• KIEAE Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2017

Purpose: Many design index that are using in planning phase have been developed. The most popular things among them are Window to Wall Ratio and Surface to Volume Ratio. However there are some limits. Window to Wall Ratio cannot consider building size and Surface to Volume Ratio cannot do Window to Wall Ratio. Accordingly, in this paper, the Window to Floor Ratio was proposed that it can be considered both building size and Window to Wall Ratio. And analyzed correlation of energy demand. Method: For the test, 16 modules with the size of $6m{\times}6m{\times}4m$ were used to make 35 models with the same volume. The simulation was conducted to 945 cases using the window-to-wall ratio of 30, 50 and 70 % in three areas such as Seoul, Gwangju and Jeju and three kinds of windows. And IES_VE was used. Result: The findings above show that the Window to Floor Ratio that can be considered both building size and Window area have to become as design index. It was found out that design criteria with SHGC is necessary, not with the thermal performance (U-value). It is needed to additional analysis about residential building and the effect of 24-hours heating and cooling condition. It plans to carry out research to establish design indicators for climatic conditions in the country and building applications.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.28-37
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to suggest improvement plans of School Green Building Certification System by comparing items of domestic system with those of foreign system. Especially, we focused on school use classification. Use classification of Green Building Certification System must be based on Building Codes and reflect the nature of building use and size. Schools are divided into three groups ; preschool, school(elementary, junior high school, high school), university and ect. Also they must be set up assessment method reflecting the nature of school use and size.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2009

In building demolition work, major dust-generating activities are blasting concrete and rock. The aim of this study was to find the characteristic of particle size of dusts which were generated during building demolition work using explosion. The DustMate of the Turnkey-Instruments Ltd. was used for particulate size-selective sampling of the four sites. TSP(Total Suspended Particle), PM10(Particle Matter $10{\mu}m$), PM2.5(Particle Matter $2.5{\mu}m$), and PM1.0(Particle Matter $1.0{\mu}m$) were measured during building demolition work using explosion. The large particulate (higher than the diameter $10{\mu}m$) showed to be higher than 50%. The particulate ranged from $10{\mu}m\;to\;2.5{\mu}m$ showed about 30-40%. PM2.5 was not scarcely detected in the samples collected for building demolition work using explosion. We conclude that the dust generated during building demolition work using explosion has not most respirable particulate.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.101-108
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• 2013

The purpose of this research was to analyze the correlation of residential satisfaction and the size of housing unit in apartment housing through the case study of 1,619 samples of 36 housing estates. The contents of this research consisted of two main parts. The first part was to identify the differences of residential satisfaction of dwellers, based on the size of housing unit, in apartment housing. The second part was to analyze the characteristics of residential environment, which might have an influence on the differences of residential satisfaction. the findings of this study were that the residential satisfaction of dwellers was proportional to the size of housing unit except $39m^2$ under housing unit, and the size of housing unit was not proportional to the residential satisfaction of outdoor openness exactly, but the size of housing unit was proportional to increase of the distance between building and building, and decrease of the building surface coverage ratio to outdoor area. This research will contribute to the establishment of the site planning methods which increase residential satisfaction in apartment housing, while promoting the quality of residential environment in Korea.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.443-445
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• 2001

As the new large buildings are continuously being built with the advanced technology and skills, an adequate size of electric room needs to be obtained so that engineers establish an efficient and reliable system in the electric room. Considering the current capacity, its expansion and its connecting system, the final size of it should be determined in order to bring an effective use of the building. Usually the extension of electricity capacity is on the increase after construction and it comes from the lack of scientific evaluation on the electric room. Later when the expansion of computer and important electric equipment that needs much capacity is impossible, it will cause a great deal of damage to the renting business of the building as well as becomes the unstable factors of the whole system. Therefore, it is important to have the exact method of calculating the effective size of electric room, the heart of the building, especially when the value of land price is very high. In addition, it should be calculated in an accurate way due to the diversification of the system and the compact size of the electricity equipment. However, the research on this area and the comparison and evaluation of the size after construction have not been made enough and the results of them have not been applied when calculating a new size of electric room. Accordingly, this study examines three methods prescribed in the standards of electricity installation technology through case analysis and suggests substantial data by system, capacity, and purpose.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.79-82
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• 2007

Recently, the use of ALC has became increasingly popular. ALC is a unique building material. Because of its cellular nature, it is lightweight, self-insulating, sound and fireproof, as well as insect and mold resistant. Furthermore, ALC is free of VOCs and various fibers associated with wood and glass wool construction. However, ALC have high water absorption, low compressive strength and popout the origin of the low surface strength in its properties. These properties make troubles under construction such as cracking and popout. Thus, this study is to improve the fundamental strength by controls of increasing of admixtures, and grain size. Admixtures make use of metakaolin, silica fume, sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. From the test result, the ALC using admixture have a good fundamental properties compared with plain specimen. Compressive strength, specific strength and abrasion's ratio were improved depending on increasing admixtures ratio's, and grain size.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.137-151
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• 2017

The space between urban buildings becomes a waterway during rain events and requires a boundary condition in numerical calculations on grids to separate overland storm flows from building areas. Minimization of the building data distortion as a boundary condition is a necessary step for generating accurate calculation results. A building generalization is used to reduce the distortion of building shapes and areas during a raster conversion. The objective of this study was to provide the appropriate threshold value for building generalization and grid size in a numerical calculation. The impact of building generation on the connectivity of urban storm waterways were analyzed for a general residential area. The building generalization threshold value and the grid size for numerical analysis were selected as the independent variables for analysis, and the number and area of sinks were used as the dependent variables. The values for the building generalization threshold and grid size were taken as the optimal values to maximize the building area and minimize the sink area. With a 3 m generalization threshold, sets of $5{\times}5m$ to $10{\times}10m$ caused 5% less building area and 94.4% more sink area compared to the original values. Two sites representing general residential area types 2 and 3 were used to verify building generalization thresholds for improving the connectivity of storm waterways. It is clear that the recommended values are effective for reducing the distortion in both building and sink areas.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.51-54
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• 2002

This study is intended to investigate an influence of the kinds and the maximum size of aggregate on the compressive strength of small size core specimen. According to the results, the compressive strength of standard specimen is large in order of basalt, granite and limestone aggregate, and shows increasing tendency as the maximum size of aggregate grows large. The compressive strength of concrete using basalt aggregate shows similar tendency to granite aggregate, and that of concrete using limestone aggregate decreases slightly, compared with granite aggregate. The reducing ratio of the compressive strength of 25mm core specimen is least when the maximum size of aggregate is 10mm. But the compressive strength of 50 and 100mm core specimen is almost not influenced by the maximum size of aggregate.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.26
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• pp.57-63
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• 2001

The aim of this study is to measure sensitivity reaction of human being with a physical properties of color and average size of particle for building materials and predict the influence of color and average size of particle in evaluation of building materials. As a results, 1) In results of qualitative evaluation construction, all 16 adjectives were extracted by higher evaluation items and ,total 14 adjectives were extracted as evaluation adjectives except adjectives of a contrary concept in each other. 2) According to the result of factor analysis, all 4 group of $\ulcirner$potency$\lrcirner$, $\ulcirner$activity$\lrcirner$, $\ulcirner$evaluation$\lrcirner$, $\ulcirner$warmness$\lrcirner$ were extracted. In this time, $\ulcirner$potency$\lrcirner$ as the first factor indicates the most hign original value. Consequently, $\ulcirner$potency$\lrcirner$ factor have an hign influence in evaluation of building materials. 3) As a influence analysis of evaluation variable by evaluation item $\ulcirner$potency$\lrcirner$ factor have an high influence by influence of average size of a particle, $\ulcirner$activity$\lrcirner$ factor have influence hignly by influence of brightness, $\ulcirner$evaluation$\lrcirner$ factor have an hign influence by influence of average site of a particle and the hue, $\ulcirner$warmness$\lrcirner$ factor have an hign influence mainly by influence of the hue

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.128-129
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• 2016

This study is to categorize the loading of multiple persons on a vertical building elements into three types to test the size of crowd pressure under each loading patterns. The loading patterns is divided under the combination of loading method and loading persons. The loading method is categorized into the method of instantaneous loading of hand on a force plate and the method of continuous loading. The loading persons has been composed of 1~5 persons under the loading patterns. The loading patterns is also divided into lateral loading, longitudinal loading, and agglomeration loading. The subject group has been composed of 12 males in 20s. The load measurement device(size 1800×600×36mm, capacity 20kN, rigidity 28kN/cm) has been designed and manufactured directly. To eliminate the difference of individual, the size of crowd pressure has been converted into the strength to weight ratio (maximum load/weight) for computation. The strength to weight ratio in lateral loading was about 0.91 under instantaneous loading and about 0.47 under continuous loading. The strength to weight ratio in longitudinal loading was about 0.65 under instantaneous loading and about 0.36 under continuous loading. The strength to weight ratio in agglomeration loading was about 0.65 under instantaneous loading and about 0.36 under continuous loading.