Colored glass may increase the safety of the windows in the living room. Handles and non-slip mats will be a good addition for the safety. Human scale design of the kitchen system is mandatory and appropriate size of storages for hazardous equipment are to be provided. Passive air ventilation for better air quality by dwellers in residence is occasionally used whereas large-scale apartments provide mechanical ventilation to supplement the volume of fresh air. Since the internal air quality is proved one of the major causes of atopic and respiratory diseases, steady effort to achive better air quality utilizing appropriate materials, plants and equipment is mandatory. Frequent cleaning and the use of anti-fungus materials are necessary because House Dust Mites are believed to be one of main causes of such diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.28-42
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• 1996

The purposes of this sturfy were 1) to examine the difference between cognitive and actual age, 2) to understand apparel shopping orientations and the importance of store attributes related to cognitive age and 3) to identify relationship.; between apparel shopping orientations and importance of store attribute, ; in cognitively younger and older groups For the study, questionnaires were administered to 450 elderly women over 55 years of age. The questionnaires were designed to mea, ;ore apparel shopping orientations (hedonic, store loyal and brand conscious, careful and planned, confidented and independent, and economic shopping), importance of store attributes, cognitive age and demographics. Using a base of 204 women, data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t-test and correlation coeffictents. The results of this study weve summarized as follows. 1. The older women saw themselves on average 6. 6 years younger than they really were 77.6% of the respondents blieved themselves to be cognitively younger 2 Cognitively younger women were more hedonic and less carefull and planned than cognitively older women in apparel Shopping. 3. Cognitively older women thought that proximity and private dressing rooms in apparel stores were mote important attributes than cognitively younger women. In terms of apparel store attributes, older consumers placed importances on product quality, fit and size, design suited to their age, attractive price, and the availability to return unsatisfactory products, in orders.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.6 no.3 s.13
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• pp.89-108
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• 1997

This study has been researched mainly about the gradual changing patterns of site plan and plan layout of 17 sampling traditional houses in kyungpuk province during the time period of 1877-1945. The objective of this study is to closely examine the characteristics of locality and trend of the times. Survey and Measured drawing, personal interviews with clients has been carried out and the result is as down below; 1.The certain changes have shown that the furnace in sarangchae(outer wing for men) in ㅁ shaped and ${\ulcorner}$ ${\lrcorner}$ shaped houses served only for that purpose and inner gate has been built in sideward of sarangchae. 2.As living standard was upgraded storage space and size of the rooms got bigger. On the other hand, spacial formation was emphasized by its function accordding to house activities and living circulation because the family members in direct line became reality of the time. 3.The modernistic thought of rationalism and convenience are well expressed in the plan layout and house living as a whole.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.85-96
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to (md out the characteristics of the residential house in Ulleung Island in terms of building materials, structure and construction method, structural design by actual field surveys. This study found several facts; First, the house was classified into the log house and mud-wall house according to building material for wall structure. The log house prevailed in the early days of the settlement in the island because of affulent timber materials available around. However, the mud wall house became a popular type in later days because of the depletion of timber materials. Second, the Udeki wall was an unique installation reflecting the severe climate conditions of Ulleung Island. However, many aspects of the Udeki wall was changed according to the change of living style and the introduction of modem heating systems in terms of its function, size, building material, layout position etc. Third, the roofing material also has been changed from materials available locally to slate materials transported from the mainland. Fourth, the bamboo slender-ribbed door as a single-swing door type was popular and later time the single-sliding door or three ribbed door was widely used in rooms installed later instead. Fifth, the roof was placed over the room, kitchen, and Chukdam (outer wall) and this was a resonable way to cope with heavy snowfalls in the winter season in Ulleung Island.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

This study investigated current status of lighting environment, residents' awareness of lighting and lighting use according to behavior in the living room of apartment to determine current lighting trends and their related problems. The living rooms of newly-built apartment units(133~165[$m^2$] and larger than 166[$m^2$] within the past five years) were examined. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Resident satisfaction with current living room lighting was the highest in 'illumination' and the lowest was 'energy savings' regardless of the size of living room. 2. This kind of ceiling lighting layout, 133~165[$m^2$] unit used central lighting and larger than 166[$m^2$] units used central lighting and cove lighting. Regarding light sources, 133~165[$m^2$] linear FL, halogen, larger than 166[$m^2$] bulb-type FL are widely used. LED are now being found in the living room corridor and kitchen walls of newly-built apartment houses. 3. Watching TV and reading books were commonly behaved in the living room. Conversations between family, having desserts, resting, housekeeping, and entertaining were usually done weekdays, while having desserts and conversations between family were done weekends. Use of lighting as main behaviors is properly and differently required due to the distinct uses of lighting as residents' behaviors or their life style.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.41-50
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• 2015

Increasing size and complexity of indoor structures have led to much more complication in the spatial cognition and situational awareness. Contrary to outdoor environments, occupants have limited information regarding the indoor space syntax in terms of architectural and semantic information as well as how they interact with their surroundings. The availability of such information could give conveniences to both users and managers in various aspects. In order to visualize the exact location of rooms and utilities in 3D, many studies and projects have utilized BIM models because of its promising value of representing building components. In fact, the application of BIM provides definitive spatial indoor data and creates services for indoor space management and navigation. Therefore, this paper aims to provide an overview of practices on BIM-based indoor spatial information implementation and location-based services. It is expected that enabling of technologies, data-rich content and accessibility of information products will accelerate the growth of the spatially-related markets in various fields.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.115-124
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual usefulness of bathrooms and to clarify the preference of bathroom plans by college students in Jeonju City. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires and 315 college students were used for this study. The major results are as follows. The bathroom types were mostly unit bathrooms and were not suited with using bathrooms of college students. The college students usually used unit bathrooms individually for stool and showering. The unit type of bathroom was not comfortable for them and, therefore, most of them were not satisfied with their bathrooms. They wanted a separate space for different facilities such as a bathtub and toilet, a dressing room, and a fixed clothes chest. Generally the college students did not prefer unit bathrooms, but the bathroom plan with separate rooms for the bathroom and toilet, with space for dressing. This study suggests that further studies be conducted on college students in other big, small and medium-sized cities. Also, it is necessary to offer bathroom plans which take the size of houses and bathrooms, and the number of bathrooms into account and to survey housing consumers' satisfaction of those bathroom plans.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.13
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• pp.117-123
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to examine the current interior conditions of kindergarten and to suggest the interior planning guidelines. Data were collected through questionniare survey including observations and interviews. The sample consisted of 262 kindergarten teachers in Pusav. The data were analyzed by using SPSS-PC. The major findings were as follows: (1) Interior finishes should be chosen based on children's behavioral and developmental characteristics. (2) Considering children's safety and teachers' easy access and observation, classrooms and teachers' room should be located at the first floor, and the public spaces such as playroom and assembly room should be located at the top floor because of noise and circulation problem. (3) The size fo the classroom should be increased based on children's age. (4) The teachers were generally satisfied with location, color, and finishes of each room. There was a significant difference between satisfaction of overall characteristics of rooms and theclasses that teachers are in charge of. (5) Children's developmental characteristics can be an important factor when designing a space for childrev. Even though there were some limitations on this study, the findings can be utilized as a basis for generating interior environmental recommendations for planning a better quality of kindergartev.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.37-42
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• 2014

The objective of the study is to find out the faculty members' perspective of most and least preferred parameters affecting the quality of education in an affiliated undergraduate engineering institution in Haryana, India. It is a descriptive research. The data has been collected with the help of Questionnaire Based Survey. The sample size for the study is 110. The respondents are the faculty members teaching B. Tech who were selected randomly from the above said geographical area. For data analysis and conclusion of the results of the survey, statistical tool like factor analysis was performed in SPSS. The most preferred aspects of the institution by the faculty members are: a secured Wi-Fi facility is well channelized to provide easy access, library is well equipped, faculty can visit the library with ease whenever they find time, toilets for the faculty are hygienic and in adequate number, parking facility for the faculty vehicle is spacious, adequate Industry Institute Interaction for the faculty development etc. The least preferred aspects of the institution by the faculty members are: faculty / staff rooms are spacious, well furnished and adequate in number, and working relationships between the Head of Departments and their faculty members are synchronized.