• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제8C권5호
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• pp.677-682
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• 2001

가입자의 셀 간 이동이 빈번해지는 마이크로 셀 환경에서는 위치 갱신 등의 처리를 위해 신호 트래픽의 양이 급격히 증가한다. 이러한 오버헤드를 줄이기 위한 한 방법으로서, 본 논문은 각 가입자의 이동 특성에 따라 각 가입자에게 크기 및 모양이 다른 위치영역과 페이징 영역을 동적으로 할당해 주는 알고리즘을 제시한다. 수학적 분석 결과, 이 방식을 사용할 경우 기존 영역 관리 방식의 사용에 비해 영역 관리 비용의 절감을 가져옴을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2012

Introduction: Sialolithes are initiated by localized deposition of calcified material in the salivary glands. And that may even cause various symptom especially swelling and pain. This study purposes to collect statistical data of sialolithiasis for clinical analysis. Materials and Methods: Among forty seven patients who have visited Seoul National University Dental Hospital during 2004-2009, patients' age, sex, location and size of stone, radiodensity of stone, symptom, surgical procedure were investigated. Statistical correlation between size, location, symptom was evaluated. Chemical composition was analyzed for 3 sialolithes. Results: The average age was 41.4 years. Sialolithiasis had slight female predilection (57.4%). Most cases occurred in the submandibular glands (91.5%). And most cases had radiopaque features (95.8%). The average size was 7.17 mm. The most frequent location of the stones were the duct orifice and the submandibular gland hilum (16 cases in each), followed by the middle part of the duct (n=8), the intraglandular area (n=4), and the proximal part of the duct (n=3). Eleven cases were asymptomatic. Thirty six cases had complaints of pain, swelling, hardness, and decrease in saliva flow (multiple symptoms). Various methods of surgery was performed. Two cases were self-removed. Thirty seven cases underwent procedure involving stone removal alone. Six cases underwent gland extirpation, and two cases underwent ductoplasty. Conclusion: There was no statistical correlation between size, location, and symptoms. Sialolith was composed of Ca (58.5-69.3%), P (30.7-35.7%), organic material, and trace inorganic material.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to classify playground types according to the physical characteristics of playgrounds in child care facilities, to analyze the needs of care-givers and to evaluate the adequacy of playgrounds according to playground types. The specific areas discussed in this study were the evaluation of the adequacy in the physical characteristics of playgrounds for children's outdoor play activities by the care-givers, who assist in the outdoor play activities of children and manage safety in the playground, and a report on playground requirements of them. Data was collected from field survey carried out to investigate the physical characteristics of playgrounds of 21 child care facilities. This survey incorporated a structured-questionnaire for the purpose of evaluating the adequacy of the physical characteristics of playgrounds (location and size of the playground, play equipments, the composition of play areas, ground covers, and location of sidewalk in the playground) by the 181 care-givers from the facilities and investigating the needs of them. The major results showed the following. 1) In field survey, it was observed that while the location and the size of the playgrounds varied widely, ground cover, play equipments, and the composition of play area turned out to be identical, regardless of the location and the size of the playgrounds. 2) The playgrounds were classified into five types according to the number of children and the size of the playground. The five types include A-type as a large-scale facility/smallsize playground, B-type as a small-scale facility/large-size playground, C-type as a small-scale facility/small-size playground, D-type as a middle-scale facility/large-size playground, and E-type as a large-scale facility/large-size playground. 3) The adequacy of the physical characteristics of playground in the D-type was evaluated to be higher than that of the other types. The adequacy of the C-type playground was evaluated to be lower than that of the other types in terms of size and the composition of play areas within the playground. 4) The care-givers of the D-type and the E-type playground expressed a desire to install various play equipments, while the care-givers of the C-type playground did not wish to install play equipment. 5) Various outdoor play areas were needed in the D-type playground.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.59-78
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• 2004

A regression function in generalized linear model may have a discontinuity/change point at unknown location. In order to estimate the location of the discontinuity point and its jump size, the strategy is to use a nonparametric approach based on one-sided kernel weighted local-likelihood functions. Weak convergences of the proposed estimators are established. The finite-sample performances of the proposed estimators with practical aspects are illustrated by simulated examples.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.515-528
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• 2017

Since composite structures are widely used in structural engineering, delamination in such structures is an important issue of research. Delamination is one of a principal cause of failure in composites. In This study the electrical potential (EP) technique is applied to detect and locate delamination in basalt fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) laminate composite pipe by using electrical capacitance sensor (ECS). The proposed EP method is able to identify and localize hidden delamination inside composite layers without overlapping with other method data accumulated to achieve an overall identification of the delamination location/size in a composite, with high accuracy, easy and low-cost. Twelve electrodes are mounted on the outer surface of the pipe. Afterwards, the delamination is introduced into between the three layers (0º/90º/0º)s laminates pipe, split into twelve scenarios. The dielectric properties change in basalt FRP pipe is measured before and after delamination occurred using arrays of electrical contacts and the variation in capacitance values, capacitance change and node potential distribution are analyzed. Using these changes in electrical potential due to delamination, a finite element simulation model for delamination location/size detection is generated by ANSYS and MATLAB, which are combined to simulate sensor characteristic. Response surfaces method (RSM) are adopted as a tool for solving inverse problems to estimate delamination location/size from the measured electrical potential changes of all segments between electrodes. The results show good convergence between the finite element model (FEM) and estimated results. Also the results indicate that the proposed method successfully assesses the delamination location/size for basalt FRP laminate composite pipes. The illustrated results are in excellent agreement with the experimental results available in the literature, thus validating the accuracy and reliability of the proposed technique.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2013

최근 스마트폰의 발전에 따라서 많은 위치 기반 서비스가 활용되고 있으며, 위치 정보 노출로 인한 문제점이 사회적 이슈로 대두되고 있다. 기존의 잘 알려진 위치 정보 보호를 위한 공간 클로킹 기법은 사용자가 요청한 지역에서 위치 정보를 흐릿하게 처리하였다. 하지만 계속적으로 움직이는 이동 객체의 모든 지역을 클로킹하기에는 범위공간이 무수히 넓어지는 문제를 가진다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 이동 객체 정보 보호를 위한 그리드 기반 시멘틱 클로킹 기법을 제안한다. 제안 기법은 시멘틱 클로킹을 위하여 EMD 갱신 스키마를 확장하고 이동 객체를 위한 대표 보호지역의 클로킹을 정의하였다. 성능 평가에서는 제안 기법이 기존 기법에 비해 처리 시간과 공간 범위에서 안전성과 효율성을 높였다. 이를 통해, 성공적으로 다양한 적으로부터 지속적으로 움직이는 객체의 위치 개인 정보를 보호하여 기존의 방법을 능가하는 성능을 보인다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.58-68
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• 1999

Purpose of this thesis is to find out the relationship among the amount of change and the visual cognition, and the visual preference which people like and can feel. Through the investigation of relationships between the amount of change, which indicates the degree of visual variation and the visual preference, the amount of change and the visual cognition, and the visual preference and the visual cognition, basic design data will be supplied, which can satisfy users' desire as much as possible in the most economic way. In order to investigate the relationship between the visually produced the amount of change and preferences, graphic simulation, in which variables other than the visual change are controlled, has been proceeded. Graphic factors of the visual change in the cyber exterior space are determined on the point of location (base plane, vertical plane, overhead plane), shape, size and color. As for the relationship between the amount of change and the preference, only the size is effective. since preferences on the location, shape and color are individual preferences, no common trend can be found. Therefore, we cannot say that which shape or color is better, Since the location, shape and color are qualitative change and the size is the quantitative change, the size can be the measurable change quantity. The relationship between the amount of change of size and the degree of preference is found to be inverse U-shape, i.e., as the amount of change of size increases the degree of preference first increases and, after a certain level, decreases. The same result has been obtained in photo simulation.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제33B권12호
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• pp.71-83
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• 1996

This paper describes facial component detection and skew correction algorithm for face recognition. We use a priori knowledge and models about isolated regions to detect eye location from the face image captured in natural office environments. The relations between human face components are represented by several rules. We adopt an edge detection algorithm using sobel mask and 8-connected labelling algorith using array pointers. A labeled image has many isolated components. initially, the eye size rules are used. Eye size rules are not affected much by irregular input image conditions. Eye size rules size, and limited in the ratio between gorizontal and vertical sizes. By the eye size rule, 2 ~ 16 candidate eye components can be detected. Next, candidate eye parirs are verified by the information of location and shape, and one eye pair location is decided using face models about eye and eyebrow. Once we extract eye regions, we connect the center points of the two eyes and calculate the angle between them. Then we rotate the face to compensate for the angle so that the two eyes on a horizontal line. We tested 120 input images form 40 people, and achieved 91.7% success rate using eye size rules and face model. The main reasons of the 8.3% failure are due to components adjacent to eyes such as eyebrows. To detect facial components from the failed images, we are developing a mouth region processing module.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.699-712
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• 2008

The effectiveness of wavelet transform in detecting delamination damages in multilayered composite beams and plates is studied here. The damaged composite beams and plates are modeled in finite element software ABAQUS and the first few mode shapes are obtained. The mode shapes of the damaged structures are then wavelet transformed. It is observed that the distribution of wavelet coefficients can identify the damage location of beams and plates by showing higher values of wavelet coefficients at the position of damage. The effectiveness of the method is studied for different boundary conditions, damage location and size for single as well as multiple delaminations in composite beams and plates. It is observed that both discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and continuous wavelet transform (CWT) can detect the presence and location of the damaged region from the mode shapes of the structures. DWT may be used to approximately evaluate the size of the delamination area, whereas, CWT is efficient to detect smaller delamination areas in composites.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to perform the post occupancy evaluation in apartment housing with the dining room and kitchen(DK) facing the front side, and then to compare them with findings in unit plan facing the back side. A questionnaire survey method was used in this study. These questionnaires were administered, along with an interview, of 200 households in the apartment of 27-28 pyoung($76.50-78.54\textrm{m}^2$), in Gwangju city. Those living in an apartment with DK facing the front side tend to be less satisfied with the physical feature factors. expecially for layout of rooms, location of second bedroom and master bedroom, size and location of storage spaces, and location and size of balcony than those with the DK facing the back side.